Pure Dog Talk

Laura Reeves visits with Lianna Shepard, Senior Manager for New Business Models at Purina, to talk about how modern technology is reshaping the purebred dog community. At the center of this technological shift is the newly updated MyPurina app, which has evolved from a simple rewards program into a comprehensive, handheld digital assistant for both pet owners and preservation breeders. Designed to streamline the transition when puppies go to their new homes, the app acts as a digital handoff tool that replaces or complements traditional paper folders with instant, expert-backed support right in the new owner's pocket. By integrating personalized guidance, AI assistance and professional animal behavior enrichment, Purina leverages technology to build a supportive ecosystem that ensures a happy, healthy life for dogs and cats across all life stages.

• Modernizing Go-Home Day:Traditionally, breeders sent new puppy buyers home with physical health folders and paper pamphlets. The MyPurina app serves as a modern digital alternative, making it far easier to transition a puppy to their new home by providing the buyer with an immediate, structured support system right on their phone.
• Confidence and Peace of Mind:By sending puppy buyers to the app, breeders can rest assured that new owners have a reliable, expert-backed resource to navigate the first weeks of puppy ownership. New buyers get immediate help, which mitigates anxiety and ensures the pet is cared for according to Purina's rigorous nutritional and behavior standards.
• Rewards Integration:Breeders who send puppies home on Pro Plan can confidently recommend the app knowing that buyers will earn rewards on all purchases, regardless of the retailer. New owners can even purchase directly inside the app to earn points automatically without needing to manually upload receipts.
• For Owners: Personalized, Handheld SupportTailored Pet Profiles:Owners can input specific details like age, breed, and dietary restrictions to build a custom profile. The app leverages this data to provide personalized recommendations on exactly what food and litter to buy, alongside dynamic feeding guides that adjust as the pet transitions from puppyhood to their senior years.
• "Allie" Virtual Pet Assistant:To prevent search overload, the app features "Allie," an in-app virtual assistant powered by Purina's vast library of expert content. Owners can ask Allie quick, real-time questions about potty training, food specifications, or general care tips instead of scrolling through endless search engines.
• "Happy" Enrichment Program:Designed by Purina behaviorist and enrichment specialist Alex Johnson, "Happy" is an exclusive, multi-week bonding program. It teaches owners how to engage in daily, 15-minute household activities to build a stronger connection with their dogs or cats, complete with instructional guides on reading animal body language and micro-challenges for new pets.

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1. From a Sold Saddle to Siberian Huskies: Donna's Early Years

• The $35 Beagle: Donna shares how she sold her horse saddle at age 11 to buy her first purebred Beagle puppy, who went on to become a champion at her very first dog show.
• Becoming a Professional Handler: After breeding Siberian Huskies in Olmsted Falls, Ohio, Donna worked hard to earn her AKC handling license, committing to perfection and developing an expert "eye for a dog".
• The Birth of Elfwish: How a chance meeting with Sandy Wolfskill led to co-owning the number-one Pembroke Welsh Corgi bitch in the country and creating the "Elfwish" kennel name, inspired by a Corgi named Wishin and a small elf statue.

1. Falling in Love with the Dandie Dinmont

• Meeting Elsbeth: Initially finding them "funny looking," Donna was won over by Elsbeth, a Dandie Dinmont breeder Betty-Anne Stenmark selected for them. Elsbeth went on to win the specialty that weekend and even charmed actor Orlando Bloom in first class on the flight home.
• Crufts Success with Kevin:Donna reflects on her "heart dog," Kevin, who won second at the Terrier Group at Crufts and became a cornerstone stud dog for their breeding program, siring national winners for years.

1. Deep Dive into Structure, Type, and Movement

• The Danger of Over-Sizing: Donna warns that many modern Dandies are being bred too large, explaining that a head that is too big or a dog with incorrect proportions cannot properly enter and exit a burrow to do its historical job.
• The Anatomy of a Working Terrier:
  • The Rib Cage: A long rib cage is vital to protect the dog's internal organs from badgers, paired with a slightly shorter loin.
  • The Topline: Dandies have a highly specific, slight topline rise that is easily bred incorrectly, warning against "roached" backs or rear-high structures.
  • Fronts and Feet: A correct front assembly requires a "wrap around" and strong, tight feet and toes so the dog can dig.
  
  

1. The Art and Challenge of Grooming

• Three Coat Textures: Grooming a Dandie is notoriously difficult because of their three distinct textures (the harsh outer coat, soft medium coat, and inner coat).
• Stripping and Scissoring: Donna discusses the necessity of stripping dead hair weekly to prevent the dog’s proportions from looking distorted, emphasizing that a bad grooming job can obscure a great dog, while expert grooming can make a poor structure look passable to untrained eyes.

1. Hard-Hitting Advice for Breed Preservation

• Type-to-Type Breeding: Donna strongly advocates for breeding "type-to-type" and line breeding, choosing pairs with highly similar physical styles rather than chasing superficial "all-breed winner" studs, which often results in a "mishmash" litter.
• The Value of Mentorship: Her primary advice for newcomers is to find a trusted mentor, stick with them, and ignore political gossip. She urges established breeders to open their arms and support new exhibitors rather than pushing them away.
• Temperament is Non-Negotiable: Donna explains that showmanship is "90% of it," requiring a bold, tail-wagging dog with a stable, friendly temperament. She urges socialization through puppy classes and cautions against placing unstable temperaments in companion homes.
• Dandie Reproduction: Insights on the difficulty of breeding Dandies, including Donna's success with side-by-side artificial insemination (AI) on a table, the necessity of pre-whelping x-rays and ultrasounds, and managing selective C-sections.

Veterinary geneticist and dog breeder Dr. Angela Hughes joins host Laura Reeves to break down how breeders can leverage genetic testing to preserve their breed’s future, balance breed standards with genetic diversity and avoid the devastating traps of popular sires. Drawing from her extensive career, including her pioneering work at Wisdom Panel where she launched the "Optimal Selection" genetic matching tools, Dr. Hughes demystifies the complex puzzle of dog breeding. Together, they explore how to balance conformation, temperament, and health with the critical need for genetic diversity, offering practical, forward-thinking strategies for breeders dedicated to the long-term sustainability of their breeds. Key TakeawaysThe Breeder's Puzzle: A Multi-Dimensional Balancing Act

Dog breeding is a complex puzzle where breeders must balance multiple co-equal factors:

• Conformation & Type: Preserving the physical standards of the breed.
• Temperament:A critical component for companion and working dogs alike. As Dr. Hughes notes, a beautiful dog you cannot live with serves little purpose.
• Health & Working Ability: Maintaining the physical and functional integrity of the line.
• Genetic Diversity: Ensuring long-term breed sustainability. Over-focusing on any single factor (including diversity) can compromise the others, but ignoring diversity risks losing the breed entirely to fertility issues and genetic health consequences over the next century.

1. Pedigree COI vs. Genetic COI: Why Littermates Aren't Identical

A major point of confusion in the breeding community is how inbreeding is calculated:

• Pedigree Coefficient of Inbreeding (COI):A purely mathematical, black-and-white calculation based on pedigree records. It assumes a standard 50/50 inheritance from each parent and treats all littermates as genetically identical. It also assumes that the "founders" (the furthest generation in the pedigree) are genetically unique individuals, which is often an underestimate of actual relatedness.
• Genetic COI: An analysis of the actual DNA inherited by an individual dog. Because mother nature distributes DNA randomly, littermates are fraternal twins rather than identical twins and can inherit completely different percentages of ancestral DNA.
• Low COI ≠ Guaranteed Health: While lower genetic COIs generally correlate with a lower risk of health issues, a low COI is not a zero-risk guarantee, nor does a higher COI guarantee an unhealthy dog.

1. "Breed More Dogs, Fewer Times" to Avoid the Popular Sire Trap

The "popular sire" syndrome remains one of the most damaging forces in purebred dog breeding.

• The Golden Retriever Study: Dr. Hughes references a landmark 2008 study (Calboli et al.) analyzing ten breeds. In Golden Retrievers, despite having over 31,000 dogs in the registry, the "effective population size" (genetically unique individuals) was just 67, largely because 10% of the males sired over 100 offspring each.
• Painting Breeds into a Corner: Concentrating a breed's genetics in a few famous sires can bottleneck the entire gene pool. If a popular sire is later discovered to carry a severe, late-onset genetic defect, the entire breed is "painted into a corner" with no easy way to breed out of it.
• The Strategy: Breed more individual males less frequently. Rather than everyone breeding to the number-one show dog, breeders should consider high-quality siblings or relatives that carry the same genetic material but help distribute the breed's genetic load.

1. Health Testing: A Guide for "Who to Breed To," Not "Who to Exclude"

• Find Compatible Mates, Don't Create Bottlenecks: Health and genetic testing should not be used to eliminate every dog that isn't "genetically perfect." Disqualifying all carriers or dogs with minor health clearances drastically shrinks the gene pool, accelerating genetic bottlenecks.
• Manage, Don't Exclude: Use testing to identify compatible, clear mates for carriers, ensuring that valuable genetic lines are preserved while avoiding the expression of recessive diseases.

1. Practical Steps for Preserving Breed Diversity

• Freeze Semen Horizontally: Save semen from promising males, including siblings of top-winning dogs that may not be extensively shown, to preserve their unique genetic contributions for future generations.
• Look Three-Dimensionally: Plan breedings not just for the immediate litter, but thinking 2-3 generations ahead to ensure options remain open.
• Utilize Genetic Matching Tools: Use modern genetic testing databases to assess the genetic compatibility of proposed pairs before breeding, striving to maintain or improve upon the breed's average diversity.
• Success in Action: In a genetic diversity study of the low-population Dandie Dinmont Terrier, utilizing genetic compatibility testing helped increase registered puppy litter sizes from an average of 2.11 to 3.75 (with some litters reaching 6) without sacrificing conformation or quality.
• Resources & Links MentionedStudy Cited: Calboli et al. (2008) – Analysis of population structure and inbreeding in UK pedigree dogs.
• Angela Hughes wegsite-https://www.dna-dvm.com
• Previous Pure Dog Talkepisode.

• From Schnauzers to Dandies: The Early Lessons of Sportsmanship
  • Emma began her journey with Miniature Schnauzers, learning the ropes of grooming, showing and standard analysis from a generous mentor who modeled impeccable sportsmanship and grace in defeat.
  • Her early love for the Dandie Dinmont Terrier eventually led her to seek out the breed, though she faced the hurdle of only one active breeder remaining in Australia at the time.
  
  

• The Quest for the Foundation Bitch: Flying to the UK
  • Determined to acquire a top-tier foundation bitch, Emma traveled to the UK. She studied the breed standard obsessively and chose a bitch at a Birmingham show purely based on her own standard evaluation rather than the judge’s placement.
  • Through the generosity of a prominent UK breeder, Emma secured her foundation bitch in 1992 (arriving in Australia in 1993), which she later bred to a respected male acquired from New Zealand expats.
  
  

• Emma recounts the history of Dandie Dinmonts in Australia, noting they were reintroduced in 1969 by Mary McCall (initially a Westie breeder) using imports from the famous Bellmead Kennels.
• She shares the chilling story of Bellmead maid Peggy Hume, who described the tragic loss of bloodlines during WWII, wheeling down deceased dogs in wheelbarrows due to extreme wartime starvation.
• Other early Australian pioneers of the breed ultimately drifted away from Dandies because establishing lines and winning against flashy terriers was exceptionally difficult.

• The Advantage of Isolation: Rejecting the "Cookie-Cutter" Recipe
  • While isolation in Australia presented logistical hurdles, Emma credits it as a blessing. Without local handlers or a dominant local show trend to emulate, she was forced to deeply interrogate the breed standard to guide her grooming and breeding choices.
  • She warns against "recipe grooming"—where exhibitors blindly copy winning handlers without understanding why. Interrogating the standard yourself builds a detailed eye for puppies and prevents kennel blindness.
  
  

• Coming from Miniature Schnauzers, Emma highlights the stark contrast in grooming: Schnauzers are about sharp, square lines and dramatic skirts.
• Dandies, by contrast, are defined by soft, natural curves. Emma notes that the standard explicitly calls for the body color to gradually merge into the leg furnishings, rather than displaying a sharp, abrupt line or skirt.

• Breeding Priorities: Multi-Generational Planning in a "Gene Puddle"
  • Emma describes the reality of breeding a rare breed with highly restricted genetics. Referencing Betty-Anne Stenmark’s famous description, she notes that Dandie breeders are working in a "gene puddle" rather than a gene pool, where all living dogs trace back to just two 19th-century stud dogs.
  • Because she is the sole active breeder in her region, Emma must plan 3 to 4 generations ahead to ensure genetic diversity and preserve future combination options.
  • While she predominantly line breeds, she occasionally imports outside lines. Her selection criteria post-outcross focus heavily on keeping puppies that resemble the Jolly Gaze style while selecting for softer, more pet-friendly temperaments.
  
  

• If summarized, the hallmark of the Dandie Dinmont lies in its outline and headpiece.
• Emma champions the preservation of the word "Weasley" (present in UK, Canadian, and original standards, but omitted from the US standard in the 1970s), which beautifully captures the breed's distinct curvy silhouette and athletic capability.

• Drawing on her PhD research, Emma discusses how modern breed concepts didn't exist before 1820. She notes that while working "utility" drove early types, the 19th-century middle class artificially shaped breed standards to elevate the dogs' social status.
• Looking ahead, Emma voices concern about the aging community, rising administrative regulations and the lack of young exhibitors learning to groom. She sees Asia's rising middle class as a shining hope for the future of purebred dogs.

• "It Should Be About the Dogs, Not Modeling":Critics argue that the event focuses too heavily on glitz and glamour rather than the animals themselves. Caroline responds that looking only at the fashion show is a superficial reading of the project. For her, the high-fashion couture is simply a striking visual "hook" designed to grab the public's attention so breeders can "reel them in" and share their passion.
• The Question of Diversity:Early social media promotions led to questions about whether the lineup would only feature "two skinny white girls with blonde hair" or a highly exclusive group of young, pretty people. Caroline notes that these concerns, while valid, were premature. As the project rolls out its eight founding members, including Willie Santiago from South America, the lineup represents a wide variety of heights, genders, skin tones, weights and body shapes.
• Breaking the "1986" Mentality:Dog enthusiasts are famously conservative and bound to tradition. Caroline admits she is highly traditional herself, but agrees with Laura who argues that "doing the same thing over and over and expecting a different result" is insanity. With dog shows losing public support and battling anti-breeder sentiment for decades, she argues it is time to step out of the comfort zone. If the event fails, "we tried" and everyone can have a good laugh at Caroline falling on her face on a runway, she says. But if it succeeds, it opens invaluable doors for the sport.

• Daily "Behind-the-Scenes" Care:The core of the project is the professional film crew capturing the breeders' daily lives. Caroline wants to bust the public misconception that show dogs are simply kept "in a box somewhere" and only taken out to run in circles on Thanksgiving Day. Through social media and behind-the-scenes content, they will show that these dogs are celebrated athletes who receive top-tier conditioning, exercise, mental stimulation, and love.
• A Proven Blueprint for Modern Marketing:Caroline shares fascinating research comparing dog show television ratings to horse racing. While the Kentucky Derby saw declining ratings for years, they turned it around and skyrocketed viewership using two modern tools: a massive TikTok influencer and a behind-the-scenes Netflix documentary. The Elite Runway Experience hopes to use this exact blueprint to reach a younger, digital-first generation through platforms like TikTok and Instagram.
• Spotlighting Rare Breeds:For Caroline, a major motivation for participating is her breed, the Kuvasz. Because the Kuvasz is so rare that even many dog people don't know what they are, having her dog Natasha on a national, highly visible stage is an invaluable preservation opportunity.

• The Spark of a Historic Partnership: Sandra shares the story of meeting Betty-Anne at a handling class, a chance encounter that led to Betty-Anne gifting Sandra her very first Dandie, "Kings Mountain Mousetrap," and cementing a 25-year breeding partnership.
• A Shared Vision for a Distinct Type: Working hand-in-hand, Sandra and Betty-Anne established an internationally recognized breed type. Sandra explains their 50-year joint commitment to never compromising on correct front assemblies, classic heads, athletic movement, and the signature long outline.
• Navigating the "Gene Puddle" Together: Sandra discusses managing a rare breed's limited gene pool (coined a "gene puddle" by Betty-Anne). By combining their expertise, they utilized tight line breeding, imported frozen semen from across the globe, and coordinated artificial inseminations to safely preserve the line.
• Honest Evaluation and Ruthless Selection: Mentorship requires tough, honest decisions. Sandra details how she and Betty-Anne evaluate slow-maturing puppies at 10 weeks and why maintaining breed integrity means placing dogs with significant faults into happy companion homes.
• Preserving the "Stand-Up" Terrier Temperament: Sandra emphasizes the importance of protecting the athletic, working drive of the Dandie Dinmont. She shares her dedication to keeping the "terrier in the terrier" through active socialization, barn hunt sports, and earthdog trials.
• Passing the Torch to the Next Generation: True partnership extends beyond a single lifetime. Sandra highlights how she is actively paying her mentorship forward by guiding two to three promising young breeders to ensure the King’s Mountain legacy continues to thrive.

One distinction between Sloughi and Azawakh is the Moroccan dogs will have no white markings, Wyatt said.[/caption] Host Laura Reeves is joined by Erika Wyatt to explore the AKC's least popular fully recognized breed: the fascinating and rare Sloughi. Called "the best-kept secret in the AKC," this ancient, intuitive breed has a rich history and an unparalleled devotion to its owners. Erika dives deep into the breed's origins in the North African Maghreb, where they were bred as hunting and guarding companions by nomadic Bedouins and Berbers. She explains what makes them distinct from Azawakhs and Salukis, what it's truly like to live with these sensitive and clean "telepathic" hounds, and their surprising versatility in dog sports. In this episode, you’ll learn:The Ancient History:How the Sloughi transitioned from a nomadic desert hunter to an AKC-recognized breed.

• Sloughi vs. Azawakh vs. Saluki:The crucial physical, structural, and temperamental differences between these three unique sighthounds.
• Living with a Sloughi:Their sensitive, clean natures, minimal grooming requirements, and why they excel with intuitive, thoughtful owners.
• Exercise & Training:Why they need daily opportunities to gallop but don't require you to be a marathon runner yourself.
• How to Find One:With only 12 litters in the US in the last decade, how you can connect with responsible code-of-ethics breeders.

If you've ever been curious about this elegant, loyal, and rare breed, this is the ultimate deep dive! More information from the Parent Club HERE.

Sandy Wolfskill showing a Dandie to Anne Katona.[/caption] Pure Dog Talk host Laura Reeves sits down with Elfwish Kennels' Sandy Wolfskill to explore the art of preservation breeding, global pedigree collaboration and what it truly takes to safeguard the historic Dandie Dinmont Terrier for the next generation.

• From Corgis to Dandies:Sandy shares how a ring-stewarding gig in Pennsylvania first introduced her to Dandie Dinmont Terriers, detailing how she fell in love with their "little person in a dog body" personality before acquiring her first Dandie bitch from Betty-Anne Stenmark in 2004.
• A Global Preservation Network:Sandy emphasizes the power of international breeding partnerships, highlighting her work with Emma Greenway in Australia and her decision to transfer the Elfwish Frozen Semen Bank to Harriet Buckley in England to empower the next generation of breeders.
• The Pillars of Breed Type:Drawing from author Richard Beauchamp, Sandy breaks down the five core pillars of breed type: character, silhouette, head and expression, a penciled double-coat, and free, smooth movement.
• Breeding Philosophy and Selection:From running "what-if" pedigrees on her computer to assessing wet puppies the second they are born, Sandy explains why line breeding beats constant outcrossing, and why breeders must be brutally honest about faults, especially when it comes to fronts.
• Defining Success in the Ring and Home:Sandy explains that preserving this historic Scottish farm dog is about finding a balance between maintaining physical breed standards, preserving correct, livable temperaments, and, above all, having fun.

[caption id="attachment_16944" align="alignleft" width="300"] Stacy Duncan and one of her Irish Water Spaniels.[/caption] Host Laura Reeves sits down with lifelong dog handler, breeder, and Westminster Best Junior winner Stacy Duncan to celebrate "Love the Breeds Month" with a captivating look at the rare and remarkable Irish Water Spaniel (IWS). Often described as a curly-haired powerhouse packed with personality, this ancient breed is one of the original eight recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC). Stacy shares what makes these dogs incredibly unique, from their physical adaptations to their legendary intellect and quirky sense of humor. Key Takeaways from this Episode:

• A Fearless Heritage Built for Bogs:Originally developed in Ireland to retrieve game from treacherous, shiftingpeat bogs, the IWS possesses incredible lung capacity and physical resilience. Stacey describes their relentless drive to hunt, detailing how they will fearlessly dive straight through thick blackberry brambles to retrieve a bird.
• The Practical Purpose Behind the Features:The breed’s unique anatomy is entirely functional. Their famous"rat tail" acts as a natural rudderin rough waters. Meanwhile, their tight, curly coat includes a thick ear-to-earbeard to protect their throatand atopknot to shield their eyesfrom sharp sticks and briars in the field.
• "With Great Intelligence Comes Great Responsibility":Stacy warns that these dogs are thinkers. They are brilliant enough to learn almost anything. Stacy even highlights an IWS service dog who learned to run a washing machine and insert coins. But if you don't challenge their minds, they will find creative (and often unauthorized) ways to entertain themselves.
• The Curly Coat Reality Check:Because they have hair rather than fur, they are highly hypoallergenic-ish and do not go through massive seasonal sheds. However, their tight curls will "pelt" if not properly maintained. Stacy advises owners to keep utility coats clipped to about two inches and emphasizes the absolute necessity of combing all the way down to the skin.
• Aloof Judges of Character:While they are incredibly snuggly and devoted to their "inner circle," the breed standard labels them"aloof with strangers". Stacy explains that this isn't shyness or fear, but rather a dignified observation period where the dog is actively judging your character before deciding if you're worth their time.

Whether you are looking for an elite sporting partner, a versatile obedience competitor, or just a goofy companion who thinks their own "dad jokes" are hilarious, the Irish Water Spaniel is a breed that is impossible to ignore.

Veteran breeder Kay Simpson of Tarwathie Dandies shares the precise combination of physical structure and gentle disposition that defines this rare, historic breed:

• Temperament First and Foremost:In a group known for fiery attitudes, the Dandie Dinmont stands out as a uniquelylaid-back, non-aggressive terrier. Kay ranks temperament as the absolutenumber one priorityin her breeding program.
• The Defining Head:Widely regarded as a "head breed," a correct Dandie must feature alarge, perfectly proportioned headwith expressive eyes, specific ear placement and strong jaw.
• The Curvaceous Topline:Unlike a flat-backed dachshund, a true Dandie requires adistinctive curved toplinerising from the shoulders, arching over the loins, and dropping gently to the tail. This curve is structurally vital to prevent back issues, according to Kay.
• Turned-Out Front Legs:In Kay's telling, true Dandies do not have perfectly straight front legs. Theirfront legs must be slightly turned outto allow them to push dirt to the side rather than under their bellies when going to ground.
• The "Tarwathie" Backstory:The mythical kennel name was chosen by Kay's late husband. He discovered it in a document describing amythical location on the outskirts of Scotland, right off the island. Because the place was entirely mythical, they knewno other breeder would ever have it, making it the perfect unique identity for their line.
• Strategic Breeding for Fertility:While the typical Dandie Dinmont litter is a small three to four puppies, Kay actively fought the breed's declining numbers byfavoring and selecting highly fertile bitch lines. Rather than spending time on bitches that only produced one or two puppies, she bred prolific mothers who consistently deliveredlitters of five to seven puppies. This strategic focus on maternal fertility has successfully helped to increase the breed's population and public visibility.