One Mic Black History

Henry Johnson while on watch in the Argonne Forest in France on May 14, 1918, he fought off a German raid, killing multiple German soldiers and rescuing a fellow soldier Private Needham Roberts while experiencing 21 wounds himself.

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https://www.army.mil/medalofhonor/johnson/
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/remembering-henry-johnson-the-soldier-called-black-death-117386701/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Johnson_(World_War_I_soldier)
https://www.nationalguard.mil/News/Article/1515966/wwi-hero-henry-johnson-fought-for-his-life-with-a-bolo-knife/
https://www.history.com/news/wwi-hero-henry-johnson-finally-receives-medal-of-honor

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In 1951, a Black woman named Henrietta Lacks was diagnosed with terminal cervical cancer. While she was being treated at Johns Hopkins University, a doctor named George Gey removed cells from her cervix without her permission and later discovered that Henrietta's cells could not only be kept alive, but would also grow indefinitely.

For the last 60 plus years Henrietta's cells have been cultured and used in experiments ranging from determining the long-term effects of radiation to studying COVID-19. Her cells were commercialized and have generated millions of dollars in profit for the medical researchers who patented her tissue.

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The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks
By Rebecca Skloot
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/henriettalacks/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrietta_Lacks
https://abcnews.go.com/US/henrietta-lacks-family-seeks-justice-grandchildren-sue-biotech/story?id=80539229
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02494-z

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Black Eden was the Town of Idlewild, Michigan, from 1912 through the mid-1960s. Idlewild had an active year-round community and was visited by black entertainers and musicians from all over the country. At its peak, it was one of the most popular resorts in the Midwest and as many as 25,000 would come to Idlewild in the height of the summer season.

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Black Eden The Idlewild Community
By Lewis Walker, Benjamin C. Wilson
Idlewild The Rise, Decline, and Rebirth of a Unique African American Resort Town
by Ronald J. Stephens
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idlewild,_Michigan
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/idlewild-michigan-1912 https://www.readex.com/blog/r-and-r-racism-idlewild-michigans-african-american-resort

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An explanation the life and death of Fred Hampton.

Hampton was a young, gifted leader with a talent for organizing people who would rise to become the chairman of the Black Panther Party’s Illinois chapter before being assassinated by the federal government.

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Black Against Empire
by Joshua Bloom and Waldo Martin
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Fred-Hampton
https://www.history.com/news/black-panther-fred-hampton-killing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Hampton
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/black-panther-party/

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The Scottsboro Boys were nine black teenagers falsely accused of raping two white women aboard a train near Scottsboro, Alabama, in 1931. The trials and repeated retrials of the Scottsboro Boys sparked an international uproar and produced two landmark U.S. Supreme Court verdicts

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https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/scottsboro-boys
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottsboro_Boys
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/scottsboro-boys-who-were-the-boys/
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/scottsboronine-black-youth-arrested-for-assault/
https://www.britannica.com/event/Scottsboro-case
https://www.aclu.org/other/aclu-history-tragedy-scottsboro-boys
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/who-were-scottsboro-nine-180977193/

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The Black Panther Party emerged at a time of political activism and excitement at the possibility of radical social change. While the Panthers rise was rapid and dramatic; its fall, slow and brutal. Ultimately a mix of Government repression, inter-organizational conflict, and strategic mistakes destroyed The Black Panther Party.

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Black Against Empire
by Joshua Bloom and Waldo Martin
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Black-Panther-Party
https://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/black-panthers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Panther_Party
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/black-panther-party/

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During the late 60's, The Black Panther Party grew more than any other Black liberation organization but with growth came government repression. The FBI saw The Black Panther Party as the "the greatest threat to the internal security of the country" and by 1969, the Panthers and their allies had become primary targets of COINTELPRO.

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Black Against Empire
by Joshua Bloom and Waldo Martin
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Black-Panther-Party
https://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/black-panthers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Panther_Party
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/black-panther-party/

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The Black Panthers, also known as the Black Panther Party, was a political organization founded in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale to challenge police brutality against the African American community. The Panthers eventually developed into a Marxist revolutionary group that called for the arming of all African Americans, the exemption of African Americans from the draft and from all sanctions of so-called white America, the release of all African Americans from jail, and the payment of compensation to African Americans for centuries of exploitation by white Americans. At its peak in the late 1960s, Panther membership exceeded 2,000, and the organization operated chapters in several major American cities.

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Black Against Empire
by Joshua Bloom and Waldo Martin
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Black-Panther-Party
https://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/black-panthers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Panther_Party
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/black-panther-party/

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Thurgood Marshall—perhaps best known as the first African American Supreme Court justice, He also had a profound contribution to the NAACP with his pursuit of racial justice and promoting racial equality during the civil rights movement. As a practicing attorney, Marshall argued a record-breaking 32 cases before the Supreme Court, winning 29 of them. During his 24-year term as Supreme Court justice, Marshall’s passionate support for individual and civil rights guided his policies and decisions. Most historians regard him as an influential figure in shaping social policies and upholding laws to protect minorities.

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Thurgood Marshall: American Revolutionary
Juan Williams
http://thurgoodmarshall.com/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall
https://www.oyez.org/justices/thurgood_marshall
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thurgood-Marshall
https://www.history.com/news/thurgood-marshall-had-a-secret-relationship-with-the-fbi
https://www.nytimes.com/1996/12/04/us/files-say-justice-marshall-aided-fbi-in-50-s.html

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Lynching, a form of violence in which a mob, under the pretext of administering justice without trial, executes a presumed offender, often after inflicting torture and corporal mutilation.

In the United States, lynchings of African Americans became frequent in the South during the period after the Reconstruction era till around the 1980s.


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Sources
https://eji.org/reports/lynching-in-america/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynching
https://www.britannica.com/topic/lynching

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