In this episode, we explore a problem that refuses to go away: the near-impossible task many immigrants in Spain face when trying to secure appointments for their NIE (foreign identity number) or TIE (foreign identity card).

Cybersecurity expert René Serral from UPC breaks down what is happening behind the scenes of the 'cita previa' appointment system – and what could be done to fix it.

Law professor Natalia Caicedo examines whether the Spanish government is meeting its legal obligations toward newcomers.

Honduran-born activist Carmen Juares describes how migrants are "treated as second-class citizens," calling the process of regularising legal status "a continuous obstacle course."

We also hear directly from Catalan News readers, many of whom got in touch to share their own experiences navigating the system.

With Lorcan Doherty and Oriol Escudé.