Plavix

Atherosclerotic events, MI, CVA, PVD, acute coronary syndrome

Inhibits platelet aggregation

Antiplatelet agent

Platelet aggregation inhibitors

• May cause GI bleeding, neutropenia, hypercholesterolemia • May increase risk for bleeding in warfarin, aspirin, heparin • Can increase risk for bleeding with garlic, ginkgo, ginger • Monitor for signs of bleeding • Monitor bleeding times • Monitor CBC and platelet count • Discontinue use 5-7 days before surgery

Clindamycin

Cleocin

Skin infections, respiratory tract infections, septicemia, intra-abdominal infections, osteomyelitis

Bacteriostatic: inhibits protein synthesis

Anti-infectives

Lincosamide

• Arrhythmias, pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, phlebitis • Monitor bowel function • Assess for infection, obtain cultures prior to therapy • Monitor liver function tests • Monitor CBC

Ciprofloxacin

Cipro

Urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, respiratory tract infections, bronchitis, pneumonia, skin and bone infections, infectious diarrhea, abdominal infections

Inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis

Anti-infectives

Fluoroquinolone

• Contraindicated in allergies • May cause QT prolongation, avoid use with other drugs that can cause QT prolongation • Can cause seizures, arrhythmias, pseudomembranous colitis, anaphylaxis, Stevens Johnson syndrome • May decrease effects of phenytoin • Monitor renal panel • Assess for infection, obtain cultures prior to therapy • Monitor liver function tests

Tagamet

Treatment of duodenal ulcers, GERD, heartburn, Zollinger Ellison syndrome, prevention of GI bleeding in critical patients.

Inhibits action of histamine leading to inhibition of gastric acid secretion

Antiulcer agent

Histamine H2 antagonist

• Increases serum level of warfarin • Can lead to respiratory infection (green sputum) • Monitor for arrhythmias • May cause agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia • Monitor CBC during therapy • Take medication as directed • Instruct patient to increase fluid and fiber intake to decrease constipation

Chlorpromazine

Thorazine

Second line treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis, nausea/vomiting, pre-op sedation, acute intermittent porphyria, headache, bipolar

Exhibits anticholinergic activity, alters effects of dopamine in CNS

Antipsychotic, antiemetic

Phenothiazines (dopamine D2 receptor antagonist)

• May cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome, sedation, tardive dyskinesia, hypotension, agranulocytosis • Assess mental status prior to and during treatment • Monitor blood pressure • Ensure patient is taking medication • Monitor CBC and liver function tests • Instruct patient not to skip doses or double dose.

Cephalexin

Keflex

Skin infections, pneumonia, UTI, otitis media

Bactericidal: binds to bacterial cell wall leading to cell death

Anti-infectives

Cephalosporin 1st generation

• Contraindicated with cephalosporin and serious penicillin allergies. • May need lead to seizures, pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, phlebitis at IV site, anaphylaxis • Assess infection and allergies • Obtain cultures prior to therapy • Monitor bowel function • May lead to superinfection • May cause elevated liver enzymes

Celecoxib

Celebrex

Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain

Decreases pain and inflammation by inhibiting synthesis of prostaglandins

Antirheumatics/NSAID

Cox 2 inhibitor

• Use caution with cardiovascular disease • Increases risk for MI, CVA, thrombosis • May cause GI bleeding, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, dermatitis • Notify provider for new-onset abdominal pain or black stool

Cefdinir

Omnicef

Treatment of skin infections, otitis media

Bactericidal, binds to bacterial cell wall causing cell death

Anti-infectives

Cephalosporin 3rd generations

• Contraindicated in cephalosporin and possibly penicillin allergies • May need lead to seizures, pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, phlebitis at IV site, anaphylaxis • Assess infection and allergies • Obtain cultures prior to therapy • Monitor bowel function • Monitor for bleeding • May lead to superinfection

Ceclor

Treatment of respiratory tract infections, skin infections, otitis media

Bactericidal, binds to bacterial cell wall causing cell death

Anti-infectives

Cephalosporin 2nd generations

• Contraindicated in cephalosporin and possibly penicillin allergies • May need lead to seizures, pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, phlebitis at IV site, anaphylaxis • Assess infection and allergies • Obtain cultures prior to therapy • Monitor bowel function • May lead to superinfection

A nursing student AMA we did at our live event in 2019.