The causes, physiology, signs & symptoms, and treatment of cardiac tamponade as an ACLS H&T reversible cause of cardiac arrest.

When blood, or other fluids, accumulate in the sac around the heart it’s called a cardiac tamponade or pericardial tamponade.

The effects of tamponade on the electrical system and chambers of the heart.

Cardiac tamponade can be acute or chronic and caused by traumatic, iatrogenic, or pathological etiologies.

Common traumatic events, medical procedures, and diseases that can result in a pericardial tamponade.

Signs & symptoms of cardiac tamponade.

Treatment of cardiac tamponade with pericardiocentesis.

For additional information on cardiac tamponade, check out the Pod Resources page at PassACLS.com.

Good luck with your ACLS class!

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The role of team leader, code team responsibilities, and the use of reference cards during your ACLS class megacode and written exam.

Two things have changed in recent years to aid students that don't use ACLS in their daily practice.

The team leader’s roles and responsibilities.

Using closed-loop communication and speaking up if there’s any doubt about an order or action.

Use of your course’s approved text book and quick reference cards during the megacode and written exam.

Tips to help you pass the ACLS written exam.

Good luck with your ACLS class!

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Early CPR and defibrillation improve cardiac arrest outcomes. Here's why CPR is important and five ACLS tips to reduce CPR interruptions.

Two factors to cardiac arrest survivability that have been clearly shown to make the most difference.

The most common dysrhythmia present during the first few minutes of cardiac arrest.

How our chance of successfully defibrillating a patient into a perfusing rhythm significantly changes when good CPR is delivered vs when it isn't.

Why bystander CPR is important for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcomes.

The role of the CPR coach.

Five tips to aid us in limiting CPR interruptions to less than 10 seconds so we can maintain a chest compression fraction (CCF) of at least 80%.

Good luck with your ACLS class!

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The use of quantitative waveform capnography in ACLS to confirm good CPR and placement of an ET tube, identify ROSC, and during post-cardiac arrest care.

Waveform capnography use with, and without, an advanced airway in place.

Monitoring end tidal CO2 during rescue breathing.

Use of capnography to objectively measure good CPR.

Capnography is a preferred method of confirming endotracheal tube (ETT) placement over x-ray during a code.

Identifying ROSC during CPR.

Quantitative waveform capnography use in the post-cardiac arrest algorithm.

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Review of vagal maneuvers and alternative treatments used in ACLS for stable patients with tachycardia at a rate over 150 bpm.

Narrow complex tachycardia with a rate over 150 BPM.

Unstable patients in SVT, or V-Tach with a pulse, should be cardioverted with a synchronized shock.

Assessment & treatment of stable tachycardic patients.

Commonly used vagal techniques.

A less common technique to stimulate the vagus nerve.

Indications and use of Adenosine.

Possible treatments for patients found to be in A-Fib or A-Flutter with RVR after administration of Adenosine.

Carotid sinus massage.

Additional medical podcasts that have episodes on tachycardia can be found on the pod resources page at passacls.com.

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Review the energy settings needed for defibrillation and/or synchronized cardioversion using an AED, biphasic, or monophasic defibrillator.

Defibrillators three basic categories.

Use of an AED to rapidly deliver a shock.

Advantages & use of biphasic defibrillators.

Energy for monophasic defibrillators to defibrillate V-Fib or pulseless V-Tach.

AED safety.

Cardioversion of patients in unstable SVT or V-Tach with a pulse using biphasic vs monophasic monitor/defibrillators.

Team safety when performing synchronized cardioversion.

Energy needed to cardiovert unstable patients with a narrow vs wide complex tachycardia.

**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser

This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.

I hope you'll consider contributing.

Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer!

Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylor

THANK YOU for your support!

Good luck with your ACLS class!

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Bradycardia review including: stable vs unstable patients; assessment & monitoring; and ACLS treatment with Atropine, TCP, Dopamine, & Epinephrine drips.

Signs & symptoms that indicate a bradycardic patient is unstable.

Monitoring oxygen saturation with pulse oximetry and indications for administration of oxygen.

Calcium channel blockers and beta blocker medication as treatable causes of bradycardia.

The indications and dosage of Atropine.

Precautions for Atropine use in patients with second or third degree AV blocks.

The use of transcutaneous pacing (TCP) for unstable bradycardic patients refractory to Atropine.

The use and dosing of Dopamine and Epinephrine drips.

For additional information about causes and treatment of bradycardia, check out the pod resources page at PassACLS.com.

**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser

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I hope you'll consider contributing.

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Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylor

THANK YOU for your support!

Good luck with your ACLS class!

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Review the ACLS treatment goals and targeted temperature management (TTM) for post-arrest patients that have return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).

The goal of CPR.

Post-arrest care and recovery are the final two links in the chain of survival.

Identification of ROSC during CPR.

Initial patient management goals after identifying ROSC.

The patient’s GCS/LOC should be evaluated to determine if targeted temperature management (TTM) is indicated.

Recently published studies on TTM and ACLS’s current standard.

Monitoring the patient’s core temperature during TTM.

Patients can undergo EEG, CT, MRI, & PCI while receiving TTM.

**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser

This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.

I hope you'll consider contributing.

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Good luck with your ACLS class!

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Review the chain of survival for cardiac and stroke emergencies and describe why strong EMS relations and specialized teams have better patient outcomes.

The chain of survival for ACLS is the same as was learned in your BLS class.

The beginning steps of the Cardiac Emergency and Stroke chain of survival.

ACLS's timed goals for first medical contact to PCI for STEMI and door-to-needle for ischemic stroke.

Characteristics of areas that have significantly better stroke and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes.

**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser

This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.

I hope you'll consider contributing.

Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer!

Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylor

THANK YOU for your support!

Good luck with your ACLS class!

Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor

Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/save

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Review of hypokalemia & hyperkalemia as reversible H&T causes of cardiac arrest including: medical conditions, ECG changes, lab values, and treatment.

Heart muscle contraction and repolarization is dependent on Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, and Potassium ions crossing cellular membranes.

When a patient’s potassium levels get too low or too high, hypokalemia or hyperkalemia results respectively.

Two things that may lead us to suspect hypo or hyperkalemia.

Medical conditions & medications that can cause potassium imbalance.

ECG changes seen in hypo and hyperkalemia.

Critical lab values that would indicate a need for treatment.

Emergent, ACLS interventions for hypokalemia and hyperkalemia.

Additional information on causes of hypo and hyperkalemia can be found on Ninja Nerd podcast.  Check out the pod resources page at passacls.com.

**American Cancer Society (ACS) Fundraiser

This is the seventh year that I'm participating in Men Wear Pink to increase breast cancer awareness and raise money for the American Cancer Society's life-saving mission.

I hope you'll consider contributing.

Every donation makes a difference in the fight against breast cancer!

Paul Taylor's ACS Fundraiser Page: http://main.acsevents.org/goto/paultaylor

THANK YOU for your support!

Good luck with your ACLS class!

Buy Me a Coffee at https://buymeacoffee.com/paultaylor

Free Prescription Discount Card - Get your free drug discount card to save money on prescription medications for you and your pets: https://safemeds.vip/save

Pass ACLS Web Site - Other ACLS-related resources:  https://passacls.com

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