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表示“有,拥有”,如果是现在时态,英国英语也会用 have got
I have got a new car.
You have got a nice house.
He / she has got an important job.
We have got pizza for dinner.
They have got two beautiful children.
日常口语常用缩略形式
I've got a new car.
You've got a nice house.
He's got / She's got an important job.
We've got pizza for dinner.
They've got two beautiful children.
Have got的have是助动词,否定句不需要don't或doesn't,是用 haven't got 和 hasn't got:
I haven't got time.
You haven't got time.
He / she hasn't got time.
We haven't got time.
They haven't got time.
(to) have
有,拥有
I have two children.
He has a beautiful house in London.
现在时(the present tense)变疑问句要使用助动词 do 和 does:
Do you have any coin?
Does he have any children?
变否定要使用 don't 和 doesn't:
We don't have much time.
She doesn't have a big car.
过去时(the past tense)变疑问句用 did:
Did he have a good holiday? 他假期过得好吗?
变否定句用 didn't:
We didn't have a holiday last year.
turn on / switch on 打开
First, turn on the PC.
首先,打开电脑。
turn off / switch off 关闭
Turn off the lights when you leave.
你离开的时候把灯关上。
remove / take off 拿下,去掉,去除
Remove the plastic before you put the meal in the microwave.
把餐食放进微波炉之前,先去掉塑料(膜、包装)。
microwave 微波炉
take out 拿出,取出
Take the printer out of the box.
把打印机从箱子里拿出来。
attach / connect 连接
attach 连接,附上
Connect the wires.
连接导线。
wire(s) 电线,电缆,导线,金属丝
check / make sure 检查/确认
Check that the light is on.
检查灯是否亮。
continue / proceed 继续
Continue to stir until the mixture is thick.
继续搅拌,直到混合物变稠。
stir 搅拌,搅动
mixture 混合物
thick 浓稠的,浓的,厚的
plug in 接通(电源),插上……的插头
plug 动词,插,塞;名词,插头
Plug the modem in.
连接调制解调器。
modem 调制解调器,(上网)猫
put back / replace 装回,放回,复原
replace(词头re- 再,又,place 动词,放置,安放,摆)
replace 有两个意思:①把原来的东西再放置—>放回,装回,复原 = put back;②把另一个东西再放置—>更换,替换 = change
Replace the cover.
装好(回)盖子。/ 替换盖子。
Replace the cover after changing the battery.
更换电池后,装好(回)盖子。
It's important to … (make sure the electricity is off)
重要的是……(确定电源关上了/确保断电)
make sure 确保,确定,确认
sure 确定的,肯定的,毫无疑问的
It helps to … (wait for the light bulb to cool down)
……是有用的(等灯泡变凉)
句子结构:句子开头的 it 是形式主语,句子的真正主语是 to 后面的内容
cool down 变凉,冷却,平静下来
Be sure to … (turn off the electricity before you touch the light bulb)
一定要……(在你触摸灯泡之前先关掉电源)
Always … (wear gloves when you touch a light bulb)
一定要/千万要……(触摸灯泡时戴手套)
Never … (touch a socket with wet hands)
千万不要……(手湿着触摸插座)
在给别人instructions的时候,我们常会说一些提醒、注意的话,这些都是有固定句式的。
Remember: … (turn off the electricity before touching any cables)
记住:在触摸任何电缆之前,关闭电源。
Be careful not to … (touch any live wires)
小心不要……(触摸任何通电的电线)
Try to … (see if the light bulb is broken or just loose)
试着……(看看灯泡是坏了还是松了)
Try not to … (touch the light bulb with your hands)
尽量不要……(用手触摸灯泡)
You need to … (check the wattage of the light bulb first)
你需要……(先检查灯泡的瓦数)
instructions
用法说明,操作指南
[厨艺视频]
Beat four eggs, like this. Then add the flour gradually. Don't beat the eggs too much though.
像这样打四个鸡蛋,然后加入面粉。但不要过度搅拌鸡蛋。
beat (连续地)击打,搅拌
gradually 逐步地,逐渐地,平缓地
though 不过,可是,然而 =but
常用的表示顺序连接词,除了then(然后),还有 firstly(首先,第一),secondly(其次,第二),finally(最后)等。
Firstly, turn off the electricity.
Secondly, remove the light bulb.
Then, screw in the new light bulb.
Finally, turn the electricity on and switch on the light.
首先,关掉电源。
其次,拆下灯泡。
然后,拧上新灯泡。
最后,打开电源并打开灯。
electricity 电,电源,电能
remove 拆下,去掉,移开,拿开,除去
light bulb 电灯泡
screw in 拧上,screw 拧,拧紧
Firstly,secondly 也可以用 first,second
Then 也可以用 after that
祈使句还有两种情况:
(1)
在祈使句里,主要动词前面可以有人称代词,比如 you,这里 you 表示强调。
S:Can I leave the room?
T:No. You stay here.
S:我可以出去吗?
T:不行,你留在这。(这句语气非常强,请注意使用)
除了you,祈使句的主要动词前面还可以是 someone,somebody,no one,nobody,everyone,everybody(特别是口语里)。
Everybody sit down, please.
大家请坐。
Somebody call a doctor. Quick!
谁去叫大夫。快!
(2)
祈使句的主要动词前面还可以使用 do,让句子更有礼貌,更加正式。
[开始用餐时]
Do start. (很正式)
请用餐。
Do sit down and make yourself comfortable.
请坐,不用客气,请随意。
在简短回答中使用 do(不使用主要动词)。
A:Can I use your phone to call a taxi?
B:Do, of course, by all means.
A:我能用你的电话叫个车吗?
B:当然当然。
by all means 当然可以
因为祈使句非常直接,语气很强,所以使用时要注意语境。为了让祈使句听起来不那么直接,可以使用
just
please
if you wouldn't mind
来柔和祈使句的语气。
Take a seat. = Sit down.
Please take a seat.
Open the window. 打开窗户。
Open the window, please, if you wouldn't mind. 如果你不介意的话,请打开窗户。
Open the window a little more. 把窗户再打开一点儿。
Open the window a little more, please, if you wouldn't mind. 如果你不介意的话,请把窗户再打开一点儿。
[我和朋友Marina]
A: Marina, are you ready?
M: Just give me a minute, please.
祈使句用动词原形开头。
Sit down. 坐。
Come here. 过来。
Turn left. 向左拐。
Stop talking. 别讲话了。
如果是否定形式的祈使句,在动词前加上 do not 或 don't。
(Do not 更加正式,don't 更日常。)
Don't be late.
别迟到。
Don't go!
别走!
Don't push.
不要拥挤。不要推。
Do not walk on the grass.
请勿踩草地。
将上节课的句子变成否定形式的祈使句:
Sit down. —>
Don't sit down. 别坐下来。
Come here. —>
Don't come here. 别过来
Turn left. —>
Don't turn left. 不要向左拐。
Stop talking. —>
Don't stop talking. 不要停止说话。/继续说。
imperative
名词,祈使语气动词;极其重要,紧急,迫切
形容词,祈使语气的;极其重要的,紧急的,迫切的
当我们让别人做某事的时候,常会使用祈使句(命令、指示、建议、请求等)。
上节课最后一个句子
Will you be quiet, please!(请你们安静点好吗!)
用祈使句—> Be quiet! 安静!
Sit down. 坐。
Come here. 过来。
[家长对孩子说]
Eat your vegetables!
吃蔬菜!
Be careful!
小心!
[问路]
Turn left.
向左拐。
Turn left and go straight on.
向左拐,一直往前走。
Have fun.
玩开心点。
Enjoy your meal.
祝你用餐愉快。
[老师对学生们说]
Stop talking.
别讲话了。
Stop talking and open your books.
别讲话了,打开书。
Practise English for ten minutes a day!
每天练习十分钟英语!
From the publisher's feed