In 1918, with the casualty lists now containing the names of North Dakota soldiers, any anti-war sentiment was not to be tolerated. The Fargo Forum had warned back in November of 1917, that news of wounds and death would stifle dissent in homes across the state. Tensions ran high, and North Dakota residents of German birth had to be extremely cautious of the slightest word or deed that might imply loyalty to Kaiser Wilhelm’s Germany. According to Judge John Knauf from Jamestown, people who