Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:     Generic Name phenytoin Trade Name

Dilantin

Indication

tonic clonic seizures, arrhythmias, neuropathic pain

Action

interferes with ion transport, shortens action potentials and decreases automaticity blocks sustained high frequency repetitive firing of action potentials.

Therapeutic Class

antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants

Pharmacologic Class

hydantoins

Nursing Considerations

• monitor serum phenytoin levels • therapeutic levels 10-20 mcg/mL • use cautiously in all patients • can cause suicidal thoughts, ataxia, extrapyramidal symptoms, hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, gingival hyperplasia, nausea, rash, drug induced hepatitis, agranulocytosis, Steven’s Johnson syndrome • concurrent administration of enteral feedings may decrease absorption • monitor for hypersensitivity • assess seizures • assess hemodynamics

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:     Generic Name phenazopyridine Trade Name

Pyridium

Indication

urological pain

Action

provides analgesia to the urinary tract mucosa

Therapeutic Class

nonopioid analgesics

Pharmacologic Class

urinary tract analgesics

Nursing Considerations

• will turn urine red or orange • may cause headache, vertigo, hepatic toxicity • monitor renal function

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:     Generic Name paroxetine Trade Name

Paxil

Indication

major depressive disorder, OCD, anxiety, PTSD

Action

block reuptake of serotonin in CNS

Therapeutic Class

antianxiety agent, antidepressant

Pharmacologic Class

SSRI

Nursing Considerations

• do not use with MAOIs • can cause neurolyptic malignant syndrome, suicidal thoughts, serotonin syndrome, constipation, diarrhea, insomnia • decrease effectiveness of digoxin • increase bleeding with warfarin • assess for suicidal thoughts

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:     Generic Name pantoprazole Trade Name Protonix Indication

GERD, heartburn, reduce the risk of GI bleed in critically ill patients

Action

prevents the transport of H ions into the gastric lumen by binding to gastric parietal cells, ↓ gastric acid production

Therapeutic Class

antiulcer agents

Pharmacologic Class

proton-pump inhibitors

Nursing Considerations

• can cause hyperglycemia, abdominal pain • decreases absorption of certain drugs • may increase bleeding with warfarin • assess for occult blood • assess liver enzymes • assess symptoms of heart burn • administer slowly via IV push

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:     Generic Name Pancrelipase Trade Name

Creon

Indication

pancreatic insufficiency, ductal obstruction

Action

replacement of pancreatic enzymes: lipase, amylase, protease

Therapeutic Class

digestive agent

Pharmacologic Class

pancreatic enzyme

Nursing Considerations

• contraindicated with pig products allergy • can cause shortness of breath, nausea, diarrhea, rash • assess nutritional status • monitor for steatorrhea • may increase uric acid levels • instruct patient to follow diet • take with meals and snacks

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:     Generic Name oxytocin Trade Name

Pitocin

Indication

labor induction, postpartum bleeding

Action

stimulates uterine smooth muscle

Therapeutic Class

hormones

Pharmacologic Class

oxytocics

Nursing Considerations

• can cause ICH in fetus • can cause asphyxia in fetus • may cause coma and seizures in mother • may cause painful contractions • assess fetus • assess contractions • monitor blood pressure • assess maternal electrolytes • may cause uterine tetany

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:     Generic Name oxycodone Trade Name

Oxycontin

Indication

pain

Action

binds to opiate receptors in CNS altering the perception and sensation of pain

Therapeutic Class

Opioid Analgesic

Pharmacologic Class

opioid agonists, opioid agonists/nonopioid, analgesic combinations

Nursing Considerations

• may cause respiratory depression, constipation, confusion , sedation, hallucinations, urinary retention • use caution with increased intracranial pressure • don’t use with MAOIs • assess hemodynamics • assess pain • may elevate pancreatic enzymes • can cause physical dependence • assess bowel function

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:     Generic Name ondansetron Trade Name

Zofran

Indication

nausea/vomiting

Action

blocks effects of serotonin on vagal nerve and CNS

Therapeutic Class

antiemetic

Pharmacologic Class

5-HT3 antagonist

Nursing Considerations

• administer slowly over 2-5 minutes – fatal QT prolongation and VTach, respiratory arrest • may cause headache, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth • asses nausea and vomiting • assess for extrapyramidal symptoms • monitor liver function tests

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:     Generic Name

omeprazole

Trade Name

Prilosec

Indication

GERD, ulcers, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, reduce the risk of GI bleed in critically ill patients, heart burn

Action

prevents the transport of H ions into the gastric lumen by binding to gastric parietal cells, ↓ gastric acid production

Therapeutic Class

antiulcer agent

Pharmacologic Class

proton-pump inhibitor

Nursing Considerations

• take 30-60 minutes prior to eating • capsules should be swallowed whole • instruct patient to report black tarry stool

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:   Generic Name

olanzapine

Trade Name

Zyprexa

Indication

schizophrenia, mania, depression, anorexia nervosa, nausea/vomiting related to chemotherapy

Action

antagonizes dopamine and serotonin

Therapeutic Class

antipsychotic, mood stabilizers

Pharmacologic Class

thienobenzodiazepines

Nursing Considerations

• do not use while breastfeeding • can cause neurolyptic malignant syndrome, seizures, suicidal thoughts, insomnia, tardive dyskinesia, agranulocytosis, constipation, tremors • assess mental status • monitor hemodynamics • assess blood sugars • assess intake and output • monitor liver function tests