The crushing defeat of Athens shattered its naval supremacy in the eastern Mediterranean, precipitating its fall as the foremost Greek polis. This disaster not only stripped Athens of its dominance but also extinguished its ambitions of establishing control across the entire Mediterranean, thwarting what might have been an empire stretching to Carthage and Rome.

Syracuse. 415 - 413 B.C.
Athenian Forces: ~ 200 Galleys and 45,000 to 50,000 Soldiers.
Syracusan Forces: ~ 45,000 Soldiers with 4,400 Spartans.

Additional Reading and Research:

• Fuller, J.F.C. A Military History of the Western World.
• Jowet Translation: Thucydides. The Peloponnesian Wars.
• Kagan, Donald. On the Origins of War.
• Creasy, Edward. Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World.

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