Strictly Facts: A Guide to Caribbean History and Culture

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Join Strictly Facts as we share the captivating journey of education in the French Caribbean, focusing on Martinique's rich history throughout the 20th century. With the insightful PhD candidate Nora Eguienta by my side, we unravel the largely untold stories of women educators who profoundly shaped the educational and political landscape from 1920 to 1960. These women dominated teaching positions yet were conspicuously absent from leadership roles—a paradox that persisted until well into the late 1960s. Nora helps is to explore this intriguing dynamic, diving into historical narratives and the powerful activism led by figures like Paulette Nardal, challenging the biases that limited women's roles in education.

Our conversation also takes a scholarly turn as we discuss Patrick Chamoiseau's "Chemin d'école," providing a cultural snapshot of the 1950s schooling experience amid Martinique's transition into a French department. Through this lens, we address the educational challenges of cultural and linguistic barriers, while highlighting the unsung heroes who contributed to the island's rich history. From the impact of migration on teaching staff to the importance of curricula that reflected local histories, we weave a complex tapestry of topics that emphasize the profound influence of everyday individuals on the social history of the French West Indies. Join us in celebrating the resilience and contributions of those who paved the way for future generations.

Nora Eguienta is a PhD candidate in the Department of History at the University Paris 8—Saint-Denis. She is preparing a thesis titled “Les institutrices de l’école primaire laïque en Martinique des années 1920 aux années 1960.” Her research focuses on the history of education, especially on women teaching in elementary schools in Martinique during colonial and postcolonial times. Nora analyzes women professionalization in the context of development of public schools during the French Third Republic and studies their different types of political commitment as educated women living in a colonial society. She is also a certified teacher, teaching contemporary history at middle school, high school and college level. Follow Nora on Twitter and LinkedIn. 

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What if the rhythm of an island could reshape global music? In this episode, we are joined by Dr. Jessica Swanston Baker who both brings her rich family heritage and academic expertise to trace the roots and evolution of wylers, its integral role in Carnival, and reveal how Caribbean music has profoundly influenced the global soundscape.

Journey with us as we explore the dynamic evolution of Caribbean Christmas sports, with a special focus on the historical and cultural transformations in St. Kitts and Nevis. Dr. Swanston Baker sheds light on the technological advancements of the 1980s that propelled the development of wylers music, setting the stage for its contemporary form and challenging societal norms with its rapid tempo. Finally, we discuss the broader impact of globalization on Caribbean music in the 1990s and 2000s. Learn how affordable music technology enabled a new generation of musicians to bypass traditional pathways, reshaping the local and global music scenes. We also dive into the personal stories of navigating family history through ethnomusicology, highlighting the significance of tempo and poetic expression in Caribbean culture.

Jessica Swanston Baker is an ethnomusicologist specializing in contemporary popular music of the Circum-Caribbean. Her work centers on the intricate relationships between tempo, aesthetics, colonial legacies, and the intersections of race and gender in the region and its diaspora. Her book, Island Time: Speed and the Archipelago from St. Kitts and Nevis (University of Chicago Press, 2024), traces the sonic history and ethnographic present of wylers, a fast-paced style of music from St. Kitts and Nevis, examining how it reflects broader histories of colonization, Black femininity, and West Indian performance practices. Professor Baker earned a Ph.D. in Ethnomusicology from the University of Pennsylvania and a Bachelor of Music in Vocal Performance from Bucknell University.  

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Recently celebrating 62 years of independence, Trinidad and Tobago is regarded as one of the most successful nations in the Caribbean. However, what are the signs of a successful independent nation? In this episode, Dr. Zophia Edwards joins us to discuss the complexity of what constitutes “success” and the role of ordinary people in shaping the country’s trajectory.  The heart of our conversation centers on the pivotal role of working people in Trinidad and Tobago's progress both before and after independence. Despite the persistent structural dependencies on natural resources and foreign markets inherited from colonial times, the tenacity and mobilization of the working class have driven notable improvements in material conditions such as lower infant mortality and increased life expectancy. We explore how multiracial and multi-sectoral solidarity among workers, spanning industries from sugar to oil, has consistently fought for equitable wages, better working conditions, and broader societal change, culminating in robust democratic systems and enhanced human welfare.

Finally, we delve into the intersections of race, class, and culture in the Caribbean, highlighting the importance of understanding these dynamics to fully grasp the region's past and future. Discussions on how colonial power funneled different racial groups into specific economic sectors and how workers forged a multiracial movement against oppression, are complemented by the cultural resistance captured in Calypso music and social movements. Dr. Edwards also brings in perspectives from key scholars and contemporary thinkers, shedding light on recent movements and the exploitation of natural resources. Tune in to understand how historical legacies and grassroots organizing continue to shape the Caribbean's path towards justice and liberation.

Zophia Edwards is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at Johns Hopkins University. Her research examines race, labor, colonialism, state-building, and comparative development in the Global South. Her forthcoming book with Duke University Press examines the role of multiracial labor movements in state-building and equity-enhancing development in Trinidad and Tobago. She has published in academic journals such as International Journal of Comparative Sociology and her public scholarship appears outlets such as Monthly Review and Clash!

*Additional Note for the Discussion

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Embark on a remarkable journey through Caribbean history with us as we welcome Martine Powers, the senior host of the Washington Post Reports, as well as the host creator of the gripping series "The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop." Martine's personal connection to the Caribbean, stemming from her Trinidadian heritage and family ties to Grenada, brings an intimate and profound perspective to the complex story of Maurice Bishop. Discover the intricate mysteries surrounding Bishop's execution and the enigmatic disappearance of his body, alongside speculations about possible US government involvement.

Creating this series was no small feat, and Martine's dedication shines through as she shares the challenges and triumphs faced over two years of meticulous reporting. Balancing her primary job, relentless travel, and the hustle of gathering credible sources, Martine's commitment to bringing Caribbean stories to life is nothing short of inspiring. Her journey underscores the cultural significance of accurate storytelling, especially for Caribbean Americans yearning to see their heritage represented with depth and authenticity.

The conversation delves into the politically charged atmosphere of Grenada during Maurice Bishop's era, offering a nuanced view far removed from the stereotypical vacation paradise. Through compelling anecdotes and powerful interviews, the discussion captures the intense experiences of those who lived through this turbulent time. It also shines a light on the often-overlooked histories of other Caribbean nations like Jamaica and Haiti, emphasizing the need for more stories that reflect the vibrant, resilient spirit of Caribbean people. Join us to uncover these untold narratives and gain a richer understanding of the Caribbean's multifaceted heritage.

Connect with Martine Powers - [email protected]

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What if your country had to fight for its independence not once, but twice? Join us as we unveil the incredible story of the Dominican Republic's Restoration Day, celebrated on August 16th. This episode of Strictly Facts explores the Dominican Restoration War from 1863 to 1865, during which the nation valiantly reclaimed its sovereignty from Spain. We'll highlight key figures like Santiago Rodriguez and Juan Pablo Duarte, who played essential roles in this epic struggle, and discuss how their leadership helped shape the country's national identity.

From the initial Cry of Capotillo to the final moments of victory, discover how the Dominican Republic's triumph inspired broader independence movements throughout the Caribbean, particularly in Cuba and Puerto Rico. Despite facing immense challenges, including attempts at annexation by multiple powers, the Dominican people’s resilience shone through. This episode is not just a recount of historical events but a tribute to the enduring spirit of a nation. Tune in to learn about the lasting impact of the Dominican Republic's Second Republic, and don't forget to follow us on social media to share your own reflections on Restoration Day and other significant milestones you’d like us to cover.

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With the renowned Notting Hill Carnival coming up at the end of the month, what a better time than now to reshare about the extraordinary life and work of one of its co-founders, activist and intellectual Claudia Jones. Jones was a pioneering Caribbean activist whose contributions have shaped movements for human rights and equality across the globe. From her roots in Trinidad and Tobago to her unyielding fight against racial and gender injustices in both the US and the UK, Claudia Jones’s legacy is a vibrant testament to the power of resilience and advocacy.

This episode of Strictly Facts is a tribute to her indomitable spirit, exploring her early involvement with the Junior NAACP and the National Urban League, her influential writings for the Communist Party, and her relentless activism even after being deported from the US. Learn about her pivotal role in founding Britain’s first major Black newspaper, the West Indian Gazette, her advocacy for the Windrush generation, and her unwavering commitment to equality. Tune in to hear how Claudia Jones not only challenged but transformed the landscape of activism for the Caribbean diaspora and beyond.

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In this episode of Strictly Facts, we're joined by Dr. Sanyu Mulira, a recent NYU graduate with a passion for feminism and anti-colonial activism in the Francophone Black Atlantic. Together, we discuss the intricate history of the French Caribbean through the Negritude movement and its impact on global Black intellectualism, illuminating the legacies the pivotal roles played by territories like Guadeloupe and Martinique.

We dissect the socio-economic landscape of the French Caribbean in the 20th century and explore the emergence of the Negritude movement. Special attention is given to influential figures such as Aimé Césaire and the Nardal sisters, whose contributions have left an indelible mark on global Black intellectualism. Through a fellow women's historian viewpoint, we also highlight lesser-known yet crucial contributors to the Negritude movement. We also shine a light on the grassroots activism led by communist women's groups in Guadeloupe and Martinique. These groups worked tirelessly to empower their communities by listening to what they needed. From the achievements of pioneering women like  Gerty Archimède to the ongoing efforts of contemporary activists, we underscore the importance of historical documentation in preserving these vital narratives. Tune in to appreciate the legacy of activists like Paulette Nardal and Gerty Archimède as we ensure their significant impact remains recognized and remembered.

Sanyu Mulira is a graduate of the African Diaspora History doctoral program at New York University. Her work looks at histories of feminism and anti-colonial activism in the Francophone Black Atlantic. In the fall 2024 semester, Sanyu Mulira will be an Assistant Professor of African Diaspora History at the Georgia Institute of Technology in the department of History and Sociology. 

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We continue our Caribbean culinary voyage with Haitian and Bajan cuisine alongside experts, Kerline Ordeus and Leanna Pierre. Together, we uncover the culinary ties between West African and Caribbean dishes, drawing enlightening parallels between the shared heritage of cassava and okra through Haitian tomtom and Barbados' national dish, flying fish and cou-cou.  We also honor the stories and traditions that make Caribbean food so special like Haiti's soup joumou to Bajan salt bread, illustrating how food preserves cultural identity. Join us as we unearth how ancestral practices and ingredients have been preserved and adapted, revealing the deep connections between food, culture, and history.

Leanna Pierre is a food blogger (under the name Mrs Island Breeze) and world traveler who loves to cook for her husband and children. A first-generation American, she is proud to be the daughter of her Barbados-born and raised parents. Leanna learned how to cook from her mother and her paternal grandmother and has continued to develop her skills over the years through various cooking classes and expanded her repertoire to include cuisines from all over the world. Leanna’s specialty is traditional Caribbean cuisine with a twist of “Southern Comfort” from living in Atlanta for the past 15 years.

The founder of Knockout Kitchen, Kerline Ordeus has been cooking for over 20 years. She learned how to cook from the villagers and her family in Haiti. They were taught by their parents and parents' parents. Haitian cuisine is all about flavors and techniques. A true labor of love. Like every Haitian, Kerline is very much in love with her island. What she remembers most is the beauty of Haitian people despite the hardships that they still face today, hence, her passion for people and why she loves cooking. Follow Kerline online.

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The food on our plates tell stories of colonialism, cultural resistance, and resilience. Join Strictly Facts and guest Dr. Mónica Ocasio Vega, esteemed cultural scholar, cook, and assistant professor at Trinity University for a fascinating culinary journey through the Hispanic Caribbean. Drawing inspiration from her father's activism and her academic background, she unveils how food intersects with race, gender, and class to shape the unique national cuisines of Puerto Rico, Cuba, & the Dominican Republic.

The United States has long, complex relationship with the Caribbean, impacting its nutritional spheres. Dr. Ocasio Vega helps us unpack these issues by exploring the layers of U.S. intervention, often disguised as aid, and its repercussions on traditional foodways. Particularly poignant is her discussion on Puerto Rico's colonial status and its challenges achieving true food sovereignty, considering the impact of agricultural policies like the Jones Act that have altered the food landscape. We also discover the interconnected histories of Caribbean food, shining a light on the oft-overlooked Chinese Caribbean cuisine. From the legacy of Chinese Cuban entrepreneurs to Afro-Asian fusion dishes, we explore the culinary diversity that defines the region. This episode is sure to enrich your understanding of the vibrant, multifaceted world of Caribbean food traditions.

Mónica Ocasio Vega is Assistant Professor of Spanish at Trinity University in San Antonio, Texas. Her research focuses on the intersection of food, race, and gender in the Caribbean and its diasporas. She describes herself first and foremost as a Puerto Rican cook, daughter, granddaughter, sister, and nourisher from el campo in Cabo Rojo. Her work has been featured on Gastronomica, Small Axe, Intervenxions, and Remezcla, among others. Follow Monica on X & Instagram. 

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Ever wondered how Caribbean cuisine became a melting pot of flavors and cultures? Join us for the first part of an eye-opening series with three culinary experts who have dedicated their lives to celebrating and preserving the rich food traditions of the Caribbean. Featuring Jamaican-Canadian chef Noel Cunningham, seasoned home cook and food writer Lesley Enston, and Guyanese-born food blogger Althea Brown, this episode promises to elucidate Caribbean culinary history and its global significance.

Discover the intricate stories behind iconic dishes like Jamaican jerk and Guyanese Pepper Pot, and learn how historical movements and colonization have infused Caribbean food with African, Indian, Portuguese, and Asian influences. We debunk myths about the simplicity and healthiness of Caribbean cuisine, revealing the complexity and nutritional richness that have been overlooked. Our guests offer invaluable insights into the labor-intensive processes and cultural significance behind these beloved dishes, enriching your appreciation for this diverse food culture.

We also tackle the fine line between celebrating Caribbean cuisine on a global stage and the risks of cultural appropriation. Learn from heartwarming personal anecdotes and professional experiences how Noelle, Lesley, and Althea are championing authenticity and respect in the culinary world. Tune in for a comprehensive, heartfelt exploration of Caribbean food culture that will leave you both informed and inspired. Don't forget to check out strictlyfactspod.com for more resources and follow us on social media for ongoing discussions.

Be sure to follow Althea, Lesley, and Noel and support their work!

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