Who's Who: The Baalei HaTosafot. What they do, and why they're here, on the daf. Plus, what one of these long comments by the Baalei HaTosafot has to say on our daf, specifically, on "yesh bereira" or not. Specifically, in the context of terumot and maaserot with Samaritans. With a pile of passages from the Gemara to support the claims of who holds what...

The sprinkling of the blood of the bull and of the goat, in great detail - as it also appears in the Yom Kippur liturgy. How does the kohen gadol count? Of course, it's a machloket. What IS the point of counting out loud? Plus, the bowls of blood from the bull and the goat, to be placed on the pedestal. Or the two pedestals. But there is no clear information whether there was one or two! Also, a parallel to horns for collecting funds - but just one, to ensure there won't be confusion, where labeling the horns is insufficient (for R. Yehuda). So too with the pedestal - labeling would be insufficient, to make confusion absolutely impossible.

What really happened with the ark? Was it exiled to Babylonia? Was it buried? How the biblical verses are used to support both views. And how Jerusalem and the Temple were mourned in the ark's absence. [What's What: Gematria] Also, the keruvim in the Temple, and the intimacy in that representation of the relationship between God and Israel. Plus other signifiers of differences between the Temples, reflective of that dynamic (for example, the curtains).

The deaths of Nadav and Avihu, the sons of Aharon, who die in a conflagration on the altar. The sages work hard to figure out what sin deserved this death, and one of them is presented on our daf. This particular reason seems extreme: namely, answering halakhah in the presence of Moshe, instead of deferring to him. Also, a prayer for a rainy and hot year, which seems incongruous. Which merits investigation. And then: a dramatic presentation of the aron (ark) that is utterly different from the burial account of the recent dad. Here, the ark goes into exile, without a whiff of a mention of the burial scenario.

How the kohen gadol needs to take a circuitous route to get to the Kodesh Kodashim... Or not. An the implications thereof. Also, that "amah" that at one time was a divider between the Sanctuary and the Holy of Holies, and what kind of kedushah, and how we measure the space. Plus, verses of unresolved ambiguity, and Yossi ish Hotzal's take on this (his own identity ambiguous, given the number of names that are his). Also, the route of the kohen gadol from the Sanctuary to the Kodesh Kodashim, and his way back. Including his short (!) prayer on his way out. Plus: King Yoshiyahu and the burual of the ark, which was in the First Temple, and not the Second Temple.

On the kohen gadol's sin-offering - to what extent us it a communal offering and to what extent is it his own? With implications for whether temurah would work, among others. Also, a piece of architecture that defines and divides the Temples from each other and the Mishkan. Namely, there was an amah-wide space between the Sanctuary and the Holy of Holies. Which raises the question of the degree of sanctity of that spot, whether it follows the inner or outer kedushah.

Sin-offerings that could not be offered as sacrifices, and therefore were left to die: 5 cases. A more brutal death, surely, than simply putting it to death.... Also: the korban of "par he'elem davar shel tzibur" (What's What). These sin-offerings, both individual and communal, attest to the need for sin-offerings... Namely, that people sin. Plus, a focus on Temurah - the exchange or substitution of a specific animal - here, comparing the stringencies of the original korban to the substitute, and vice versa.

What if a replacement kohen gadol is needed, whether because of death, Impurity, or anything else? Can the initial scooping done by the first kohen gadol count towards the second kohen gadol's completion of this avodah? Or does that not work? (Isn't the amount of incense taken specific to each kohen gadol's hands?!). Also, how the kohen gadol actually maneuvered all the movable parts - spoon, incense, coals... One of the most difficult rites in the Beit HaMikdash....

More on the incense. What happens if things go wrong with the basic incense plan? When is the incense invalid? When is it fine? (Shouldn't they know the answers here easily? But they don't). Also, the 4 aspects of the avodah with blood, with each animal, including moving the blood over, as here - with his left hand. So doing some of the avodah with his left hand seems to be fine... Or will it invalidate the service?

Note: Audio issues in the first 2 minutes, but then it settles down. ||. Chapter 5 - a new chapter, with a focus on the avodah that is done by the kohen gadol in preparation for, and then in the kodesh kodashim, hidden from the eyes of all. Beginning with the kohen gadol taking the amount of incense according to his own physical measurement. With a focus on right-handedness. Also, the story of Yishmael ben Kimchit, who was the kohen gadol, and had very large hands. He also ended up interrupting his service as kohen gadol because he was rendered impure... so his brother took over. Plus, the striking connection between the kohen gadol and his mother, surprisingly not his father. Also: the story of Kimchit and her 7 sons - each of whom became kohen gadol, and why that was credited to their meritorious mother.