When Elon Musk canceled Tesla's affordable Model 2 last year to go all-in on Robotaxis, he may have made the most consequential decision in the company's history. As Chinese automaker BYD captures global market share with lower-cost vehicles and superior charging technology, has Tesla prematurely surrendered the market it created?

"In his mind, I think he ushered in the EV revolution for the world, and that problem is solved, and now he wants to move on to AI and robotics," said Bloomberg reporter Dana Hull.

This pivot comes as Tesla's growth story has fundamentally changed, with the company abandoning its promise of 50% year-over-year growth and its target of making 20 million cars annually by 2030. Meanwhile, the political transformation of Musk has created massive challenges for Tesla's brand. 

The departure of key executives has also left critical initiatives like virtual power plants and grid services without clear leadership, despite Tesla Energy showing promising growth.

This week, Dana Hull, veteran auto and tech reporter at Bloomberg who has covered Elon Musk's companies since 2009, joins us to discuss Tesla's strategic pivot and uncertain future in an increasingly competitive EV landscape. Dana is a regular contributor to the Elon, Inc. podcast.

"The company's product lineup is very murky right now," said Hull. Tesla's refreshed Model Y isn't selling as well as expected, and more consumers are refusing to buy from a company whose CEO has become so closely aligned with Donald Trump.  

With the Cybertruck underperforming and no affordable model in sight, is Tesla setting itself up for a painful reckoning? Or will AI and robotics justify the company’s trillion dollar valuation?

Get tickets for Transition-AI: Boston to see Open Circuit live, with Google’s Caroline Golin.

Open Circuit is supported by Kraken, the only proven, AI-powered operating system for utilities. Learn how Kraken helps unlock excellent customer experiences, increased innovation and reduced operational costs at kraken.tech.

Open Circuit is brought to you by On.Energy. As one of the fastest-growing battery storage IPPs, On.Energy delivers turnkey resiliency solutions for utilities and enterprise customers. Whether you’re managing data centers or local grids, we help bring storage to your fleet. Learn more at on.energy.

Credits: Co-hosted by Stephen Lacey, Jigar Shah, and Katherine Hamilton. Produced and edited by Stephen Lacey. Original music and engineering by Sean Marquand.

The Department of Energy is losing talent at an alarming rate. Described by insiders as a "hostile takeover," the agency's transformation under Trump has pushed out thousands of scientists, engineers, and policy experts. What's left behind are gutted offices, stalled infrastructure projects, and billions in funding commitments thrown into question. 

This isn't a typical government transition — it's a systematic dismantling of America's energy brain trust.

This week, we're joined by Latitude Media founding reporter Maeve Allsup, who has been breaking news on the transformation underway at DOE. Together with Jigar Shah, who ran the DOE's Loan Programs Office during the Biden administration, and policy expert Katherine Hamilton, we examine the real-world consequences of this agency-wide upheaval.

The chaotic transition has left companies in the dark about billions in committed funding. Meanwhile, career civil servants with decades of technical expertise find themselves reporting to appointees with little relevant experience — in one case, a 21-year-old former SpaceX intern with no energy background.

Energy Secretary Chris Wright outlines nine pillars for "American energy dominance" including nuclear expansion, grid strengthening, and critical minerals development. Yet the offices responsible for executing these priorities are being decimated. 

The long-term consequences could be severe: manufacturing investments delayed or canceled, critical scientific talent fleeing to other countries, and a fundamental erosion of trust in government as a reliable partner for energy development. We examine what this means for America's ability to compete globally in energy innovation and infrastructure development.

Get tickets for Transition-AI: Boston to see Open Circuit live, with Google’s Caroline Golin.

Open Circuit is supported by Kraken, the only proven, AI-powered operating system for utilities. Learn how Kraken helps unlock excellent customer experiences, increased innovation and reduced operational costs at kraken.tech.

Open Circuit is brought to you by On.Energy. As one of the fastest-growing battery storage IPPs, On.Energy delivers turnkey resiliency solutions for utilities and enterprise customers. Whether you’re managing data centers or local grids, we help bring storage to your fleet. Learn more at on.energy.

Credits: Co-hosted by Stephen Lacey, Jigar Shah, and Katherine Hamilton. Produced and edited by Stephen Lacey. Original music and engineering by Sean Marquand.

Alan Cooper and Ricardo de Azevedo have been business partners since they were teenagers. Today, they're tackling one of the most critical infrastructure challenges of the AI revolution: how to manage the massive, volatile power demands of modern data centers.

Founded in 2016, On.Energy has grown into an integrated energy storage company that designs, builds, and manages battery systems for customers across six countries. The company deploys batteries ranging from behind-the-meter commercial installations to utility-scale projects, specializing in what they call "distribution-level storage." 

As co-founders of On.Energy, Cooper and de Azevedo have developed a medium voltage uninterruptible power supply (UPS) that acts as a buffer between power-hungry AI data centers and the electrical grid. 

"We're discussing with a client that is developing a thousand-megawatt facility, and they were telling us the load swings are going to be 400 megawatts every 10 seconds," says Azevedo, CTO of On.Energy. "The grid is just not designed to handle that."

Their innovation takes traditional UPS technology, typically used for backup power, and transforms it into an active grid asset that can both protect sensitive computing equipment and provide grid services.

"From the utilities' perspective, you have a data center who is a dream customer 98% of the time, and an absolute nightmare in the 2% of the time when the grid is at its maximum strain," explains Alan Cooper, the company’s CEO. "If you have a dispatchable data center, then they become the perfect customer."

In this episode, produced in partnership with On.Energy, Stephen Lacey talks with Cooper and de Azevedo about the company's approach to enabling resilient, grid-interactive data centers with storage.

They discuss how their technology could solve power quality issues, while also creating new revenue opportunities through grid services.

This is a partner episode, brought to you by On.Energy. Learn more about how On.Energy delivers turnkey resiliency solutions for utilities and enterprise customers at on.energy.

This week, we’re asking the central question of the energy transition: How fast are we going?

Clean energy is bringing in $2 trillion of investment annually. Wind and solar now account for the vast majority of new electricity capacity globally. And we may already be at “peak trade” of fossil fuels.

And yet, when we look at the share of renewables in final energy consumption, they’re increasing only incrementally around the world. At the current linear pace, meaningful decarbonization may take decades longer than needed.

This week, we’re joined by one of the most prolific and respected market analysts for a 360-degree view of how the transition is playing out.

In this episode, Michael Cembalest, chairman of market and investment strategy for J.P. Morgan Asset & Wealth Management and author of the influential "Eye on the Market" newsletter, walks us through his annual energy analysis – a comprehensive assessment that covers dozens of economic and financial trends in energy.

This conversation has a little bit of everything. Cembalest walks us through his "scorpion bowl chart" that shows the gap between clean energy deployment and impact. We also dig into the transmission crisis, rising costs, equipment delays, and tariffs. And we cover the data center challenge, Europe’s economic challenges, and China’s rise.

But it’s not all gloomy. Cembalest also identifies where real progress is happening, and what a realistic path forward might look like. 

Open Circuit is supported by Kraken, the only proven, AI-powered operating system for utilities. Learn how Kraken helps unlock excellent customer experiences, increased innovation and reduced operational costs at kraken.tech.

Open Circuit is brought to you by On.Energy. As one of the fastest-growing battery storage IPPs, On.Energy delivers turnkey resiliency solutions for utilities and enterprise customers. Whether you’re managing data centers or local grids, we help bring storage to your fleet. Learn more at on.energy.

Credits: Co-hosted by Stephen Lacey, Jigar Shah, and Katherine Hamilton. Produced and edited by Stephen Lacey. Original music and engineering by Sean Marquand.

When tech giants build massive data centers to power AI, they're often negotiating confidential deals with utilities that few people will ever see — but that everyone might pay for. 

Harvard legal expert Ari Peskoe has uncovered a pattern across 40 state regulatory proceedings: special contracts between utilities and data centers being approved with minimal public scrutiny, potentially shifting billions in infrastructure costs to regular ratepayers.

With tech companies planning up to $1 trillion in spending on AI infrastructure, some utilities project their energy sales could nearly double by 2030. Are state regulators allowing utilities and tech companies to ink billion-dollar contracts, and pass the costs on to ratepayers without transparently proving the system-wide benefits?

This week, Ari Peskoe, Director of the Electricity Law Initiative at Harvard Law School, joins us to talk about the new report he co-authored, “How Utility Customers Are Paying for Big Tech’s Power.”

This hidden cost transfer is just one front in a broader battle over energy regulation. At the federal level, the White House is making an unprecedented grab for control over FERC, the independent commission governing interstate energy markets.

Meanwhile, another executive order gives the Department of Energy extraordinary authority to force struggling coal plants to stay open regardless of economics — creating what critics describe as a consumer-funded bailout for uneconomic generation. We talk with Ari about how these regulatory battles are shaping up, and why they could be so damaging.

Open Circuit is supported by Kraken, the only proven, AI-powered operating system for utilities. Learn how Kraken helps unlock excellent customer experiences, increased innovation and reduced operational costs at kraken.tech.

Open Circuit is brought to you by On.Energy. As one of the fastest-growing battery storage IPPs, On.Energy delivers turnkey resiliency solutions for utilities and enterprise customers. Whether you’re managing data centers or local grids, we help bring storage to your fleet. Learn more at on.energy.

Credits: Co-hosted by Stephen Lacey, Jigar Shah, and Katherine Hamilton. Produced and edited by Stephen Lacey. Original music and engineering by Sean Marquand.

The business world is facing a tsunami of uncertainty. Across nearly every industry, investment is seizing up amid unpredictable tariffs and contradictory domestic policies. 

In this week’s episode of Open Circuit, we examine how this compounding uncertainty is impacting clean energy during a critical moment of spiking demand and rising costs.

We dissect the signals from the market, revealing that despite the chaos, certain sectors are finding unexpected advantages. While utility-scale projects face delays, distributed generation is experiencing renewed interest as companies seek certainty through on-site solutions. Virtual power plants and grid-enhancing technologies may emerge as clear winners in an environment where traditional infrastructure planning has become extremely difficult.

Plus, we play a round of "Transmission Lines," testing our hosts' knowledge of the news through provocative energy quotes, and take live audience questions about the volatile landscape.

Open Circuit is supported by Kraken, the only proven, AI-powered operating system for utilities. Learn how Kraken helps unlock excellent customer experiences, increased innovation and reduced operational costs at kraken.tech.

Open Circuit is brought to you by On.Energy. As one of the fastest-growing battery storage IPPs, On.Energy delivers turnkey resiliency solutions for utilities and enterprise customers. Whether you’re managing data centers or local grids, we help bring storage to your fleet. Learn more at on.energy.

Credits: Co-hosted by Stephen Lacey, Jigar Shah, and Katherine Hamilton. Produced and edited by Stephen Lacey. Original music and engineering by Sean Marquand.

President Trump promised energy dominance. But his sweeping new tariffs are delivering the opposite – creating unprecedented uncertainty for every sector of the energy economy.

Faced with a market in revolt, the president blinked. Just hours after his tariffs went into effect, he put a 90-day pause on reciprocal tariffs, keeping a 10% baseline tariff and a 125% tariff on China. 

In this episode of Open Circuit, we examine the contradictions at the heart of the administration's economic agenda. With trade expert John Smirnow, we explore how the "biggest trade shock in history" is upending global supply chains, raising costs, and complicating America's energy future.

We dive into the philosophy driving trade populism — a growing intellectual movement now reaching the height of power. Smirnow explains the three-part strategy behind these tariffs: rebuilding domestic manufacturing, enhancing national security, and containing China's influence on global supply chains.

We unpack the mechanics of how these tariffs will impact clean energy specifically. Plus, we examine whether these tariffs signal a temporary disruption or the beginning of long-term U.S. policy. Will they accelerate reshoring of production or simply raise costs while slowing deployment? And how do businesses make investment decisions when policy signals are deeply contradictory and unstable?

Sign up for our live virtual show on April 16 at 1:00 PM Eastern. 

We'll also be live in person at Latitude's Transition-AI conference on June 12th in Boston with special guest Caroline Golin of Google.

Open Circuit is supported by Kraken, the only proven, AI-powered operating system for utilities. Learn how Kraken helps unlock excellent customer experiences, increased innovation and reduced operational costs at kraken.tech.

Open Circuit is brought to you by On.Energy. As one of the fastest-growing battery storage IPPs, On.Energy delivers turnkey resiliency solutions for utilities and enterprise customers. Whether you’re managing data centers or local grids, we help bring storage to your fleet. Learn more at on.energy.

Credits: Co-hosted by Stephen Lacey, Jigar Shah, and Katherine Hamilton. Produced and edited by Stephen Lacey. Original music and engineering by Sean Marquand.

It's fair to say the last decade was the climate era of the energy transition. From the Paris Agreement to corporate net zero pledges, reducing carbon emissions dominated the global framework for deploying clean energy. But something profound is shifting.

In this episode of Open Circuit, we explore how a new security-driven paradigm is replacing climate as the primary driver of energy investments. As supply chains fractured during the pandemic, Russia weaponized natural gas to Europe, and America's role in global trade changes, countries everywhere are asking: not just "how clean is our energy," but "how secure is it?"

We dissect a new investment thesis, called The New Joule Order, arguing energy security could accelerate clean energy adoption faster than the net-zero framework ever could. We examine the historical context of America's changing role in global energy security since World War II, and how the current fracturing of global trade is forcing all countries to think differently about energy systems.

We also examine whether investors are replacing "green versus brown" investment strategies with "tolling versus trading" strategies. Understanding how these assets generate revenue and respond to economic conditions may provide investors with a clearer roadmap during this transition — where certainty is increasingly hard to find.

Plus, we examine the growing chaos in Washington as the Trump administration targets billions in clean energy programs. Multiple "hit lists" circulating through federal agencies are aimed at canceling grants and loans to hydrogen, storage, and transmission projects — mostly in blue states. We explore what this means for America's role in the security-focused energy future.

Sign up for our live virtual show on April 16 at 1:00 PM Eastern. 

We'll also be live in person at Latitude's Transition-AI conference on June 12th in Boston with special guest Caroline Golin of Google.

Open Circuit is supported by Kraken, the only proven, AI-powered operating system for utilities. Learn how Kraken helps unlock excellent customer experiences, increased innovation and reduced operational costs at kraken.tech.

Open Circuit is brought to you by On.Energy. As one of the fastest-growing battery storage IPPs, On.Energy delivers turnkey resiliency solutions for utilities and enterprise customers. Whether you’re managing data centers or local grids, we help bring storage to your fleet. Learn more at on.energy.

Five years ago, as lockdowns swept the globe, we witnessed an energy shock that destroyed oil demand, upended electricity demand patterns, and dropped global emissions by staggering levels overnight. 

In this episode of Open Circuit, we revisit predictions made during those early uncertain days and examine three major paradoxes that emerged. 

First, how staying home rewired our physical and digital lives in ways that created surprising energy impacts. While transportation emissions initially plummeted, the widely predicted "death of cities" never materialized. Instead, we saw a complex reshuffling of urban populations, longer but less frequent commutes, and a data center boom that transformed tech companies into sophisticated energy players.

Then we explore how renewables defied expectations, growing 45% in 2020 despite supply chain chaos and project delays. As oil prices whipsawed, the volatility demonstrated the appeal of zero-fuel-cost clean energy, sparking the biggest investment boom in history. Yet public renewable companies have since been hammered in markets, revealing a disconnect between deployment reality and investor sentiment.

Finally, we analyze how the pandemic fractured the global policy response. While the EU embedded climate into its recovery, the US passed landmark clean energy legislation, and China accelerated both renewables and coal, the crisis also sparked deeper resistance to government intervention that continues to shape politics worldwide. Will the massive investments in decarbonization outweigh the policy whiplash we're now seeing?

Sign up for our merch sweepstakes here. And sign up for our live episode on April 16 here.

Open Circuit is supported by Kraken, the only proven, AI-powered operating system for utilities. Learn how Kraken helps unlock excellent customer experiences, increased innovation and reduced operational costs at kraken.tech.

Open Circuit is brought to you by On.Energy. As one of the fastest-growing battery storage IPPs, On.Energy delivers turnkey resiliency solutions for utilities and enterprise customers. Whether you’re managing data centers or local grids, we help bring storage to your fleet. Learn more at on.energy.

Credits: Co-hosted by Stephen Lacey, Jigar Shah, and Katherine Hamilton. Produced and edited by Stephen Lacey. Original music and engineering by Sean Marquand.

The residential solar industry is facing its most challenging period in years. High interest rates, sweeping policy change, and stubbornly high customer acquisition costs are all causing a contraction after years of rapid growth.

In this episode of Open Circuit, we examine this market transition. We’ll look at how the industry may emerge from the current downturn — through cost reduction, community-driven models, and evolving beyond a “bad product” to something that provides real grid services.

We’ll also talk about troubles at Sunnova, and what it means for the company’s $3 billion DOE loan guarantee. 

Plus, as data centers get creative about sourcing power, a novel solution: off-grid solar microgrids that could bypass grid constraints entirely. Recent analysis shows hybrid solar-gas systems could deliver power at costs competitive with conventional options. Is this an answer to the AI power crunch?

Sign up for our merch sweepstakes here. And sign up for our live episode on April 16 here.

Open Circuit is supported by Kraken, the only proven, AI-powered operating system for utilities. Learn how Kraken helps unlock excellent customer experiences, increased innovation and reduced operational costs at kraken.tech.

Open Circuit is brought to you by On.Energy. As one of the fastest-growing battery storage IPPs, On.Energy delivers turnkey resiliency solutions for utilities and enterprise customers. Whether you’re managing data centers or local grids, we help bring storage to your fleet. Learn more at on.energy.

Credits: Co-hosted by Stephen Lacey, Jigar Shah, and Katherine Hamilton. Produced and edited by Stephen Lacey. Original music and engineering by Sean Marquand.