A vagrant, drifter or a vagabond is a person, often in poverty, who wanders from place to place without a home or regular employment or income. Other synonyms include “tramp,” “hobo,” and “scamp”. A vagrant could be described as being “a person without a settled home or regular work who wanders from place to place and lives by begging”; vagrancy is the condition of such persons.
Both “vagrant” and “vagabond” ultimately derive from Latin word vagari “wander.” The term “vagabond” is derived from Latin vagabundus. In Middle English, “vagabond” originally denoted a criminal.
In colonial America, anyone who wandered into a town and did not find work was told to leave town or face prosecution.
After the American Civil War, the Southern United States passed Black Codes, laws that tried to control freed slaves. Vagrancy laws were included in these codes. Homeless unemployed Black Americans were arrested and fined as vagrants. Usually, the person could not afford the fine, and so was sent to work in convict leasing camps. In these camps is where they would remain, “paying their debt”, and inevitably be re-enlisted back into slavery by white slave holders.
Since at least as early as the 1930s, a vagrancy law in America typically has rendered “no visible means of support” a misdemeanor, yet it has commonly been used as a pretext to take one into custody for such things as loitering, prostitution, drunkenness, or criminal association.
In the 1960s, laws proven unacceptably broad and vague were found to violate the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.[citation needed] Such laws could no longer be used to obstruct the “freedom of speech” of a political demonstrator or an unpopular group. Ambiguous vagrancy laws became more narrowly and clearly defined.
In Papachristou v. City of Jacksonville, 405 U.S. 156 (1972), the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that a Florida vagrancy law was unconstitutional because it was too vague to be understood.
Nevertheless, new local laws in the U.S. have been passed to criminalize aggressive panhandling.
In the U.S., some local officials encourage vagrants to move away instead of arresting them. The word vagrant is often (falsely) conflated with the term homeless person. Prosecutions for vagrancy are rare, being replaced by prosecutions for specific offenses such as loitering.
Featured Music:
East Coast Blues by The Can Kickers
Your Heart Is A Muscle The Size Of Your Fist by Ramshackle Glory
Acid Song by Johnny Hobo and the Freight Trains
“There was a word for what he was that nice people didn’t say except in the dirtiest jokes. He knew. Always had. There was no need for more of him. His life was a gross testament to cowardice and repugnance.”
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Sam Tallent’s Half Hour Prophecy Ep. 23: Drifters Gonna Drift
Sam Tallent is a comedian and writer from Denver, Colorado. He lives in Las Vegas, Nevada with his wife and dog. His interests include Southern Gothic fiction and the “death” of Elvis Presley. He enjoys slow simmered suppers and writing in the third person.
Audio Mixing by Wally Wallace
A Sexpot Comedy Production
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