The Long View

Our guest this week is our colleague, Bryan Armour, who is director of passive investment strategies research, North America, for Morningstar Research Services. Bryan is also editor of the ETFInvestor newsletter. Before joining Morningstar in 2020, Bryan spent seven years working for Finra, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, conducting trade surveillance and investigations specializing in exchange-traded funds. Prior to Finra, he worked for a proprietary trading firm as an options trader at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. Bryan holds a BA in Economics from the University of Illinois and the Chartered Financial Analyst designation.

Background

Bio

Passive Investing and ETFs

“Index Funds Have Officially Won,” by John Rekenthaler, Morningstar.com, Feb. 13, 2024.

“Active Funds Fell Short of Passive Peers in 2023,” by Bryan Armour, Morningstar.com, March 12, 2024.

“It’s Official: Passive Funds Overtake Active Funds,” by Adam Sabban, Morningstar.com, Jan. 17, 2024.

“ETFs vs. Mutual Funds: The Benefits That Really Matter,” by Bryan Armour, Morningstar.com, Feb. 6, 2024.

“2023 Model Portfolio Landscape,” Morningstar.com.

“Markets Are ‘Fundamentally Broken’ Due to Passive Investing, Says David Einhorn,” by William Watts, marketwatch.com, Feb. 9, 2024.

“How Fund Fees Are the Best Predictor of Returns,” by Russ Kinnel, Morningstar.com, Jan. 12, 2026.

“Cage Match: Traditional Index Funds vs. ETFs,” by Christine Benz and Margaret Giles, Morningstar.com, Oct. 20, 2023.

“Global Fund Flows: 2023 in Review,” Morningstar.com, Feb. 6, 2024.

“A Closer Look at Vanguard’s Newest Core Bond ETFs,” by Dan Sotiroff, Morningstar.com, Feb. 12, 2024.

“3 New ETFs That Stand Out From the Pack,” by Ryan Jackson, Morningstar.com, Aug. 30, 2023.

“Converting Mutual Funds to ETFs: What to Make of the Trend,” by Daniel Sotiroff, Morningstar.com, April 11, 2023.

“How to Choose a Great Dividend ETF,” by Dan Sotiroff, Morningstar.com, May 17, 2023.

“The Best and Worst New ETFs of 2023,” by Bryan Armour, Morningstar.com, Dec. 19, 2023.

Bitcoin and Covered-Call ETFs

“Spot Bitcoin ETFs Are Here. Should You Invest?” by Bryan Armour, Morningstar.com, Jan. 11, 2024.

“Grayscale’s Victory Over the SEC Doesn’t Mean a Spot Bitcoin ETF—for Now,” by Bryan Armour, Morningstar.com, Aug. 30, 2023.

“Should You Buy a Covered-Call ETF?” Video interview with Bryan Armour and Ruth Saldanha, Morningstar.com, June 14, 2023.

Securities Mentioned

iShares ESG Aware ETF ESGU

iShares MSCI USA Quality Factor ETF QUAL

ARK Innovation ETF ARKK

Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (BTC) GBTC

JPMorgan Equity Premium Income ETF JEPI

Global X Nasdaq 100 Covered Call ETF QYLD

Vanguard’s High Dividend Yield ETF VYM

BlackRock Flexible Income ETF BINC

Schwab High Yield Bond ETF SCYB

T. Rowe Price Capital Appreciation Equity ETF TCAF

2x Bitcoin Strategy ETF BITX

YieldMax AI Option Income Strategy ETF AIYY

Other

“The ETF Rule: What It Is and Why It Matters,” by Irene Huhulea, Investopedia.com, Jan. 25, 2024.

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Our guest on the podcast today is Anne Lester. She’s author of a new book called Your Best Financial Life: Save Smart Now for the Future You Want. Before writing the book, Anne spent 20 years as head of retirement solutions for J.P. Morgan. With AARP, she co-founded The Aspen Leadership Forum on Retirement Savings. In 2020, Anne was recognized for her extraordinary lifetime contributions to Americans’ economic security with the Ray Lillywhite Award. She earned a master’s in international economics and Japan studies from Johns Hopkins University and a B.A. from Princeton. She was also awarded a Fulbright Graduate Research Fellowship.

Background

Bio

Your Best Financial Life: Save Smart Now for the Future You Want, by Anne Lester

Millennials, Money, and Investing

“Don’t Make These 6 Money Mistakes in Your 30s, Says Former JPMorgan Retirement Expert,” by Anne Lester, cnbc.com, Jan. 4, 2022.

“Fake Rich? Affluent Millennials Are More Likely to Exaggerate to Appear Wealthy. Here’s What Experts Say They Should Do Instead,” by Lorie Konish, cnbc.com, Jan. 25, 2024.

“A Spender’s Guide to Surviving Financial Mistakes With Anne Lester,” Earn & Invest podcast, earnandinvest.com.

“The Worst Money Advice on the Internet,” by Stephanie Hallett, businessinsider.com, June 2, 2022.

“Setting Aside $20 a Day Could Help You Save $1 Million for Retirement —If You Start Early,” by Cheyenne DeVon, cnbc.com, Jan. 5, 2024.

Target-Date Funds and Retirement Savings System

“Retirement Experts Identify Possible Fixes to the Retirement Savings Gap,” by Paul Mulholland, planadviser.com, Oct. 3, 2022.

“Quit Your Job? Here’s What to Do With Your 401(k),” by Jeanne Sahadi, cnn.com, Jan. 6, 2022.

“Ladies, How Much Is Really Enough for Retirement?” hermoney.com, June 23, 2022.

Other

“Brigitte Madrian: ‘Inertia Can Actually Be a Helpful Thing,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, April 22, 2020.

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Our guest this week is JB Taylor. JB is CEO of Wasatch Global Investors based in Salt Lake City, Utah, specializing in small-cap stocks. JB is also a portfolio manager on the Wasatch Core Growth Fund, which receives a Morningstar Medalist Rating of Gold. He is a member of the firm’s global research team, and he serves on the firm’s board of directors. JB joined Wasatch as an analyst in 1996 after graduating from Stanford.

Background

Bio

Wasatch Core Growth Fund

Small-Cap Funds

“A New Era for Small-Caps?” Wasatchglobal.com, Nov. 28, 2023.

“After a Rough Year, Do Small-Caps Deserve a Closer Look?” Wasatchglobal.com, Jan. 13, 2023.

“Market Scout—'Value’ Funds in a Growth Shop,” Wasatchglobal.com, Oct. 6, 2023.

Investing Globally

“Market Scout—On-the-Ground Research in India and China,” Wasatchglobal.com, July 7, 2023.

“India: A View From the Ground,” Wasatchglobal.com, July 6, 2023.

“China: A View From the Ground,” Wasatchglobal.com, June 27, 2023.

Other

The Ensign Group

O’Reilly Auto Parts

Copart

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Our guest this week is Sonali Pier. Sonali is a managing director and portfolio manager at Pimco, a global leader in fixed-income investing based in Newport Beach, California. Sonali is lead manager for the Pimco Diversified Income Fund, which carries a Gold rating from Morningstar, and she comanages a number of other strategies, including Pimco High Yield and two ETFs. She serves on various committees at Pimco, and she was honored early in her career as a Rising Talent by Morningstar’s Manager Research team. Prior to joining Pimco, Sonali was a senior credit trader at J.P. Morgan. She has a bachelor’s in economics from Princeton.

Background

Bio

“The Top Female Portfolio Managers to Invest With Now,” by Megan Pacholok and Amrutha Alladi, Morningstar.com, March 6, 2023.

Pimco Access Income Fund

Pimco Dynamic Income Opportunities Fund

Pimco Enhanced Low Duration Active ETF

Pimco Multisector Bond Active ETF

Pimco Credit Opportunities Bond Fund

Pimco Diversified Income Fund

Pimco High Yield Fund

Pimco High Yield Spectrum Fund

Pimco Low Duration Credit Fund

Macro Views and Asset-Class Reflections

“Prime Time for Bonds,” by Erin Browne, Geraldine Sundstrom, and Emmanuel E. Sharef, pimco.com, Nov. 14, 2023.

“Why Fixed Income Is Looking ‘Rather Attractive’ Given Potential Recession Risks,” Video interview, finance.yahoo.com, July 20, 2023.

“The Power of Flexibility in Multi-Sector Credit,” Video, pimco.com, July 2023.

“Inflation: ‘There’s Certainly a Pathway Towards a Soft Landing,’ Portfolio Manager Says,” Video interview, finance.yahoo.com, June 7, 2022.

“Bond Market: Strategist Details Where to Find the ‘Sweet Spot’ in Fixed Income,” Video interview, finance.yahoo.com, Jan. 4, 2023.

“Fed ‘Likely to Pause’ Following 25 Basis Point Rate Hike, Portfolio Manager Says,” Video interview, finance.yahoo.com, May 4, 2023.

“Spotting Opportunities in the High Yield Ratings Migration,” by Sonali Pier and Sabeen Firozali, pimco.com, Jan. 24, 2022.

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Our guest on the podcast today is Marc Freedman. He is the co-CEO and founder of Encore.org, which is now known as CoGenerate and is geared toward helping people pursue meaningful work later in life. Freedman is also the author of How to Live Forever: The Enduring Power of Connecting the Generations. He co-founded Experience Corps to mobilize people over 50 to improve the school performance and prospects of low-income elementary school students in 22 U.S. cities. Freedman also spearheaded the creation of the Encore Fellowships program, a one-year fellowship helping individuals translate their midlife skills into second acts focused on social impact, and the Purpose Prize, an annual $100,000 prize for social entrepreneurs in the second half of life. Freedman received his bachelor’s degree from Swarthmore College and his Master of Business Administration from the Yale School of Management.

Background

Bio

CoGenerate

Experience Corps

How to Live Forever: The Enduring Power of Connecting the Generations, by Marc Freedman

Age Diversity

“Overcoming Age Segregation,” by Marc Freedman and Trent Stamp, Stanford Social Innovation Review, March 15, 2021.

“Will 2023 Be the Year That We Begin to Make the Most of Age Diversity in the Workplace?” by Ramona Schindelheim, WorkingNation, Dec. 27, 2022.

“Harnessing the Power of Age Diversity,” by Alene Dawson, John Templeton Foundation, Oct. 31, 2023.

“America Is Arguably the Most Age-Diverse Society in Human History—It’s High Time to Prepare for Our Increasingly Multigenerational Workforce,” by Ramona Shindelheim, WorkingNation, Dec. 10, 2023.

Encore Careers

“Encore Career: What It Is, How It Works, Prevalence,” by Julia Kagan, Investopedia, Jan. 16, 2022.

Encore: Finding Work That Matters in the Second Half of Life, by Marc Freedman

“The Case for Putting Seniors in Charge of Universal Pre-K | Opinion,” by Marc Freedman and Carol Larson, Newsweek, Nov. 29, 2021.

The Purpose Prize

Work/Life Across Generations

“Kerry Hannon: Remote Work Trend Benefits Older Workers,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar, Oct. 20, 2020.

“Is America Ready to Unleash a Multigenerational Force for Good?” A National Opinion Survey From Encore.org With NORC at the University of Chicago.

Other

“The Globe: How BMW Is Diffusing the Demographic Time Bomb,” by Christoph Loch, Fabian J. Sting, Nikolaus Bauer, and Helmut Mauermann, Harvard Business Review, March 2010.

From Strength to Strength, by Arthur Brooks

Maggie Kuhn

Harvard Advanced Leadership Initiative

Encore Fellowships

David Galenson

Troops to Teachers

Modern Elder Academy

Live to 100: Secrets of the Blue Zones

“Dr. Anita Mukherjee: Exploring the Link Between Wealth, Longevity, and Quality of Life,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar, Oct. 10, 2023.

Now Teach

Michael Gurven

The Encore Career Handbook, by Marci Alboher

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Our guest on the podcast today is Roger Young. Roger is thought leadership director at T. Rowe Price, where he and his team conduct research on retirement planning and financial planning matters. Roger has been with T. Rowe Price since 2017. Prior to that, he was a financial advisor at Wells Fargo Advisors, and he’s also held a number of corporate finance roles. Roger earned an M.S. in manufacturing and operations systems from Carnegie Mellon University, an M.S. in operations research and statistics from the University of Maryland, and a B.B.A. in accounting from Loyola University, Maryland. He is a Certified Financial Planner professional.

Background

Bio

Thought Leadership Projects

“How Coordinating Beneficiary Designations Can Increase Your After-Tax Legacy,” by Roger Young, troweprice.com, Oct. 12, 2023.

“Is Financial Advice Worth Paying For? Investors Share Their Perspectives,” by Roger Young, troweprice.com, Oct. 25, 2023.

Retirement: Financial Considerations

“2024 U.S. Retirement Market Outlook,” troweprice.com.

“How to Make Sure You Won’t Outlive Your Retirement Savings,” by Jasmin Suknanan, cnbc.com, July 30, 2023.

“How to Determine the Amount of Income You Will Need at Retirement,” by Roger Young, troweprice.com, Feb. 1, 2023.

“A Closer Look at RMDs and the New SECURE 2.0 Rules,” by Roger Young, troweprice.com, July 24, 2023.

“Spenders vs. Savers: How to Determine Your Retirement Spending Personality,” troweprice.com, Dec. 7, 2023.

“How to Make Your Retirement Account Withdrawals Work Best for You,” by Roger Young, troweprice.com, Aug. 7, 2023.

“Helpful Options to Take Into Consideration for Your 401(k) at Retirement,” by Roger Young and Judith Ward, troweprice.com, Feb. 6, 2024.

“A Closer Look at RMDs and the New SECURE 2.0 Rules,” by Roger Young, troweprice.com, July 24, 2023.

“How Catch-Up Contributions Help You Reach Your Retirement Savings Goal,” by Roger Young, troweprice.com, Sept. 12, 2023.

Retirement: Nonfinancial Considerations

“Beyond Retirement Savings: How to Achieve the Post-Career Life You Want,” by Roger Young, troweprice.com, Sept. 26, 2023.

“4 Things to Do in the Decade Leading Up to Retirement,” by Roger Young and Judith Ward, troweprice.com, April 10, 2023.

“‘Unretiring’: Why Recent Retirees Want to Go Back to Work,” by Judith Ward, troweprice.com, Sept. 18, 2023.

“5 Important Factors to Consider When Planning for Retirement,” T. Rowe Price, forbes.com, Dec. 19, 2022.

“Need to Boost Your Retirement Savings? Spend Less to Save More,” by Lindsay Theodore, troweprice.com, Jan. 23, 2024.

Other

“The State of Retirement Income 2023,” by Amy Arnott, John Rekenthaler, and Christine Benz, Morningstar.com, November 2023.

Retire, Inc.

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Our guest this week is Justin Leverenz, who is the team leader and senior portfolio manager for the emerging-markets equity team at Invesco. Leverenz joined Invesco when it combined with OppenheimerFunds in 2019. He started managing the strategy now known as Invesco Developing Markets in May 2007, having joined Oppenheimer as a research analyst in 2004. Before that, he was the director of Pan-Asian technology research for Goldman Sachs. Leverenz has worked in Taiwan and Scotland. He is a fluent Mandarin speaker, and he holds bachelor’s and master’s degrees from the University of California.

Background

Bio

Invesco Developing Markets

Market View

“Mexico: A Few Reasons Why We’re Bullish on This Neglected Developing Market,” by Justin Leverenz, Invesco, March 17, 2023.

“The Case for Mexican Equities,” by Justin Leverenz, LinkedIn, April 6, 2023.

Emerging Markets

“FAQ: Our Active Approach to Emerging Markets,” by Justin Leverenz, Invesco, June 12, 2023.

“The Case for Emerging Markets,” by Justin Leverenz, LinkedIn, May 2, 2023.

“Why a Huge Emerging-Markets Fund Is Reopening to New Investors,” by Gregg Wolper, Morningstar, Feb. 16, 2023.

“What Is Going on With Chinese Equities?” by Justin Leverenz, LinkedIn, July 28, 2023.

“Why Hasn’t Fed Tightening Led to an EM Crisis?” by Justin Leverenz, LinkedIn, June 23, 2023.

“Invesco’s Justin Leverenz—Putting Emerging Markets Challenges Into Perspective,” WealthDFM, May 26, 2022.

Growth Themes

“Electric Vehicles and Renewable Power Fuel Emerging Market Investment Opportunities,” by Justin Leverenz, LinkedIn, Nov. 15, 2023.

“Western Spirits Companies Turning to China and India to Fuel Growth,” by Justin Leverenz, Invesco, May 22, 2023.

“Chinese Health Care Companies: A Growing Force for Global Innovation,” by Justin Leverenz, LinkedIn, March 16, 2021.

“Humans vs. Machines: Who Has the Edge in Emerging Markets?” by Justin Leverenz, Invesco, April 3, 2023.

Funds/Companies Mentioned

Yum China

H World

ZTO

Tencent

NetEase

Grupo Mexico

Pinduoduo

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Our guests this week are Joel Fried and Al Mordecai of Primecap Management. Primecap is the longtime manager of several Vanguard funds, including Vanguard Primecap, as well as the Primecap Odyssey family of funds. This year, Vanguard Primecap will celebrate its 40th anniversary as a mutual fund. Over its life, Vanguard Primecap has handily topped the broad U.S. stock markets and relevant growth indexes, and Primecap’s other funds have also racked up impressive results. Morningstar has recognized Primecap for its successful record in shareholder-friendly practices on several occasions, most recently in the 2022 Morningstar Awards for Investing Excellence, when our analysts named the firm as the winner in the Exemplary Stewardship category. Before that, Primecap was a two-time winner of Morningstar’s annual Manager of the Year award.

Background

Joel Fried bio

Al Mordecai bio

Primecap Management

“U.S. Morningstar Awards for Investing Excellence: The Winners,” by Sarah Bush, Morningstar.com, April 20, 2022.

“Morningstar Awards for Investing Excellence: Exemplary Stewardship Nominees,” by Gabriel Denis, Morningstar.com, March 14, 2023.

Funds and Companies Mentioned

Primecap Odyssey Stock

Primecap Odyssey Growth

Primecap Odyssey Aggressive Growth

Vanguard Capital Opportunity

American Funds AMCAP

Adobe

Eli Lilly

Splunk

Alibaba

Baidu

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Our guest this week on The Long View is Jody Jonsson. Jody is a 33-year veteran of Capital Group, a Los Angeles-based investment manager, where she is vice chair. Since 2005, Jody has been a portfolio manager on American Funds New Perspective, a global equity strategy, for which she has been honored with various Morningstar awards over the years. She serves on the management committee and the target-date solutions committee for Capital and was an equity analyst for many years after getting degrees from Princeton and Stanford.

Background

Bio

Capital Group

American Funds New Perspective

Investment Company Institute

Global Investing

“New Reality for Investors: 5 Big Trends Changing Markets,” by Jody Jonsson, capitalgroup.com, Nov. 2, 2022.

“Multinational Companies Can Thrive in Tough Times,” by Jody Jonsson, capitalgroup.com, March 2, 2023.

“Outlook: Long-Term Perspective on Markets and Economies,” Jody Jonsson, capitalgroup.com, 2023 edition.

“Emerging Markets: Positive Signs Even as China Slows,” by F. Chapman Taylor, Lisa Thompson, Brad Freer, and Kent Chan, capitalgroup.com, Oct. 18, 2023.

Markets, Artificial Intelligence, and ETFs

“The Changing Face of Trade: Idea-Driven Companies Come to the Fore,” Capital Ideas, Investment Insights from Capital Group, capitalgroup.com, Nov. 7, 2023.

“Magnificent Seven: What Do You Need to Believe?” by David Polak, capitalgroup.com, Jan. 9, 2024.

“AI: What It Means for Investors,” by Mark Casey, Richmond Wolf, and Drew Macklis, capitalgroup.com, April 13, 2023.

“AI and the New Megacycle for Tech,” by Julien Gaertner, Drew Macklis, and Mihir Mehta, capitalgroup.com, July 25, 2023.

“The World in 2030: Investing for the Next Decade,” by Martin Romo and Jody Jonsson, capitalgroup.com, Feb. 19, 2021.

“Meet the Suite: Exploring the Potential Benefits of Capital Group’s ETF Lineup,” capitalgroup.com, Oct. 2, 2023.

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Our guest on the podcast today is Howard Gleckman. He is the author of a book called Caring for Our Parents and an expert on the topic of aging and caregiving. Howard is also a senior fellow at the Urban Institute where he is affiliated with the Tax Policy Center and the Program on Retirement Policy. He also writes a tax and budget policy blog called TaxVox, which is available at Forbes.com. Before joining the Urban Institute, he was a senior correspondent in the Washington Bureau of Businessweek.

Background

Bio

Urban Institute

TaxVox blog

Caring For Our Parents, by Howard Gleckman

Long-Term Care and Cognitive Decline

“Is Long-Term Care a Predictable Need, or an Unexpected One?” by Howard Gleckman, Forbes.com, April 15, 2022.

“The U.S. Needs to Help Seniors and Their Families Navigate Long-Term Care,” by Howard Gleckman, Forbes.com, Oct. 11, 2022.

“The Quiet Struggles With Those Living Alone With Memory Loss,” by Howard Gleckman, Forbes.com, July 18, 2023.

“Which States Provide the Best—and Worst—Long-Term Care Services?” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, Oct. 2, 2023.

“Why Are Care Delivery Models for People With Dementia Developing so Slowly?” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, June 27, 2023.

“FDA Has Approved the Anti-Alzheimer’s Drug, Leqembi. What You Need to Know,” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, July 6, 2023.

“Experts Raise Questions About the Safety of Anti-Alzheimer’s Drug Leqembi,” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, April 25, 2023.

“Aging in Place Is all the Rage, But It’s Not Easy,” by Howard Gleckman, Forbes.com, March 21, 2022.

Cost of Care

“Medicaid Will Pay for a Common Alzheimer’s Test But It May Not Be Reliable,” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, Jan. 9, 2024.

“Why Medicare Is Right to Negotiate Drug Prices,” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, Aug. 30, 2023.

“The Biggest Barrier to New Anti-Alzheimer’s Drugs May Be Cost, Not Medicare Rules,” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, June 14, 2023.

“The War Over Whether Medicare Should Pay for new Anti-Alzheimer’s Drugs,” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, May 17, 2023.

“The U.S. Predicts Big Increases in Skilled Nursing and Long-Term Care Costs,” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, April 14, 2023.

“Should You Enroll in a Medicare Advantage Plan?” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, Nov. 1, 2022.

Government and Policy

“CMS’ New Transparency Rule Can Help ‘Weed Out a Few Bad Actors’ but Won’t Impact Deals Much, Other Factors at Play,” by Shelby Grebbin, skillednursingnews.com, Dec. 6, 2023.

“Forbes’ Gleckman: Biden’s PE Ownership Scrutiny Is ‘Two Beats Behind,’” by Amy Stulick, skillednursingnews.com, April 28, 2022.

“Who Really Owns Nursing Homes, and How the Feds Are About to Learn More,” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, Nov. 27, 2023.

“Should State Long-Term Care Insurance Funds Invest in Stocks?” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, June 22, 2023.

Caregivers

“Forget National Caregivers Month. Think About What Family Caregivers Need,” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, Nov. 7, 2023.

“For the First Time, Traditional Medicare Will Pay to Support Family Caregivers,” by Howard Gleckman, howardgleckman.com, Aug. 23, 2023.

Other

Lotsa Helping Hands

Medicare.gov

Five-Star Quality Rating System

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