The Backend Engineering Show with Hussein Nasser

By Hussein NasserTechnology

The Backend Engineering Show with Hussein Nasser episodes

December 16, 2022 MongoDB Internal Architecture | The Backend Engineering Show
I’m a big believer that database systems share similar core fundamentals at their storage layer and understanding them allows one to compare different DBMS objectively. For example, How documents are stored in MongoDB is no different from how MySQL or PostgreSQL store rows. Everything goes to disk, the trick is to fetch what you need from disk efficiently with as fewer I/Os as possible, the rest is API. In this video I discuss the evolution of MongoDB internal architecture on how documents are stored and retrieved focusing on the index storage representation. I assume the reader is well versed with fundamentals of database engineering such as indexes, B+Trees, data files, WAL etc, you may pick up my database course to learn the skills. Let us get started.

Fundamentals of Backend Engineering Design patterns udemy course (link redirects to udemy with coupon) https://backend.husseinnasser.com Fundamentals of Networking for Effective Backends udemy course (link redirects to udemy with coupon) https://network.husseinnasser.com Fundamentals of Database Engineering udemy course (link redirects to udemy with coupon) https://database.husseinnasser.com

45 min
December 01, 2022 How UI/UX can break the backend
The User Interface/User Experience has great impact on the backend architecture and scalability. In this podcast I discuss three UI/UX that affected backend design and scalability.
0:00 Intro
1:40 UI vs UX
4:30 Google Chrome OmniBox
12:30 1 out of X Page
20:00 YouTube Notification
Resources
https://blog.apnic.net/2020/08/21/chromiums-impact-on-root-dns-traffic/
Fundamentals of Backend Engineering Design patterns udemy course (link redirects to udemy with coupon)
https://backend.husseinnasser.com
31 min
November 16, 2022 Do DHCP and DNS Servers Communicate?
In this video I explain how DHCP work and how it updates DNS entries for new hosts joining the network. I'll also mention Zero Config
0:00 Intro
1:00 the Network configuration
6:00 Showing DHCP in Wireshark
6:30 DHCP Discover
14:40 DHCP Offer
19:00 DHCP Request
21:30 DHCP ACK
22:00 How DHCP Updates DNS
26:15 Zero Configuration (mDNS, Link-local)
Resources
Dhcp https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1541
Dynamic updates , dhcp RFC2136
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2136
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/ipaddr_dhcp/configuration/xe-3se/3850/dhcp-xe-3se-3850-book/dhcp-client-option-12.pdf
RFC 1497
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1497.html
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6762#ref-Zeroconf
Link-local
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3927
31 min
November 08, 2022 Compressing Certificates in TLS | The Backend Engineering Show
Fundamentals of Backend Engineering Design patterns udemy course (link redirects to udemy with coupon)
https://backend.husseinnasser.com
Certificates provide a way to authenticate both the server and the client and are included as part of the TLS handshake. However, the certificates can be large because the full certificate chain is included in the handshake. The large certificates can go up to 10KB in size and take multiple segments to deliver and assemble. RFC 8879 discusses how TLS compression can be achieved, I discuss that in this podcast. Enjoy.
0:00 Intro
4:15 Certificate Chain
6:00 Faking the chain
8:50 Certificate Stores
10:30 Including ROOT cert in the chain
12:00 The performance penalty of large certificate chain
20:15 RFC 8879 TLS Certificate Compression
23:00 How Compression Works in TLS 1.2 vs TLS 1.3
30:30 What could go wrong?
Resources
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc8879/
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5246
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6928.html
35 min
November 06, 2022 OpenSSL new vulnerability
Two new vulnerabilities in openssl were discovered, we discuss them in this video
https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv/20221101.txt

11 min
November 03, 2022 TCP Protective Load Balancing coming to Linux Kernel 6.2
Google recent paper on protective load balancing in TCP attempts to improve packet drops and latency by making the host change the flow path using the IPv6 Flow label. The Linux kernels gets the PLB support in Linux 6.2 this December, let us discuss with this is.
15 min
October 12, 2022 When NodeJS I/O Blocks | The Backend Engineering Show
In this episode of the backend engineering show I go through an article I wrote discussing NodeJS Asynchronous I/O
https://medium.com/@hnasr/when-nodejs-i-o-blocks-327f8a36fbd4
Learn the fundamentals of network engineering, get my udemy course
https://network.husseinnasser.com

Buy me a coffee if you liked this
https://www.buymeacoffee.com/hnasr

0:00
3:00 Part 1 Socket/IO
9:48 Part 2 File I/O
12:42 Part 3 DNS
16:22 Part 4 NodeJS Single Threaded
19:10 Part 5 NodeJS Thread Pool
21:23 Part 6 DNS lookup bottleneck in Node
26 min
October 07, 2022 NGINX Internal Architecture - Workers | The Backend Engineering Show
Buy me a coffee if you liked this https://www.buymeacoffee.com/hnasr
In this podcast I explain the NGINX internal process architecture, how NGINX spins up multiple processes per core, how each process is pinned to a CPU core for minimum context switching, how NGINX accepts connections , parses requests and talks to the backend. Get my introduction to NGINX udemy course https://nginx.husseinnasser.com
16 min
October 04, 2022 Cloudflare is moving away from NGINX | The Backend Engineering Show
Cloudflare identified several limitations in NGINX architecture and decided to write their own reverse proxy.
0:00 Intro
1:53 What NGINX is used for
3:37 NGINX Architecture
7:52 NGINX Limitations
17:12 Cloudflare Pingora
Buy me a coffee if you liked this
https://www.buymeacoffee.com/hnasr
Fundamentals of Networking for Effective Backends udemy course (link redirects to udemy with coupon)
https://network.husseinnasser.com
Fundamentals of Database Engineering udemy course (link redirects to udemy with coupon)
https://database.husseinnasser.com
Introduction to NGINX (link redirects to udemy with coupon)
https://nginx.husseinnasser.com
Python on the Backend (link redirects to udemy with coupon)
https://python.husseinnasser.com
Become a Member on YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_ML5xP23TOWKUcc-oAE_Eg/join
Resources Resources:
https://blog.cloudflare.com/how-we-built-pingora-the-proxy-that-connects-cloudflare-to-the-internet/
https://www.nginx.com/blog/socket-sharding-nginx-release-1-9-1/amp/
27 min
September 01, 2022 Threads and Connections | The Backend Engineering Show
In this episode of the backend engineering show I discuss the evolution of multi-threading apps, their pros and cons and then I go through 5 threading model and how they interleave with backend connection management between the threads and requests handlings. Enjoy
To learn more about networking fundamentals check out my udemy course Fundamentals of Networking for Effective Backends Head to https://network.husseinnasser.com for a discount coupon
0:00 Intro
2:00 Single Threading
6:30 Multi-Threading
14:15 Connection Listener
20:15 How Connections are Established
29:00 Single Listener/Worker thread
33:30 Single Listener, Multiple Worker threads
39:00 Single Listener, Multiple Workers with load balancing
42:10 Multiple Listeners on the same port (SO_REUSEPORT)
45:20 Multiple Single Threaded Backend
Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/hnasr
51 min

About The Backend Engineering Show with Hussein Nasser

From the publisher's feed

Welcome to the Backend Engineering Show podcast with your host Hussein Nasser. If you like software engineering you’ve come to the right place. I discuss all sorts of software engineering technologies and news with specific focus on the backend. All opinions are my own.