Every Bitcoin Layer 2 quietly depends on a trusted operator to order transactions and that's the single point of failure Jeremy Rubin wants to kill. In this MIT Bitcoin Expo conversation with Bitcoin Magazine's Shinobi, Rubin breaks down Char Network, a decentralized shared sequencer that lets anyone participate like a miner. He explains how staked Bitcoin gets burned the moment a participant cheats, and why anchoring proof of stake to Bitcoin avoids the pitfalls of standalone PoS chains.

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🔶 Shinobi — Bitcoin Magazine

🔶 Jeremy Rubin — Founder & CEO, Char Network

Chapters:

00:41 — Who is Jeremy Rubin and what is Char Network

02:26 — The sequencing problem inside Bitcoin Layer 2s

03:49 — Decentralizing the trusted bridge operator

05:54 — Equivocate and your staked Bitcoin gets burned

08:09 — Long-range attacks vs Bitcoin-anchored security

10:47 — Signatures, the torus, and exposing private keys

14:06 — The hunt for a VRF and discovering eVRFs

15:33 — MuSig, deterministic nonces, and the Purify library

18:11 — Garbled circuits and a Bitcoin behind every blade of grass

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