MedMaster by NURSING.com

Vancocin

life threatening infections, sepsis

bactericidal, inhibits cell wall synthesis

anti-infectives

glycopeptides

• can cause ototoxicity, nausea, vomiting, nephrotoxicity, anaphylaxis, red-man syndrome • assess for infection • obtain culture prior to initiating therapy • monitor blood pressure • dose dependent draw serum trough levels frequently • administer over at least 60 minutes to avoid skin irritation

Lopressor, Toprol XL

tachyarrhythmias, HTN, angina, prevention of MI, heart failure management, may be used for migraine prophylaxis

blocks the stimulation of beta1 receptors in the SNS, does not usually effect on beta2 receptors (cardioselective)

antianginal, antihypertensive

beta blocker

• monitor hemodynamics • may lead to bradycardia, pulmonary edema • use caution with MAOIs • assess I&Os and monitor for signs of CHF

Doxycycline

treatment of infection, gonorrhea and syphilis with penicillin allergy, chronic bronchitis

bacteriostatic by inhibiting protein synthesis

anti-infectives

Tetracyclines

• use caution with liver impairment • may cause pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, photosensitivity, rash • may increase effects of warfarin • assess for infection • obtain culture prior to initiating therapy • monitor renal and liver labs • instruct patient to complete entire dose

Brethine, Brethaire

asthma, COPD, preterm labor

produces smooth muscle relaxation, bronchodilator, and inhibits hypersensitivity reactions

bronchodilators

adrenergics

tocolytics

• may cause nervousness, restlessness, tremors • beta blockers can reduce effect • assess respiratory status • monitor maternal/fetal vital signs if using for preterm labor • monitor for hypoglycemia • may cause decreased potassium level

Feosol

Prevention and treatment of iron-deficiency anemia

Iron is essential for hemoglobin, myoglobin and enzymes, it is transported to organs where it becomes part of iron stores

Antianemics

Iron supplements

• May cause seizures, hypotension, constipation, epigastric pain, diarrhea, skin staining, anaphylaxis • Assess nutritional status, bowel function • Monitor hemoglobin, hematocrit, iron levels • May cause elevated liver enzymes • Take on an empty stomach to increase absorption/vitamin c helps with absorption • Use z-track for IM injections

bronchitis, UTI, diarrhea, pneumonia, multiple types of infection

bacteriacidal by preventing metabolism of folic acid

anti-infectives, antiprotozoals

folate antagonists, sulfonamides

• may cause renal damage, Steven Johnsons Syndrome – rash, pseudomembranous colitis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, phlebitis • contraindicated with sulfa allergies • monitor CBC • obtain cultures prior to initiating therapy • monitor intake and output • instruct patient to complete dose • drink 8-10 glasses of water

Carafate

management of GI ulcers, GI injury prevention from high dose aspirin and NSAID treatment

reacts with gastric acid to form a paste that adheres to ulcer

antiulcer agent

GI protectant

• use caution in renal failure patients • concurrent use of antacids may decrease the effect of sucralfate – administer 30 min before or after • administer on empty stomach 1 hour before meals

Streptase

pulmonary embolism, DVT, occluded lines, arterial thrombus

converts plasminogen to plasmin which degrades fibrin clots

Thrombolytic

plasminogen activators

• contraindicated with active bleeding, hypersensitivity, bronchospasm, intracranial hemorrhage, hypotension • begin therapy as soon as possible • monitor vital signs continuously • monitor closely for bleeding • monitor hemodynamics • avoid invasive procedures

Aldactone

potassium loss, hypertension, edema, CHF

inhibits sodium reabsorption while sparing potassium and hydrogen

Diuretics

potassium sparing diuretics

• contraindicated with hyperkalemia • monitor intake and output • monitor blood pressure • monitor potassium levels and renal panel

Zoloft

major depressive disorder, OCD, anxiety

inhibits uptake of serotonin allowing for higher quantities available within synaptic cleft

Antidepressant

SSRI

• do not use with MAOIs • can cause neurolyptic malignant syndrome, suicidal thoughts, drowsiness, insomnia, diarrhea, dry mouth, tremors, serotonin syndrome, sexual dysfunction • monitor mood changes in patient • takes 1-4 weeks for therapy to be effective.