MedMaster by NURSING.com

Calcium carbonate

Tums/Rolaids

Treatment of hypocalcemia, prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis, treat- ment of hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia, used as antacid

Calcium is essential for nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems, helps maintain cell membranes, aids in transmission of nerve impulses and muscle contraction, aids in blood formation and coagulation

Mineral and electrolyte replacements/supplements

Antacids

• May cause cardiac arrest and arrhythmias • Monitor hemodynamics • May causes hypotension, bradycardia, and arrhythmias • Hypercalcemia can increase risk for digoxin toxicity • Instruct pt on foods that contain Vitamin D and encourage adequate intake • Monitor parathyroid hormone

Captopril

Capoten

Hypertension, management of CHF, decrease progression of DM neuropathy

Block conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, increases renin levels and decreases aldosterone leading to vasodilation

Antihypertensives

ACE Inhibitor

• Can cause neutropenia – check WBCs regularly • Use cautiously with potassium supplements and potassium sparing diuretics • Use cautiously with diuretic therapy • Administer 1 hour before meals • Monitor blood pressure often • Monitor weight and fluid status • Monitor renal profile • Monitor CBC frequently • May lead to Rhabdomyolysis • Dry cough

Stadol

moderate to severe pain, labor pain, sedation

alters perception and response to pain by binding to opiate receptors in CNS

Opioid Analgesic

opioid agonists/antagonists

• use caution with concurrent use of MAOIs • may cause confusion, hallucinations, sedation • monitor for CNS depression • assess blood pressure pulse and respirations during administration • administer slowly through an IV line

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Buspirone

Buspar

Management of anxiety

Relieves anxiety by binding to dopamine and serotonin receptors

Antianxiety

Azapirone

• Do not administer concurrently with MAOI or grapefruit juice • May lead to dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, and weakness • Patient may experience chest pain, palpitations, tachycardia • Instruct patient to take as directed • Instruct patient to avoid alcohol and other CNS depressantss

Bupropion

Wellbutrin

Depression, smoking cessation, treat ADHD in adults

Not well understood, ↑ dopaminergic and noradrenergic transmission via reuptake

Antidepressants, smoking deterrents

Aminoketones

• May lead to seizures, suicidal thoughts • Do not administer if patient is taking MAOI • Use caution with renal and liver impairment • Assess mental status • Instruct patient to avoid alcohol (may lead to hallucinations, seizures, anxiety)

Bismuth subsalicylate

Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol

Diarrhea, heartburn, indigestion, H. pylori associated ulcer

Stimulates the absorption of fluids and electrolytes in the intestinal wall, reduction in hypermotility of the stomach, and binds to toxins.

Antidiarrheal, antiulcer, antacid

Absorbent

• Contraindicated in aspirin hypersensitivity • Increase risk for impaction with geriatric and pediatric patients • Monitor liver profile • Bismuth may interfere with radiologic exams

Bisacodyl

Dulcolax

Treatment of constipation, bowel regimen

Stimulates enteric nerves to cause peristalsis which leads to fluid accumulation in the colon

Laxatives

Stimulant laxatives

• May lead to hypokalemia • May cause abdominal pain and cramps • Not for use within 1 hour of taking milk product • Assess for abdominal distention and bowel function • Instruct patient to drink 1500-2000 mL/day during therapy • Monitor fluid and electrolyte levels • Instruct patient to take as ordered