626 复习

The last time we spoke, you'd just started your new job. 上次我们谈话/聊天时，你刚开始新工作。

The last time I saw you, you'd just started your new job. 上次我见你时，你刚开始新工作。

把 工作job 换成 课程course 

上次我们见面的时候，你刚开始新课程。—>

The last time I saw you, you'd just started your new course.

上次我们聊天的时候，你刚开始新课程。—>

The last time we spoke, you'd just started your new course.

Start a new course开始新课程 含有之前已经上了别的课程，现在有另外的、新的课程要上（的意思）。如果之前没有上任何课，现在开始上课，就说 start a course。

把 开始新课程start a new course 换成 开始上课 start a course

上次我们见面的时候，你刚开始上课。—>

The last time I saw you, you'd just started your course.

course 和 class 的区别：

course 通常指某一个学科的课程

class 一堂课

接下来，我们就要问问新工作、新课程怎么样？进行得如何？就可以说：

So how's the job going? 

工作进展如何？

So how's the course going? 

课程进行得如何？

how's ... going? ……进行得如何？进展如何？

和朋友打招呼说“过得怎么样？How's it going?”  是一样的句子。

进展顺利 go well / be going well

So is the job going well? 

工作进展顺利吗？

So is the course going well? 

课程进行得顺利吗？

621~625 复习

你好吗？最近过得怎么样？

How are you doing?

How's it going?

How are things (with you)? 

How have you been? 

不错，谢谢。

Good, thanks.

Not bad, thanks.

我们好久没见了。 

I haven't seen you for ages. 

I feel I haven't seen you for ages.

It seems like ages since I last saw you.

是啊，是很长时间了。

Yes, it's been a while.

你最近在做（忙）什么？

So what have you been doing recently?

So what have you been up to recently?

我基本就一直在学习/工作。

I've mainly been studying/working.

也没什么，我就忙着学习/工作。

Not much, actually. I've been too busy studying/working.

我一直在旅行/工作/学习。

I've been travel(l)ing/working/studying a lot.

你怎么样？

How about you?

The last time we spoke, you'd just started your new job.

上次我们谈话/聊天时，你刚开始新工作。

the last time we spoke 我们上次谈话/聊天的时候

the last time... 上次……（的时候）

—> 上次我见你的时候 the last time I saw you 

spoke的原形是 speak 谈话，交谈，讲话，说话

you'd just started your new job 你刚开始新工作

you'd = you had

start your new job 开始你的新工作

请大家和我读

The last time we spoke, you'd just started your new job.

上次我见你时，你刚开始新工作。

The last time I saw you, you'd just started your new job.

624 复习
I've been too busy studying. 我一直忙着学习。
Not much, actually. I've been too busy studying. 没什么，我就一直在忙学习。
I've been travel(l)ing a lot. 我常常各处跑/旅行/出差。

这节课我们再学一个很日常的表达：
be up to (something)
= be doing (something)

问朋友最近做什么呢？除了What have you been doing? 还可以说：
What have you been up to?
（非正式，随意）

最近在做什么呢？
What have you been up to recently?
What have you been doing recently?

小练习一下~
请大家问我，最近在做什么？
A：......
B：Actually, I've been too busy studying.

下面我来问大家最近在做什么？
A：So what have you been up to recently?
B：......
可以回答像

(Actually,) I've mainly been working/studying.
(Actually,) I've been too busy working/studying.
(Actually,) I've been travel(l)ing a lot. 

朋友问了我们近况，我们回答之后，也要把问题问回去，问问朋友在做什么，除了 What have you been up to? 和 What have you been doing? 之外，也可以说得简短一点：
How about you? 你呢？

623 复习

I haven't seen you for ages. 

Yes, it's been a while. 是啊，是好长时间了。

What have you been doing recently? 最近在做什么？

I've (mainly) been working. 我（基本）就一直忙工作。

如果是在忙学习，可以说：

I've been busy studying.

我一直忙着学习。

be busy doing... 忙着（做）……

还可以加个程度副词too —>

I've been too busy studying.

可以把 studying学习 换成 working工作 —>

I've been too busy working. 

我一直忙工作。

请大家和我读

I've been too busy studying.

I've been too busy working. 

上节课的句子也可以换成 我主要就在忙学习。—>

I've mainly been studying.

下面来小练习一下~

我问大家最近在忙什么，请大家回两句：①在忙工作 ②在忙学习

A：So what have you been doing recently?

B：① ......

      ② ......

我们还可以很自然地说：

（其实）也没什么。

Not much, actually.

actually 其实，实际上

—>

Not much, actually. I've been too busy studying.

没什么，我就一直在忙学习。

Not much, actually. I've been too busy working.

没什么，我就一直在忙工作。

I've been travel(l)ing a lot. 

我常常出门/旅行/出差。

travel 动词，（尤其指长途）旅行，出行，前往，移动，穿越。也可以作名词。

travelling（英国拼写）/ traveling（美国拼写）

622 复习
好长时间没见了。
I haven't seen you for ages. 
I feel I haven't seen you for ages.
It seems like ages since I last saw you.

如果朋友和我们说好长时间没见，我们可以回应说：
Yes, it's been a while.
是啊，是有一阵子了。/ 是挺长时间（没见面了）。
a while 一会儿，一段时间

练习：假设我和大家是老朋友，我们好久没见，最近见面时我和你打招呼：
Hey, how are you doing? I haven't seen you for ages. 
请问你要怎么回应我呢？
......

接下来我们继续对话，就可以问问对方最近在忙什么呢？
What have you been doing recently?
最近在做（忙）什么？
这句话用了现在完成进行时，表示现在正在做的、并且持续着的事情。
recently 副词，最近，近来（recent 形容词，最近的，近来的，最新的 + 后缀-ly）

请大家和我读
What have you been doing recently?

如果是朋友问我们最近在忙什么，比如我们就在忙工作，可以说：
I've mainly been working.
我基本就在忙工作。
这句话也是现在完成进行时。
mainly 副词，主要（地），通常（地），大部分（地）（main 形容词，主要的，最大的，最重要的 + 后缀-ly）

请大家和我读
I've mainly been working.

621 复习

你好吗？最近怎么样？

How are you doing?

How's it going?

How are things (with you)? 

How have you been? 

不错，谢谢。

Good, thanks. 

[In the UK] Yeah, good, thanks.

[In the US] Real good, thanks.

*符合正确语法应该是 Really well, thanks，但日常口语中我们不太这么说。

如果两个朋友好久没见了，通常一方就会说：好长时间没见了啊！

这里常用到一个词：

ages 很长时间，很久 = a very long time

I haven't seen you for ages.  

我好久没见到你了。好长时间没见了。

还可以加上 I feel 软化语气

I feel I haven't seen you for ages. 

我觉得好长时间没见你了。

It seems like ages since I last saw you. 

我好像很久没见你了。

It seems like ages 好像有好久了

since I last saw you 自从我上次见到你

Ages（很长时间）是一个相对的很长，不一定是几年或几个月，如果我们等人等了好久，也可以用 for ages：

I've been waiting for ages. 我等了很长时间了。（现在完成进行时）

616~620 复习

If we don't like something:

I don't like cooking very much. 我不太喜欢做饭。

He's not very fond of doing the housework. 他不太喜欢做家务。

He's not a great fan of football. 他不是一个足球迷。

Gardening isn't his thing. 种花种草不是他的特长。

I dislike wasting time. 我不喜欢浪费时间。

If we really dislike something:

I don't like sport at all. 我一点也不喜欢运动。

He can't stand his boss. 他受不了他的老板。

She can't bear cooking in a dirty kitchen. 她受不了在脏厨房里做饭。

I hate crowded supermarkets. 我非常讨厌拥挤的超市。

He detests being late. 他非常讨厌迟到。

I loathe celery. 我非常讨厌芹菜。

birth sign year 本命年 

zodiac sign 生肖

zodiac sign Tiger 生肖虎

The zodiac sign Tiger is a symbol of strength and braveness. 生肖虎象征着力量与勇敢。

长假期间，我们可能会和老朋友们（old friends）聚聚，或者以前认识的朋友，平时不常见，有阵子没见了，见到面会先寒暄一下问候一下，在英语里，这样的对话要怎么说呢？

因为已经是朋友关系了，所以这个系列的句子都是朋友之间的用语，很日常、非正式的，请大家不要对公司老板或者学校老师用。

下面这四句意思全都是 你好吗？最近怎么样？

请大家和我各读三遍

How are you doing?

How's it going? =How is it going?

How are things (with you)? 

How have you been? 

下节课我们来回应一下~

619 复习

birth sign year 本命年 

Wearing red will bring good luck in a birth sign year. 穿红色会在本命年带来好运。

zodiac 黄道带，十二宫图；生肖

Chinese Zodiac 中国（十二）生肖

zodiac sign 生肖

zodiac sign Tiger 生肖虎

2022年是虎年。2022 is a year of the Tiger. 

在中国，老虎被称为万兽之王。The Tiger is known as the king of all beasts in China.

is(be) known as 以……闻名，众所周知的，被称为……

the king of all beasts 所有野兽的王 —> 万兽之王，百兽之王

beast(s) 野兽

The zodiac sign Tiger is a symbol of strength and braveness.

is a symbol of... 是……的标志，是……的象征

symbol 标志，象征

a symbol of life 生命的象征

Water is a symbol of life. 水是生命的象征。

strength 名词，力量，实力，体力，力气 = power

strong 形容词，有力量的，强壮的，强有力的

strong + 后缀-th —> strength

后缀-th用在形容词后面变名词，表示性质状态。

（第468课长宽高深）long 长的 + -th —> length 长度

braveness 名词，勇敢 

brave 形容词，勇敢的，无畏的

brave + 后缀-ness —> braveness

后缀-ness 用在形容词后面变成名词，表示性质或状态

happy 高兴的 + -ness —> happiness 高兴

sad 悲伤的  + -ness —> sadness 悲伤

The zodiac sign Tiger is a symbol of strength and braveness.

生肖虎是力量和勇敢的象征。/ 生肖虎象征着力量与勇敢。

今天是大年初一。Happy Chinese New Year! 春节好！

虎年 Year of the Tiger

本命年 birth sign year

birth 名词，出生（生日birthday = birth + day）
sign 名词，标志，符号，迹象，征兆

Wearing red will bring good luck in a birth sign year.
穿红色会在本命年带来好运。

祝大家虎年生活顺利，大吉大利！
Enjoy a smooth life and good luck in the whole Year of the Tiger!

617 复习

If we really dislike something 如果我们真的很不喜欢，非常不喜欢某事——

I don't like sport at all. 我一点也不喜欢运动。

He can't stand his boss. 他受不了他的老板。

She can't bear cooking in a dirty kitchen. 她受不了在脏厨房里做饭。

hate 讨厌，厌恶，憎恨

I hate crowded supermarkets.

我讨厌拥挤的超市。

crowded 拥挤的，挤满人的

I hate travelling by plane. 我讨厌坐飞机旅行。

做一点扩展~

像hate, like, love 之前我说它们后面加动词ing形式，但是，它们后面也是可以加to do的。两者有区别，但区别非常小。

比如：

like + doing 强调喜欢做这个事情的动作或过程

like + to do 强调我喜欢做这个，有这个习惯，会说得更具体

I like making jam. 我喜欢做果酱。侧重于强调喜欢这个过程，这个动作。

I like to make jam every year. 我每年都喜欢做果酱。侧重于强调我有这个喜好，有这个习惯。

Love 和 hate 后面更多是 doing，比 to do 更常见。

I hate to interrupt 我不想打断（你们）

interrupt 打扰，打断

detest 厌恶，讨厌，憎恨

= to hate someone or something very much

He detests being late.

他讨厌迟到。

loathe 厌恶，憎恨

I loathe celery.

我讨厌芹菜。

celery 芹菜（a stick of celery 一根芹菜）（发音相似：salary 薪水）

I loathe doing housework. 我厌恶做家务。