In Ukraine, explosive munitions have contaminated the soil with chemicals and heavy metals - hundreds of thousands of hectares will have to be surveyed and demined - and countless craters will have to be refilled.

We consider the cost of restoring Ukraine's agricultural soils.

ffinlo Costain is joined by Professor Wilfred Dolfsma from Wageningen, who recently led a study into the economics of Ukrainian soil recovery - and by Nick Padwick from Wild Ken Hill.

Read more on 8point9: https://8point9.com/cost-of-repairing-ukraines-war-ravaged-soils-could-be-20-billion/

More information about the research here