The ICE disappearance of Columbia student protestor Mahmoud Khalil in March 2025 followed in the wake of Trump's promise to deport campus activists. But 50 years ago, the Carter administration set the stage for student deportations. Will Teague discusses the history of presidential threats to deport student dissenters, beginning with the Carter administration's attacks against Iranian international students in the 1970s.

• Will Teague. 2024. Resistance/Rise: Iranian Student Activism in the Late 1970s US. History of Education Quarterly. 
• Reza Aslan. 2022. An American Martyr in Persia: The Epic Life and Tragic Death of Howard Baskerville. W. W. Norton. 
• Timothy Snyder. 2024. On Freedom. Penguin Random House.
• Will Teague. 2018. “Hostages of the Crisis: Iranian Students in Arkansas, 1979-1981.” Arkansas Historical Quarterly 77(2): 113–30. 

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