Forced gang recruitment is a big problem in the Northern Triangle (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras), with migrants fleeing out of the region to other countries, including the US. Many are unaccompanied minors due to the fact that gangs are often targeting youth. Guest Amber Moffett joins host Seth Daire to discuss the problem and how human trafficking occurs within gangs and how it's creating hundreds and thousands of migrants, which are then vulnerable to trafficking en route to wherever they are fleeing to.

Sources:

No Place to Hide - International Human Rights Clinic, Harvard Law School, https://www.wola.org/sites/default/files/downloadable/Citizen%20Security/past/Harvard_Gangs_NoPlaceToHide.pdf

A Refugee Crisis: Why Children, Men and Women are Fleeing the Northern Triangle of Central America - Latin America Working Group, http://lawg.org/action-center/lawg-blog/81-being-better-neighbors-towards-latin-america/1625-a-refugee-crisis-why-children-men-and-women-are-fleeing-the-northern-triangle-of-central-america

Code Red - Daniel Alarcon, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/23/magazine/code-red.html

Are Juvenile Gang Members Victims of Labor Trafficking? - Christina M. Rizen, http://lawecommons.luc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1087&context=clrj

New Humanitarian Frontiers - IDMC, http://www.internal-displacement.org/library/publications/2015/new-humanitarian-frontiers-addressing-criminal-violence-in-mexico-and-central-america/

Mafia of the Poor - International Crisis Group, https://www.crisisgroup.org/latin-america-caribbean/central-america/62-mafia-poor-gang-violence-and-extortion-central-america

Easy Prey - International Crisis Group, https://www.crisisgroup.org/latin-america-caribbean/central-america/easy-prey-criminal-violence-and-central-american-migration

No Country for Lost Kids - P.J. Tobia, http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/country-lost-kids/

Unaccompanied Children - Verite, https://www.verite.org/unaccompanied-children-violence-and-conditions-in-central-american-agriculture-linked-to-border-crisis/

They Said We Would Pay With Our Lives - Annie Hylton and Sarah Salvadore, http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politic/gender_and_migration/2016/08/as_central_american_gangs_target_younger_kids_more_minors_are_fleeing_to.html

Photo: Jose Cabezas at Reuters

Magazine sales crews are promoted as an exciting way for youth to travel and make money. While a good experience for some, the largely unregulated industry can also involve labor violations and false promises, which sometimes becomes human trafficking. Hosts Seth Daire and JJ Janflone discuss what labor trafficking looks like for some youth on magazines crews and give some recommendations on what to do if you suspect youth are being exploited.

Sources:

http://www.magcrew.com/

http://www.parentwatch.org/

https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2015/04/trapped-into-selling-magazines-door-to-door/388601/

http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/us/21magcrew.html?mcubz=3

http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/2/24/human-trafficking-victim-mag-crew-kid-at-door.html

http://www.houstonpress.com/news/readers-respond-to-our-magazine-sales-crew-story-6577431

https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2015/jul/16/people-trafficking-door-to-door-sales-us-abuse-exploitation-polaris-report

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/its-easy-for-traffickers-to-exploit-magazine-salespeople-but-the-industry-can-break-that-cycle_us_55a81627e4b0c5f0322ccdb5

https://polarisproject.org/sites/default/files/Knocking-on-Your-Door-Sales-Crews.pdf

The TV show Orphan Black just finished it's 5-year run of exploring an intersectionality of themes, with the amazing Tatiana Maslany playing the clones. Seth Daire and JJ Janflone discuss the show and relate it to reality, which includes a brief explanation of cloning in reality and how existing US law may inform the Orphan Black scenario. From there, they dive into two big questions:

Can clones be owned?

Are clones truly human?

Sources:

http://www.bbcamerica.com/shows/orphan-black

Green, Richard and Rachel Robison-Greene, eds. Orphan Black and Philosophy: Grand Theft DNA. Chicago: Open Court Publishing Company, 2016.

There are multiple bills relating to human trafficking that have passed the House or Senate this summer. Seth Daire and JJ Janflone discuss what several of them mean, including H.R.2200, Frederick Douglass Trafficking Victims Prevention and Protection Reauthorization Act of 2017, which reauthorizes the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000. Links are below.

Sources:

https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/2200/text

http://www.nbcnews.com/news/nbcblk/frederick-douglass-bill-introduced-congress-curb-human-trafficking-n752096

https://polarisproject.org/sites/default/files/2015%20Safe%20Harbor%20Issue%20Brief.pdf

https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/2473/text

https://legcounsel.house.gov/Comps/State%20Department%20Basic%20Authorities%20Act%20Of%201956.pdf

https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/1625/text

https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/2664/text

https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/1370/text

https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/senate-resolution/68/text

https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/115/hr1973/summary

http://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2015/04/06/397822833/a-lesser-known-human-trafficking-problem-teenage-basketball-players

http://www.wnyc.org/story/basketball-trafficker/ 

British model Chloe Ayling was drugged and kidnapped in July 2017 in Milan to be sold in an online auction in the Middle East. Seth Daire and JJ Janflone gives their 'hot take' on this still unfolding story, which is still under police investigation. While assuming it's true unless proven otherwise, they give reasons why this could be true based on existing trafficking narratives and why it could be false based on oddities with the entire story, especially with the kidnappers.

Sources:

https://www.buzzfeed.com/salvadorhernandez/model-kidnapped-in-milan-to-be-sold-in-an-online-auction

https://www.buzzfeed.com/mbvd/model-kidnapped-in-italy-seen-shopping-with-captor

http://www.cnn.com/2017/08/07/europe/chloe-ayling-british-model-kidnap/index.html

http://www.cnn.com/2017/08/08/europe/chloe-ayling-model-lawyer/index.html

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/08/08/chloe-ayling-british-model-drugged-kidnapped-italy/

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/08/06/model-drugged-kidnapped-italy-revealed-page-3-girl-chloe-ayling/

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/08/05/british-model-kidnapped-milan-captor-tried-auction-online-for300000/

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/05/world/europe/italy-british-model-kidnapping.html

https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/vvbazy/my-brief-encounter-with-a-dark-web-human-trafficking-site

http://jezebel.com/model-allegedly-kidnapped-for-sex-slavery-denies-claims-1797631578

http://www.thedailybeast.com/the-case-of-the-kidnapped-model-exposes-dark-corners-of-the-deep-web

http://www.businessinsider.com/chloe-ayling-dark-web-kidnap-instagram-saved-me-2017-8

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4763334/British-model-kidnapped-Milan.html

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4772174/Images-dazed-British-model-Chloe-Ayling-floor.html

https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/chloe-ayling-kidnapping-claims-lawyer-defends-glamour-model-milan-italy-black-death-a7882671.html

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/chloe-ayling-page-three-shoot-kidnap-sex-slave-gang-mila...

The drug trade snares people into human trafficking through drug smuggling, forced addiction, and luring people who are addicted. Seth Daire and JJ Janflone give an overview of drug trafficking into the United States and then talk about how drugs overlap with human trafficking.

Sources:

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-40480405

https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/mexicos-cartels-will-continue-splinter-2017

http://www.businessinsider.com/dea-maps-of-mexican-cartels-in-the-us-2016-12

https://www.dea.gov/resource-center/2016%20NDTA%20Summary.pdf

https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2017-Jun/CBP-Snapshot-06012017.pdf

http://www.npr.org/2011/12/04/143025654/migrants-say-theyre-unwilling-mules-for-cartels

http://www.rehabs.com/drug-addiction-fuels-the-fire-of-human-trafficking/

https://broadly.vice.com/en_us/article/vv5949/what-its-like-to-be-a-female-drug-mule-serving-time-in-prison

http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/cocaine-traffickers-evolving-more-sophisticated-drug-mule-operations

http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/inlr28&div=23&id=&page=

http://humantraffickingcenter.org/men-boys/

https://economics.mit.edu/files/11092

http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2016/01/deadly-human-trafficking-business-mexico-border-160117073423022.html

http://www.cbsnews.com/news/mexico-drug-gangs-using-more-children-as-mules/

https://www.unodc.org/southasia/frontpage/2012/october/drug-mules_-swallowed-by-the-illicit-drug-trade.html

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ana-davila/drug-cartels-where-human-trafficking-and-human-smuggling-meet-today_b_7588408.html

https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/crime/2017/04/17/they-got-young-girls-hooked-drugs-feds-allege-then-they-forced-them-into-prostitution/100568196/

http://www.bostonherald.com/news/local_coverage/2017/03/special_report_opiate_crisis_pushes_addicts_to_sex_trade

The drug trade snares people into human trafficking through drug smuggling, forced addiction, and luring people who are addicted. Seth Daire and JJ Janflone give an overview of drug trafficking into the United States and then talk about how drugs overlap with human trafficking.

Sources:

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-40480405

https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/mexicos-cartels-will-continue-splinter-2017

http://www.businessinsider.com/dea-maps-of-mexican-cartels-in-the-us-2016-12

https://www.dea.gov/resource-center/2016%20NDTA%20Summary.pdf

https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2017-Jun/CBP-Snapshot-06012017.pdf

http://www.npr.org/2011/12/04/143025654/migrants-say-theyre-unwilling-mules-for-cartels

http://www.rehabs.com/drug-addiction-fuels-the-fire-of-human-trafficking/

https://broadly.vice.com/en_us/article/vv5949/what-its-like-to-be-a-female-drug-mule-serving-time-in-prison

http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/cocaine-traffickers-evolving-more-sophisticated-drug-mule-operations

http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/inlr28&div=23&id=&page=

http://humantraffickingcenter.org/men-boys/

https://economics.mit.edu/files/11092

http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2016/01/deadly-human-trafficking-business-mexico-border-160117073423022.html

http://www.cbsnews.com/news/mexico-drug-gangs-using-more-children-as-mules/

https://www.unodc.org/southasia/frontpage/2012/october/drug-mules_-swallowed-by-the-illicit-drug-trade.html

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ana-davila/drug-cartels-where-human-trafficking-and-human-smuggling-meet-today_b_7588408.html

https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/crime/2017/04/17/they-got-young-girls-hooked-drugs-feds-allege-then-they-forced-them-into-prostitution/100568196/

http://www.bostonherald.com/news/local_coverage/2017/03/special_report_opiate_crisis_pushes_addicts_to_sex_trade

Women known as 'bar girls' or 'taxi girls' entertain men in countries around the world, though most famously in Southeast and East Asia. These bar women, and sometimes bar men, may also be pressured to provide sexual services. In some cases, these people are in trafficking situations. Hosts Seth Daire and JJ Janflone talk a bit about what they've seen and what trafficking looks like for bar women and men. Also, JJ explains why good statistics are hard to find.

Sources:

Photo: Flickr

Women known as 'bar girls' or 'taxi girls' entertain men in countries around the world, though most famously in Southeast and East Asia. These bar women, and sometimes bar men, may also be pressured to provide sexual services. In some cases, these people are in trafficking situations. Hosts Seth Daire and JJ Janflone talk a bit about what they've seen and what trafficking looks like for bar women and men. Also, JJ explains why good statistics are hard to find.

Sources:

Photo: Flickr

The Department of State released their annual Trafficking in Persons Report on June 27, 2017. Seth Daire and JJ Janflone give an overview of the report, including an explanation of tiers, a discussion of methodology, and how politics has affected tier rankings from the beginning. JJ also provides a case study of China, which was dropped to Tier 3 this year, where they should be.

Sources:

https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2017/index.htm

https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2017/271165.htm

https://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2017/06/272212.htm

https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2001/3929.htm

https://www.cfr.org/interview/why-beijing-fails-fight-human-trafficking

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trafficking-idUSKBN19I21S?il=0