David Aaron is joined by Mary McCord and Zachary Myers to discuss last week’s search of the office and residence of former National Security Advisor John Bolton. The experts unpack what the execution of these warrants means, and what we should expect next in this unfolding investigation. 

Show Notes: 

• Letter from Adm. Michael S. Rogers, Director, NSA submitted in United States v. Pho, 1:17-cr-00631 (GLR), ECF 20-1 (Sept. 18, 2018)
• Willfulness and the Harm of Unlawful Retention of National Security Information by David Aaron (Dec. 2, 2022)
• “Secret Evidence in Public Trials” by David Aaron (June 6, 2023) 
• Just Security Podcast:  Insiders’ Views of Espionage Act Trials (July 17, 2023) 
• Just Security’s coverage of John Bolton 

The Trump administration’s unprecedented federalization of policing in Washington, D.C. raises significant legal and policy questions about the Executive Branch’s power over the Metropolitan Police Department and the use of National Guard forces from D.C. and other states, among other pressing topics. To break down the latest developments, host David Aaron is joined by Brian Netter, Legal Director at Democracy Forward and former Deputy Assistant Attorney General at the Department of Justice, and Mark Nevitt, associate professor of law at Emory University and former Distinguished Military Professor at the U.S. Naval Academy and a member of the Just Security editorial board.  

 Show Notes: 

• “Trump, the National Guard, and the District of Columbia” by Mark Nevitt 
• “One Week of Trump’s DC Takeover Attempt: An analysis of the president’s use of military, police, and security services in the nation’s capital” by Joseph Nunn and Spencer Reynolds 
• “How to Truly Keep Washington, DC Safe: President Trump’s militarized approach undercuts what’s been working” by Donell Harvin 

Just Security Podcast: What Just Happened - Federalization of Law Enforcement in Washington DC with David Aaron, Carrie Cordero, and Donell Harvin

This week, the Trump administration took over command of the D.C. police department, and surged federal law enforcement officers and National Guard units into the city. While the United States has a long tradition of leaving most policing to state and local agencies, federal law enforcement has specific powers, and there are well-established limits on the use of military forces for domestic law enforcement, but the rules for DC are particular.

In this episode, host David Aaron is joined by Carrie Cordero, General Counsel at the Center for a New American Security and former Counsel to the Assistant Attorney General for National Security and Senior Associate General Counsel at the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, and Donell Harvin, Visiting Fellow at the National Security Institute at George Mason University and former Chief of Homeland Security and Intelligence for the District of Columbia. Together, they unpack significant legal and policy considerations concerning the Executive Branch’s recent actions and the open questions still in play.

Show Notes:

• Center for a New American Security, The 21st Century National Guard: Expanding Missions, Modernizing Authorities
• Just Security’s Federalization of DC Policing, Law Enforcement and National Security Archives

Ukraine’s response to the 2022 full-scale Russian invasion has been defined by extraordinary civilian mobilization. As millions of Ukrainians face the devastation of their homes, schools, and communities, volunteers—especially women—have stepped up in unprecedented ways to support the nation’s survival. 

In this episode, host Viola Gienger is joined by Lauren Van Metre, President and CEO of Women in International Security (WIIS) and a non-resident Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council’s Eurasia Center, and  Ella Lamakh, founder of the Kyiv-based Democracy Development Center, to discuss how Ukraine’s women in frontline communities have stepped up to lead the local response. The episode also features the voices of three of the women in Ella’s network who are serving their frontline communities with humanitarian aid, organizing, and in one case, as a military administrator. Special thanks to those community leaders – Valentyna Holovata, Yuliia Porhenko, and Tetiana (who asked to use only her first name for security purposes), and to Dmytro Lysak for translation.

Show Notes:  

• Voices from the Frontlines of Democracy in Ukraine: Supporting and Protecting Civil Society by Lauren Van Metre
• Ella Lamakh’s Democracy Development Center
• Just Security’s Russia-Ukraine War Archive 

Yesterday, the White House released its long-awaited AI Action Plan and signed three executive orders on AI, laying out the Trump administration’s strategy to secure what it calls “unquestioned and unchallenged” U.S. dominance across the entire AI tech stack. Framing AI as a global race for technological supremacy, the Plan envisions nothing short of an industrial revolution, an information revolution—and even a renaissance—all driven by AI. 

To achieve that vision, the Plan is centered around three pillars: innovation, infrastructure, and international diplomacy and security. It calls for upskilling the workforce, revising federal rules, building high-security data centers, and tightening export controls—all whilst removing what the administration views as regulatory obstacles to faster AI adoption.

The plan also raises major questions. What’s the role of government in steering this technology responsibly? Are we building the right guardrails as we scale up? And what message is the U.S. sending to allies and adversaries as it charts a new course in AI policy?

Show Notes: 

• Sam Winter-Levy’s article, "Assessing the Trump Administration’s AI Action Plan" (July 25, 2025)
• Joshua Geltzer’s article “The Trump Administration’s AI Action Plan Is Coming. Here’s What to Look For.” (July 18, 2025) 
• Alasdair Phillips-Robins’s and Sam Winter-Levy’s article, “What Comes Next After Trump’s AI Deals in the Gulf” (June 4, 2025)
• Clara Apt and Brianna Rosen’s article “Shaping the AI Action Plan: Responses to the White House’s Request for Information” (Mar. 18, 2025)
• Brianna Rosen interview with Joshua Geltzer, “The Just Security Podcast: Trump’s AI Strategy Takes Shape” (April 17, 2025) 
• Just Security’s Tech Policy Under Trump 2.0 series 
• Just Security’s Artificial Intelligence Archive

The massive budget bill that passed this month allocates tens of billions of dollars to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and Homeland Security Investigation (HSI). The influx of funding of that scope and size will significantly expand the role DHS and immigration enforcement agencies play in American life.

What are the the institutional constraints on the FBI and law enforcement agencies compared to those on DHS and immigration enforcement? 

 To help unpack what these differences might mean for achieving policy objectives while protecting civil liberties and providing political accountability, host David Aaron is joined by Steve Cash, who comes with a wealth of high-level experience in Congress and the executive branch and who most recently served as Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security.  

Show Note:

• Just Security’s FBI Archive 
• Just Security’s DHS Archive

President Donald Trump this week put weapons behind his growing irritation with Russian President Vladimir Putin’s intransigence on negotiations to end the war in Ukraine. Meeting at the White House with NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte, President Trump announced that the United States will work with European allies in NATO to send advanced weapon systems, including Patriot missile batteries, to Ukraine. He also threatened tariffs and additional sanctions against Russia and countries that do business with it if it doesn’t ease its assault on Ukraine and make progress on stalled peace talks within 50 days. 

What impact is this policy shift likely to have on the war in Ukraine? Will the combination of military support for Ukraine and economic threats toward Russia succeed in forcing President Putin to the negotiating table, or could they spur further escalation? 

On this episode, host Viola Gienger is joined by Ambassador Daniel Fried and Dara Massicot to discuss Trump’s policy shift on Ukraine and its impact.

Show Notes:

• The Just Security Podcast: A Ukrainian MP Takes Stock of the NATO Summit and the Prospects for Peace, with Ukrainian MP Oleksiy Goncharenko, Lauren Van Metre, and Viola Gienger. 
• Ambassador Daniel Fried’s “Can Trump Seize a Win in Ukraine?” in Just Security 
• Ambassador Daniel Fried’s “How to Land the Emerging Deal on Peace for Ukraine” in Just Security 
• Just Security’s Russia-Ukraine War Archive 
• Russia's Eliminationist Rhetoric Against Ukraine: A Collection by Clara Apt in Just Security

In a picturesque valley in the mountains of eastern Bosnia, thousands of white gravestones bear witness to a mass atrocity that still struggles for a place in Europe’s conscience. Nearly 8,400 names are etched into a stone memorial, a stark reminder of the Srebrenica Genocide committed by Bosnian Serb forces against Bosnian Muslims in July 1995 – 30 years ago this year. And yet, too many political leaders and others continue denying the scale and scope of the travesty that unfolded there.

What has the world learned about genocide denial since Srebrenica? How has that denial echoed persistent efforts to negate or diminish the Holocaust? And how does denial and the politics around it tie into efforts to prevent a repeat elsewhere in the world?

Viola Gienger, Washington Senior Editor at Just Security is joined by Sead Turcalo, Professor of Security Studies at the University of Sarajevo and author of Thirty Years After the Srebrenica Genocide: Remembrance and the Global Fight Against Denial, published in Just Security; Velma Saric, founder and president of the Post-Conflict Research Center in Sarajevo; and Jacqueline Geis, Senior Director at the consulting firm Strategy for Humanity and a Research Fellow at the Human Rights Center at the University of California Berkeley School of Law

Show Notes:  

• Sead Turcalo’s “Thirty Years After the Srebrenica Genocide: Remembrance and the Global Fight Against Denial,” published in Just Security
• Jackie Geis’ “From Open-Source to All-Source: Leveraging Local Knowledge for Atrocity Prevention,” published in Just Security
• Velma Saric’s Post-Conflict Research Center and the associated blog Balkan Diskurs.
• Michael Schiffer and Pratima T. Narayan’s “Trump Administration’s Proposed Cuts to Accountability for Mass Atrocities Undermine Its Own Strategic Goal,” published in Just Security 
• Menachem Z. Rosensaft’s “Refuting Srebrenica Genocide Denial Yet Again, as UN Debates Draft Resolution,” published in Just Security
• Just Security’s Bosnia-Herzegovina archives 
• Just Security’s genocide archive 

Today, the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) delivered its highly anticipated judgement in the case of Ukraine and the Netherlands v. Russia–a watershed moment in international human rights law. 

In this episode, Just Security Executive Editor and professor at American University Washington College of Law Rebecca Hamilton, and Just Security editorial board member and professor of International Law at the Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy Tom Dannenbaum join Just Security co-editor-in-chief Ryan Goodman to break down the Court’s reasoning, the legal standards applied, and the potential ramifications for the ongoing conflict and the future of international justice. 

Show Note: 

• Tom Dannenbaum’s “Legal Frameworks for Assessing the Use of Starvation in Ukraine” in Just Security
• Olga Butkevych, Rebecca Hamilton, and Gregory Shaffer’s “International Law in the Face of Russia’s Aggression in Ukraine: The View from Lviv” 
• Ryan Goodman and Ambassador (ret) Keith Harper’s “Toward a Better Accounting of the Human Toll in Putin's War of Aggression” in Just Security 
• The Just Security Podcast: ICC Arrest Warrants for Russian Attacks on Ukraine’s Power Grid with Kateryna Busol, Rebecca Hamilton, and Paras Shah 
• Case of Ukraine and the Netherlands v. Russia Judgement (July 9, 2025) 

Iran’s nuclear program has long been a source of international tension. Early in U.S. President Donald Trump’s second term, hopes for a diplomatic resolution resurfaced—until June, when Israel launched strikes on Iranian nuclear and military sites. Days later, the United States joined the conflict, bombing three sites within Iran. Iran retaliated with missile attacks in Israel and a U.S. base in Qatar, and suspended cooperation with nuclear inspectors.

With both Washington and Tehran signaling interest in returning to talks despite the violence, what are the prospects for diplomacy now? To discuss where things stand and what a path forward might look like, Just Security’s co-editor-in-chief Tess Bridgeman is joined by Richard Nephew, a leading expert on Iran’s nuclear program and former Deputy Special Envoy for Iran.

Show Notes: 

• Just Security’s Israel-Iran Conflict Collection
• Richard Nephew’s “Did the Attacks on Iran Succeed?” in Foreign Affairs 
• Kelsey Davenport’s “Israeli Strikes Risk Driving Iran Toward Nuclear Weapons” in Just Security
• Brianna Rosen, Tess Bridgeman, and Nima Gerami’s “The Day After U.S. Strikes on Iran’s Nuclear Program: A Policy and Legal Assessment” in Just Security
• Brianna Rosen’s “Intelligence Implications of the Shifting Iran Strike Narrative” in Just Security
• Brian O’Neill’s “What Counts as a Win?: Battle Damage Assessments and Public Messaging” in Just Security
• Brian Finucane’s “The Need for a Congressional Rebuttal on Trump’s Iran Attack” in Just Security
• James Acton’s “Guest Post: Sorry, Mr. Secretary, producing uranium metal isn’t particularly difficult” in Arms Control Wonk