Grey zone and hybrid warfare are no longer peripheral challenges—they are shaping the security environment that democracies must navigate every day.

In this episode of World of Intelligence, Christina Varriale and Sean Corbett are joined by Elisabeth Braw, Senior Fellow, Atlantic Council to unpack what grey zone and hybrid warfare really mean, and why precision in how we define them matters. The conversation explores how hostile actors operate below the threshold of armed conflict, blending kinetic and non kinetic activity to disrupt societies, undermine trust and complicate decision making.

From sabotage and cyber operations to disinformation, espionage and the weaponisation of migration, the discussion examines how these tactics have evolved in scale, scope and intent—particularly since 2022.

The panel considers what this means for governments, industry and society at large, including the role of public awareness, resilience and open source intelligence in identifying and mitigating grey zone activity. They also discuss why confronting conflict below the threshold is one of the defining security challenges of our time.