Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/MetronidazoleFlagylNursingConsiderations    Generic Name metronidazole Trade Name

Flagyl

Indication

intra-abdominal infections, gynecoligical infections, skin infections, bone and joint infections, CNS infections, septicemia, endocarditis, amebic liver abscess, peptic ulcer disease

Action

Inhibits DNA and protein synthesis in bacteria, bactericidal

Therapeutic Class

anti-infectives, antiprotozoals, antiulcer agents

Pharmacologic Class

none

Nursing Considerations

• do not take with alcohol-disulfiram reaction • assess for infection before and during treatment • obtain cultures before therapy • monitor neurologic status: parasthesia, weakness, ataxia, or seizures • monitor intake and output, daily weights • may alter liver enzyme tests

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/MetoclopramideReglanNursingConsiderations      Generic Name

metoclopramide

Trade Name

Reglan

Indication

prevention of nausea, vomiting, hiccups, migraines, gastric stasis

Action

accelerates gastric emptying by stimulating motility

Therapeutic Class

antiemetic

Pharmacologic Class

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, prokinetic

Nursing Considerations

• do not use with GI obstruction • may cause extrapyramidal reaction, neurolyptic malignant syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, arrhythmias, blood pressure alterations, hematologic alterations, facial movements, sedation • can decrease effects of levodopa • assess nausea/vomiting • monitor liver function tests

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/MethylphenidateConcertaNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

methylphenidate

Trade Name

Ritalin, Concerta

Indication

ADHD, narcolepsy

Action

improves attention span in ADHD by producing CNS stimulation

Therapeutic Class

central nervous system stimulant

Pharmacologic Class

none

Nursing Considerations

• can cause sudden death, hypertension, palpitations, anorexia, hyperactivity, insomnia • may decrease effects of Warfarin and Phenytoin • do not use with MAOIs • monitor cardiovascular system • monitor for behavioral changes • monitor for dependence • do not consume caffeinated beverages “Drug Holiday” used to assess dependence and status

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/MethylergonovineMethergineNursingConsiderations      Generic Name methylergonovine Trade Name

Methergine

Indication

treatment of post-partum hemorrhage

Action

stimulates uterine muscles causing uterine contraction

Therapeutic Class

oxytocic

Pharmacologic Class

ergot alkaloids

Nursing Considerations

• can cause hypertension, cramps, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea • monitor BP, heart rate, uterine response • assess calcium levels – effectiveness ↓ with hypocalcemia • monitor uterine bleeding and notify physician of any changes

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/MethadoneMethadoseNursingConsiderations    Generic Name methadone Trade Name

Mathadose

Indication

withdrawal symptoms, pain

Action

Suppresses withdrawal symptoms. Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS and alters perception of pain while producing a general depression of the CNS. This depression also causes a decrease in the cough reflex and GI motility.

Therapeutic Class

opioid analgesic

Pharmacologic Class

opioid agonist

Nursing Considerations

• use caution if patient is receiving MAO Inhibitors • may cause QT prolongation, hypotension, respiratory depression, dependence, confusion, sedation • assess pain, vital signs, bowel function • may increase pancreatic enzyme levels • assess withdrawal symptoms

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/MetforminGlucophageNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

metformin

Trade Name

Glucophage

Indication

management of Type II DM, PCOS

Action

decreases glucose production in the liver, decreases absorption, increases cellular insulin sensitivity

Therapeutic Class

Antidiabetic

Pharmacologic Class

Biguanide

Nursing Considerations

• do not use with renal dysfunction, metabolic acidosis • may cause diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, lactic acidosis • monitor patient closely for ketoacidosis and lactic acidosis, discontinue medication immediately if acidotic • may cause metallic taste • instruct patient that medication does not cure diabetes

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/MeperidineDemerolNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

meperidine

Trade Name

Demerol

Indication

moderate to severe pain, sedation

Action

Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS and alters perception of pain while producing a general depression of the CNS.

Therapeutic Class

Opioid Analgesic

Pharmacologic Class

opioid agonists

Nursing Considerations

• may cause alterations in mentation, hypotension, constipation, nausea, vomiting • assess BP, pulse, and respiratory rate prior to administration and frequently during administration • use caution if patient is receiving MAOIs • Narcan (naloxone) is the antidote for opioid agonists • can cause seizure • may increase pancreatic enzyme levels • assess bowel function

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/MannitolOsmitrolNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

mannitol

Trade Name

Osmitrol

Indication

increased ICP, oliguric renal failure, edema, increased intraocular pressure

Action

inhibits reabsorption of water and electrolytes by increasing osmotic pressure, excreted by kidneys

Therapeutic Class

diuretic

Pharmacologic Class

osmotic diuretic

Nursing Considerations

• may cause phlebitis at IV site • may cause dehydration, fluid and electrolyte imbalances • monitor neuro status • administer via a filter

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/MagnesiumSulfateNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

magnesium sulfate

Trade Name

MgSO4

Indication

treatment of hypomagnesaemia, hypertension, preterm labor, torsade de pointes, asthma, anticonvulsant with eclampsia

Action

magnesium plays a role in muscle excitability

Therapeutic Class

mineral and electrolyte replacements/supplements

Pharmacologic Class

minerals/electrolytes

Nursing Considerations

• use caution with renal insufficiency
• may cause decreased respiratory rate, arrythmias, hypotension, muscle weakness
• monitor EKG and respiratory status
• monitor Mg levels
• ensure dosage with secondary practitioner
• Calcium gluconate is the antidote
  • Magnesium toxicity results in respiratory depression and loss of deep tendon reflexes

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/LosartanCozaarNursingConsiderations      Generic Name

losartan

Trade Name

Cozaar

Indication

hypertension, DM neuropathy, CHF

Action

inhibits vasoconstrictive properties of angiotensin II

Therapeutic Class

antihypertensives

Pharmacologic Class

angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Nursing Considerations

• may cause hypotension, tacycardia, angiodema, hyperkalemia • may increase digoxin levels • assess blood pressure and heart rate • assess fluid levels • monitor daily weights with CHF • monitor renal and liver • instruct patient on how to take blood pressure