Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/LactuloseGenerlacNursingConsiderations      Generic Name

lactulose

Trade Name

Kristalose

Indication

Constipation, portal-systemic encephalopathy

Action

draws water into the stool and softens stool, inhibits ammonia passing into the colon

Therapeutic Class

laxative

Pharmacologic Class

osmotic

Nursing Considerations

• use caution with DM • may cause cramps, abdominal distention, hyperglycemia • assess mental status, ammonia levels, abdominal distention • patient should average 2-3 bowel movements per day

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/KetorolacToradolNursingConsiderations      Generic Name

ketorolac

Trade Name

Toradol

Indication

pain

Action

pain relief due to prostaglandin inhibition by blocking of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX)

Therapeutic Class

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, nonopioid analgesics

Pharmacologic Class

pyrroziline carboxylic acid

Nursing Considerations

• may cause GI bleeding, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, anaphylaxis, drowsiness • should not exceed 5 days of therapy • bleeding risk increased with garlic, ginger, and ginkgo • may decrease effectiveness of hypertensive medications and diuretics

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/IsoniazidNiazidNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

isoniazide

Trade Name

INH

Indication

tuberculosis

Action

Inhibits synthesis of mycobacterial cell wall

Therapeutic Class

Antitubercular

Pharmacologic Class

none

Nursing Considerations

• can cause jaundice • may cause peripheral neuropathy, seizures, hepatitis • patient should avoid high amounts of tyramine (pickled meats, aged/smoked meats, alcohol, exotic/aged cheese) • monitor liver function tests • complete full course of therapy (6-12 months) • often used in combination with Rifampin

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/IndomethacinIndocinNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

indomethacin

Trade Name

Indocin

Indication

Inflammatory disorders when patients do not respond to other medications

Action

Decreases pain and inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis

Therapeutic Class

antirheumatics, ductus arteriosus patency adjuncts (IV only), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents

Pharmacologic Class

none

Nursing Considerations

• monitor for hepatitis and GI bleeding • monitor for dizziness, drowsiness, and headache • assess for anaphylactic reaction • aspirin may decrease effectiveness • monitor renal labs • shake suspension before administration • patient should wear sunscreen and protective clothing to protect against photosensitivity

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/IbuprofenMotrinNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

ibuprofen

Trade Name

Advil / Motrin

Indication

Mild to moderate pain, inflammatory states

Action

Decreases pain and inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandins

Therapeutic Class

antipyretics, antirheumatics, nonopioid analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents

Pharmacologic Class

nonopioid analgesics

Nursing Considerations

• may cause GI bleeding, hepatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome • may cause anaphylaxis • monitor for headache, nausea, vomiting, constipation • therapy should be discontinued after first sign of rash • monitor renal and liver labs • patient should avoid using alcohol

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/HydromorphoneDilaudidNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

hydromorphone

Trade Name

Dilaudid

Indication

moderate to severe pain

Action

alters the perception and reaction to pain by binding to opiate receptors in the CNS, also suppresses the cough reflex

Therapeutic Class

Opioid Analgesic, allergy, cold and cough remedies, antitussive

Pharmacologic Class

opioid agonist

Nursing Considerations

• Assess BP, respirations, and pulse before and during administration – medication causes general CNS depression • Narcan (nalaxone) is the antidote for overdose • use caution with concurrent use of MAOI – avoid use within 14 days of each other • may be used as an antitussive • advised to dilute with NS prior to administration and to administer slowly to decrease CNS depression

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/HydrochlorothiazideHydrodiurilNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

hydrochlorothiazide

Trade Name

HydroDiuril

Indication

Hypertension, CHF, renal dysfunction, cirrhosis, glucocorticoid therapy

Action

Increases sodium and water excretion and produces arterial vasodilation

Therapeutic Class

antihypertensives, diuretics

Pharmacologic Class

thiazide diuretics

Nursing Considerations

• May cause dizziness, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia, dehydration • Hypokalemia can increase risk for digoxin toxicity • Monitor blood pressure and intake and output • Monitor electrolyte levels • Patient should take medication at the same time each day even if feeling better • Instruct patient on how to take blood pressure

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/HydralazineApresolineNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

hydralazine

Trade Name

Apresoline

Indication

hypertension

Action

arterial vasodilation by unclarified mechanism

Therapeutic Class

anti-hypertensive

Pharmacologic Class

vasodilator

Nursing Considerations

• may cause tachycardia, sodium retention, arrhythmias, angina • use caution with MAOIs • monitor blood pressure • instruct patient on how to take blood pressure

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson:  https://bit.ly/HaloperidolHaldolNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

haloperidol

Trade Name

Haldol

Indication

Schizophrenia, mania, aggressive and agitated patient

Action

Alters the effect of dopamine

Therapeutic Class

Antipsychotic

Pharmacologic Class

butyrophenones

Nursing Considerations

• extrapyramidal symptoms, tardive dyskinesia • use caution in QT prolongation • may cause seizures, constipation, dry mouth, agranulosytosis • assess for hallucinations • monitor hemodynamics • monitor for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (fever, muscular rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction) • monitor CBC with differential

Download the cheat: https://bit.ly/50-meds  View the lesson: https://bit.ly/GuaifenesinMucinexNursingConsiderations    Generic Name

guaifenesin

Trade Name

Mucinex

Indication

Cough suppression, expectorant

Action

Decreases viscosity of and mobilizes secretions

Therapeutic Class

allergy, cold and cough remedies, expectorant

Pharmacologic Class

none

Nursing Considerations

• patient should avoid over the counter cold medications • assess lung sounds • maintain adequate fluid intake