SciShow Tangents

Salt: a mineral so nice that much of early human civilization was based on its procurement! Now we put big chunks of it on tasty pretzels at the mall! 

Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! 

While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen

If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links!

[Truth or Fail]

Lake Peigneur

https://www.damninteresting.com/lake-peigneur-the-swirling-vortex-of-doom/

https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2013/08/sinkhole-swallowed-11-barges/

Brinacles

https://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/oceanography/underwater-brinicles.htm

Salt Hotel

https://theculturetrip.com/south-america/bolivia/articles/welcome-to-the-hotel-thats-made-entirely-from-salt/

[Fact Off]

Coconut water IV

http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/14/12/5144

https://podcasts.ufhealth.org/can-coconut-water-mimic-human-plasma/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675700900627

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2011/08/15/139638930/saved-by-the-coconut-water-parsing-coconut-waters-medical-claims

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK154437/

Salt flats for satellite calibration

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Characterization-of-the-Salar-de-Uyuni-for-in-orbit-Lamparelli-Ponzoni/6b6a5037f838a2342d5681b642944fd68c775551

https://academic.oup.com/gji/article/172/1/31/2081107

https://www.nature.com/news/2007/071130/full/news.2007.315.html

[Ask the Science Couch]

Salt in a wound history

https://books.google.com/books?id=29gV_kCmZrIC&pg=PA141

https://www.abc.net.au/life/will-sea-water-help-heal-open-sores/11279036

http://utc.iath.virginia.edu/abolitn/abestwa8t.html

Saline solution

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/03/31/597666140/why-did-sterile-salt-water-become-the-iv-fluid-of-choice

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4794509/

Nociception

https://nba.uth.tmc.edu/neuroscience/m/s2/chapter06.html

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK32659/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2903433/

[Butt One More Thing]

Rectal salt glands

https://www.jstor.org/stable/1541076?seq=1

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5216465/

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00364827.1963.10410275?journalCode=ssar20

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Humans have been digging deep holes for fun and profit since time began, and some animals have been doing it for way longer than that! And all of those holes can't hold a candle to some of the natural holes the Earth's got going on. And those are nothing compared to space, which some (Sam) would argue is the biggest hole of all!

Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! 

While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen

If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links!

[Truth or Fail]

Termite mounds: https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(18)31287-9?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0960982218312879%3Fshowall%3Dtrue

Band of holes: https://www.sciencealert.com/is-this-mile-long-strip-of-holes-an-ancient-inca-tax-system

Molecular drills: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsami.9b22595#

Roman skin cream: http://cenblog.org/artful-science/2013/01/14/ancient-roman-cosmetics-skin-cream-from-the-2nd-century-a-d/

[Fact Off]

Ant colony fallen through hole

Pictures in this paper: https://jhr.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=9096&display_type=element&element_type=4&element_id=43&element_name=

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s000400050022

https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/09/bizarre-ant-colony-discovered-in-an-abandoned-polish-nuclear-weapons-bunker/

https://www.popsci.com/story/science/ant-colony-escape/

https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/38972/

Star-nosed mole nose holes

The video!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMz0Q7VbT9w

https://news.vanderbilt.edu/2006/12/20/scientist-discovers-some-mammals-can-smell-objects-under-water-58788/

https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/26/science/26bubble.html

https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn10834-star-nosed-mole-can-sniff-underwater-videos-reveal/

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/11/171120090051.htm

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/04/170424084028.htm

[Ask the Science Couch]

Sinkholes / blue holes

https://www.whoi.edu/oceanus/feature/blue-holes-and-hurricanes/

http://geology.wlu.edu/intro3d/sinkhole/sinkhole.html

https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/sinkholes?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/explore-worlds-deepest-blue-holes-180959977/

Flooded pit caves

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/sep/30/worlds-deepest-underwater-cave-found-czech-republic-hranice-abyss

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/destinations/europe/czech-republic/deepest-underwater-cave-discovered/

Mariana trench

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/activity/mariana-trench-deepest-place-earth/

Kola Superdeep Borehole

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/ask-smithsonian-whats-deepest-hole-ever-dug-180954349/

[Butt One More Thing]

Scorpion anus

https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/01/when-attacked-some-scorpions-discard-their-stinger-and-their-anus

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This Arbor Day, give your favorite tree the gift they really want: this tree-themed episode of SciShow Tangents. Just put the headphones around its trunk or in a knothole! 

Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! 

While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen

If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links!

[Truth or Fail]

Dragon’s Blood Tree

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2018/11/socotra-yemen-biodiversity-photography/

Dynamite Tree

https://youtu.be/lNlk2V9yFhM

https://rare.us/rare-news/science-and-nature/sandbox-tree-hura-crepitans/

Coconut Fatalities

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_by_coconut

[Fact Off]

Vampire stump

https://www.cell.com/iscience/fulltext/S2589-0042(19)30146-4
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-07/cp-ats071819.php
https://www.livescience.com/66025-kauri-tree-superorganism-root-grafting.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/25/science/tree-stump-alive.html

Ghost redwoods

https://www.mercurynews.com/2010/11/28/albino-redwoods-hold-scientific-mystery/

https://sempervirens.org/discover-redwoods/ghost-redwoods-solving-the-albino-redwoods-mystery/

https://ucanr.edu/sites/Redwood2016/files/250645.pdf

https://ucanr.edu/sites/Redwood2016/files/243400.pdf

[Ask the Science Couch]

Tree definition

https://www.americanforests.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/AF-Tree-Measuring-Guidelines_LR.pdf

Willows

https://oregonstate.edu/trees/broadleaf_genera/willow.html

https://www.thoughtco.com/worlds-smallest-tree-species-1343503

Bonsai / Pygmy Forests

https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/content/dam/pubs_ext_vt_edu/426/426-601/426-601_pdf.pdf

Other trees

https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=C944&title=Crape%20Myrtle%20Culture

http://www.pnwplants.wsu.edu/PlantDisplay.aspx?PlantID=169

[Butt One More Thing]

Butt rot

https://hortnews.extension.iastate.edu/2007/7-11/root_butt_rot.html

https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/stelprdb5347109.pdf

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Real robots have more and more in common with science fiction robots every day. Not enough that you need to worry about them rising up against humans, but you should maybe consider being nicer to your smartphone...

Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! 

While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen

If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links!

[Truth or Fail]

Plesiosaur Swimming

https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/odd-swimming-style-plesiosaurs-decoded-robot

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2017.0951

RangerBot

https://www.hakaimagazine.com/news/rangerbot-programmed-to-kill/

https://www.sciencealert.com/rangerbot-great-barrier-reef-conservation-crown-of-thorns-starfish

https://www.qut.edu.au/news?id=137688

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zjKTvj0lB4

Firefighting Robot

https://www.theverge.com/2015/2/5/7986345/firefighting-robot-saffir-prototype-us-navy

Lifeguard Robot

https://mentitude.com/ocean-alpha-dolphin-1-unmanned-usrv/

[Fact Off]

Clothing robot
http://www.news.gatech.edu/2018/05/14/robot-teaches-itself-how-dress-people
https://futurism.com/pr2-ai-robot-dressing-gown
https://robots.ieee.org/robots/pr2/

Video of the dressing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYj7gHQ_fwY

Parasitic turtle robots

https://www.newscientist.com/article/2130292-parasitic-robot-controls-turtle-its-riding-by-giving-it-snacks/

https://phys.org/news/2017-05-parasitic-robot-waypoint-turtle.html

[Ask the Science Couch]

Synthetic skin

https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=85&contentid=P01336

https://robotics.sciencemag.org/content/4/32/eaax2198

https://www.tum.de/nc/en/about-tum/news/press-releases/details/35732/

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8812712

OmniSkin

https://robotics.sciencemag.org/content/3/22/eaat1853

https://www.theverge.com/2018/9/24/17895328/robotic-skin-flexible-soft-robotics-yale-nasa-space

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/these-robotic-skins-turn-everyday-objects-into-robots-180970328/

[Butt One More Thing]

https://www.sciencealert.com/this-robotic-rectum-lets-doctors-get-a-feel-for-prostate-exams

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2016/07/04/robotic-rectum-developed-to-help-doctors-get-to-bottom-of-prosta/

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It's Spring here in the Northern Hemisphere, and the rivers swell with crystal clear snowmelt from tall mountain peaks... and we're all stuck inside and can't really look at it! Dang it! So I guess close your eyes and imagine floating down a beautiful river with your favorite podcast hosts as they drone on and on about bridges and salmon and stuff.  

Again, a big thanks for choosing us as the thing to spend your time with! Be well, everyone! 

Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! 

While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen

If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links!

[Truth or Fail]

Kites

http://www.kitehistory.com/Miscellaneous/Homan_Walsh.htm

https://www.uu.edu/dept/physics/scienceguys/2004Apr.cfm

https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Kite_that_Bridged_Two_Nations.html?id=7tukmQEACAAJ

Stone-carving

https://www.asce.org/project/five-stone-arch-bridges/

Explosions

http://www.bbc.com/travel/sponsored/story/20160815-the-buddha-that-calmed-the-seas

https://www.theatlantic.com/culture/archive/2011/02/why-is-ottawa-blowing-up-its-river/338889/

https://www.nap.edu/read/6289/chapter/3#16

[Fact Off]

Salmon & sea lions

https://wildlife.org/sea-lions-to-be-culled-to-protect-salmon/

https://www.oregonlive.com/pacific-northwest-news/2018/03/battle_of_species_pits_protect.html

https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/01/killing-sea-lions-save-salmon/581740/

https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/west-coast/endangered-species-conservation/adult-upstream-passage-west-coast

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/fish-ladder.html

Wildebeest bones

https://www.pnas.org/content/114/29/7647

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2020.00031/full#h6

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352249618300429?via%3Dihub

https://news.uga.edu/animal-carcasses-source-river-nutrients/

[Ask the Science Couch]

Rivers on Titan

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/the-mysterious-lakes-on-saturns-moon-titan

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/cassini-explores-a-methane-sea-on-titan

https://www.space.com/36904-titan-evolution-more-like-mars-than-earth.html

[Butt One More Thing]

The Great Stink

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/trail/victorian_britain/social_conditions/victorian_urban_planning_04.shtml

https://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/engineering-technology/how-london-got-its-victorian-sewers

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Ducks! Basically a joke of an animal, if we're being perfectly honest. They make silly noises, they waddle around, they are extremely cute and goofy looking, and they love to swim around in big piles of money! 

And look, you might see the title and think 'a duck isn't science.' Well i've learned a thing or two from those eggheads on the science couch and I can definitely say that you are wrong! It turns out, everything is science! Seems like a cop out, but it's true.

Anyway, we sincerely hope everyone out there is doing well and staying safe! Love you guys! 

Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! 

While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen

If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:

[Definition] 

Duck mating

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2009.2139

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0000418

https://www.nature.com/articles/news.2009.1159

[Truth or Fail]

Sperm

https://www.livescience.com/1279-rival-sperm-hook-cooperate.html

Mallard Bills

https://www.livescience.com/13681-duck-ejaculate-sperm-antibiotic-beaks-110412.html

[Fact Off]

Duck Imprinting

http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2017/getting-ducklings-row-look-inside-animal-mind-2/

http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2017/getting-ducklings-row-look-inside-animal-mind-2/

Duck hearing

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-09/uod-wdd092518.php

https://www.udel.edu/udaily/2018/august/graduate-student-works-on-training-ducks-hearing-fishing-nets/

https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pwrc/science/air-and-underwater-hearing-abilities-seabirds?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects

[Ask the Science Couch]

Quacks

sounds: https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Mallard/sounds

https://www.pressconnects.com/story/news/local/2019/03/04/ask-scientist-ducks-quack-several-different-reasons/3009779002/

https://www.ducks.org/conservation/waterfowl-research-science/waterfowl-vocalizations

Syrinx

https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/10/bird-voice-box-one-kind-animal-kingdom

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/oct/12/oldest-fossil-of-birds-voicebox-gives-new-hint-at-soundscape-of-the-cretaceous-syrinx

Duck quack echoes

sounds: http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/acoustics_info/duck/

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3086890.stm

[Butt One More Thing]

Fly that only breeds in duck poop

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-species-fly-found-breeding-central-park-duck-droppings-180965118/

https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/13411/element/2/12/

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This episode has a little bit of everything: the French Revolution, haunted amulets, mummies (maybe??)... why, it's like a regular Night at the Museum! Have fun!

Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! 

While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen

If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:

[Truth or Fail]

Da Vinci’s Faces

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/07/100715090917.htm

First Museum:

https://theconversation.com/hidden-women-of-history-ennigaldi-nanna-curator-of-the-worlds-first-museum-116431

https://io9.gizmodo.com/the-story-behind-the-worlds-oldest-museum-built-by-a-b-5805358

Woman Hit By Meteorite

http://www.slate.com/blogs/atlas_obscura/2015/06/02/the_hodges_meteorite_is_one_of_the_few_space_to_ever_strike_a_human.html?wpisrc=obnetwork

http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1995LPI....26.1133P/0001133.000.html?high=484678bbd531063

[Fact Off]

Blaschka glass scientific models

http://www.cmog.org/article/blaschkas-glass-models-invertebrate-animals-1863-1890

https://web.archive.org/web/20160411221330/http://www.journalofantiques.com/Feb04/featurefeb04.htm

These three links include info + pictures:

https://digital.library.cornell.edu/collections/blaschka

http://hmnh.harvard.edu/glass-flowers

https://hmnh.harvard.edu/fruits-decay

[Ask the Science Couch]

Painting restoration

https://www.si.edu/mci/english/learn_more/taking_care/conservation_meaning.html

https://www.invaluable.com/blog/the-science-behind-art-restoration/

Sculptures

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/modern-chemistry-techniques-save-ancient-art/

https://www.chemistryworld.com/features/the-art-of-conservation/3009092.article

Bacteria

https://www.wired.com/2011/11/st-artrestoremicro/

[Butt One More Thing]

Coprolite inside another fossil

https://peerj.com/articles/1191/

https://www.forbes.com/sites/shaenamontanari/2015/08/21/spectacular-flying-reptile-fossil-discovered-along-with-its-last-meal-and-something-surprising/#7ca22283bf22

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Space… it’s big, it’s confusing, and there isn’t any gravity! That’s why we have a dedicated team of people up in the International Space Station running all kinds of experiments to try and figure out just what the heck is even going on up there. 

You truly have no idea how much of us ordering Popeye’s I had to cut out of this. This was definitely our longest recording session ever and I was livid!

Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! 

While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen

If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:

[Truth or Fail]

Chicken Fat

https://www.nasa.gov/topics/aeronautics/features/aafex_biofuels.html

Bone loss

https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=187

Perfume

https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/9-12/features/spacescents_feature.html

https://spinoff.nasa.gov/spinoff2002/ch_1.html

[Fact Off]

Wake Shield Facility

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19920014405

https://er.jsc.nasa.gov/seh/pg46s95.html

https://uwaterloo.ca/molecular-beam-epitaxy/about/what-epitaxy

https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2002/03jan_bioniceyes

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0042207X01003839

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S009457650000148X

Image: https://archive.org/details/STS069-724-095

Mouse sperm experiment

https://www.pnas.org/content/114/23/5988

http://iss.jaxa.jp/en/kiboexp/theme/second/pmlatter/spacepup/

[Ask the Science Couch]

Human pregnancy

https://emergency.cdc.gov/radiation/pdf/prenatal.pdf

https://www.livescience.com/33047-space-sex-pregnancy.html

https://www.thoughtco.com/can-women-get-pregnant-in-space-3072590

NASA sperm study

https://futurism.com/sperm-space-nasa

Space childbirth startup

https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/01/space-childbirth-babies/579064/

Other animal development

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/what-space-jellyfish-tell-us-about-interplanetary-travel/

https://www.popsci.com/article/technology/space-born-jellyfish-hate-life-earth/

https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/wnjkkw/making-babies-in-space-may-be-a-terrible-idea

[Butt One More Thing]

Flatworms in space

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/reg2.79

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SciShow Tangents editorial assistant/genius Deboki Chakravarti joins us once more to talk about that sweet sand we all love so much: sugar!

Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! 

While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Deboki: @okidoki_boki

If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:

[Definition]

https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/09/13/493739074/50-years-ago-sugar-industry-quietly-paid-scientists-to-point-blame-at-fat

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2548255

https://slate.com/technology/2018/03/big-sugar-isnt-to-blame-for-steering-us-away-from-fat.html

[Truth or Fail]

Nicotine 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5434031/

https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/nicotine.htm

Hearing Flowers

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2019/01/flowers-can-hear-bees-and-make-their-nectar-sweeter/?utm_source=reddit.com#close

City Bee, Country Bee

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-05/ncsu-njd051816.php

[Fact Off]

Honeypot ants

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/media/honey-ant-adaptations-wbt/

https://www.nature.com/articles/025405a0

https://books.google.com/books?id=E_6-pGOLUgcC&pg=PA25#v=onepage&q&f=false

https://abt.ucpress.edu/content/48/6/335

Picture: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HoneyAnt.jpg

Picture: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honeypot_ant#/media/File:Honey_Ants_(7344580116).jpg

Sugar dust explosion

[Ask the Science Couch]

Hanger

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4788579/

https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Femo0000422

https://qz.com/work/1302394/why-do-people-get-hangry-a-study-suggests-it-involves-more-than-low-blood-sugar/

Hyperactivity

https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/88/5/960.long?sso=1&sso_redirect_count=1&nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR%3a+No+local+token

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/002221948301600604

https://www.webmd.com/add-adhd/childhood-adhd/what-is-the-feingold-diet#1

https://www.livescience.com/55754-does-sugar-make-kids-hyper.html

Addiction

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2235907/

https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/52/14/910

https://news.psu.edu/story/141336/2006/01/16/research/probing-question-sugar-addictive

https://www.huffpost.com/entry/sugar-addiction-drug_n_4173632

Orexin system

https://www.wired.com/2011/12/why-sugar-makes-us-sleepy-and-protein-wakes-us-up/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2551664/

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-05/cp-nme052506.php

https://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/52/1/111.long

Memory

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16225962

https://books.google.com/books?id=Mf3lxvWfA9oC&pg=PA113&lpg=PA113

[Butt One More Thing]

Rectal prolapse

http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/MBCP/ReduceYourRectalProlapse.pdf

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9287900

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Viruses are the subject of confusion & misinformation. Luckily, we have a friend who knows a lot about them! We sit down with microbiology genius Deboki Chakravarti to talk viruses. 

Be sure to check out more of Deboki’s work on Journey to the Microcosmos, and the upcoming Crash Course Organic Chemistry! 

Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! 

While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Stefan: @itsmestefanchin Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @slamschultz Hank: @hankgreen

If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:

[Truth or Fail]

Tulips

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/11/science/broken-tulips.html

https://amsterdamtulipmuseumonline.com/blogs/tulip-facts/broken-tulips-the-beautiful-curse

Coffins

https://blogs.weta.org/boundarystones/2016/12/21/then-there-were-no-coffinshttps://www.acf.org/the-american-chestnut/

[Fact Off]

Multicomponent Viruses

https://www.cell.com/cell-host-microbe/fulltext/S1931-3128(16)30310-9

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/08/160825141714.htm

Polydnaviruses

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4424053/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3758193/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123846846000264

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123848581000096

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4553618/

[Butt One More Thing]

Caribou poop frozen virus

https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2014/10/virus-resurrected-700-year-old-caribou-dung

https://www.pnas.org/content/111/47/16842

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.