Besides spaghetti and meatballs, no other dish is as wildly popular as Chicken Parmigiana, or chicken parm. This comforting meal can be found in every pizzeria and red sauce joint in the New York metro area but is also available across the country at various chain restaurants. Chicken parm is so synonymous with Italian-American food that many may find it hard to believe it is almost impossible to find anywhere in Italy. So where exactly does chicken parm come from?
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Chicken parmigiana, also known as chicken parmesan or just chicken parm combines thinly sliced breaded and fried chicken cutlets with tomato sauce that's topped with mozzarella cheese and baked until the cheese is melted, bubbly, and lightly golden.
It's loved by all...well, at least by those here in the US.
Chicken parm, while synonymous with Italian-American food, does not originate in Italy and the Italians who are aware prefer to deny its existence and may even find it offensive.
In this episode, we explore the origins of chicken parm, how it stems from melanzane alla parmigiana, also known as eggplant parm, and its importance to the Italian-Americans who proliferated its popularity.
We discuss its ingredients, how it's made, and variations such as our layered eggplant and chicken parm.
Most importantly, we pay respect to a dish that's often looked down upon for seemingly no good reason. We're not ashamed to say we love chicken parmigiana!
Resources
Sip and Feast Chicken Parm Recipe
How to Make Chicken Milanese
How to Make Pasta Bolognese
The Story Behind Chicken Parmigiana
The Origins of Chicken Parm Have Nothing to Do With Chicken
Legacy of Chicken Parmigiana
The Untold Trust of Chicken Parmesan
Chicken Parm and spaghetti and Meatballs are not Real Italian Food
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Transcript
Intro
James (00:00):Welcome back to the Sip and Feast podcast. Today we're going to talk about chicken parmesan or chicken parm. This is everybody's favorite, I would think, especially if you're listening to this content. Before we get into that, I just want to let you know that we're going to be uploading the podcast either on Monday or Tuesday. Now, we're going to leave it to you to tell us which would be your preferred day. Those are the only two choices you have. That's it, but it could be morning or at night. Also, for all your questions, email us at [email protected].
Why should you like it?
(00:32):So before we get into it, I just want to sell you on why you should like chicken parm, why you should be thinking about chicken parm the way we think about chicken parm. Chicken parm really simply is a breaded cutlet that is fried, never baked. It has a delicious sauce. Often it's a fresh sauce, mozzarella cheese melted on top of it. It is comfort food. It is Italian American comfort food. It is uniquely Italian American. It is not an Italian thing, and it is a great thing. It's an amazing thing, and I would go out on a limb and say Italians, people in Italy, wish they could take ownership of it, but they can't. They just can't. So what they do then is-
Tara (01:17):They don't want to take ownership of it.
James (01:19):What they do then is bash it.
Tara (01:21):I actually just read an article, and I was going to save this to talk about later, but this is a good time for me to interject. I read an article saying that Italians try desperately to forget that chicken parm exists in the world, and that they are so traumatized by the fact that this recipe exists.
James (01:43):That's so funny.
Tara (01:44):And the article was written by an Italian, not an Italian American.
James (01:48):Yeah. But again, I don't think-
Tara (01:49):It's a traumatizing dish.
James (01:50):I don't think that person speaks for everybody in Italy.
Tara (01:53):They might not, but I'm just telling you what I read.
James (01:55):Just like people who'd write an article about Americans, and if they're writing it from someone who's in LA or someone who is in Florida, they don't speak for me. They don't speak for you.
Tara (02:04):Right. That's true.
James (02:05):But, yeah, you're saying that they all hate chicken parm.
Tara (02:07):Based on what I've read.
Where to find chicken parmigiana
James (02:09):So I know you love chicken parm, 'cause you're still with me. Let's get into it.
Tara (02:15):So do you want to talk about some of the places you'd find chicken parm or the ways that it would be served here?
James (02:20):Where you would find chicken parm would be from the most inexpensive pizzeria or chain restaurant like the Olive Garden, or Carrabba's, or something like that. All the way to the most expensive restaurants like El Molino, Rao's, Carbone, or Carbone, however people are saying it. Is it better in those restaurants paying 50, 60, maybe $70 for it versus your local pizzeria? I'm not sure.
Tara (02:50):Yeah. I think a lot of it probably comes down to the level of preparation that the restaurant's putting into it. I know there's certain shortcuts that places can take. They can use a frozen cutlet from a bag-
James (03:04):Ugh, that's horrible.
Tara (03:04):… and make it with that, or they can make it-
James (03:07):That's a travesty.
Tara (03:09):They can make it the real way.
James (03:09):I don't think anybody's doing it that way.
Tara (03:11):No, I think they are.
James (03:13):Not your local pizzeria.
Tara (03:14):Not your local pizzeria. But I think maybe in other parts of the country where pizzerias aren't as prolific or available, they are doing it that way.
James (03:27):When I'm speaking about what a pizzeria is doing, I'm speaking about what a pizzeria here in New York is doing. And they wouldn't be caught dead doing a frozen cutlet out of a bag, just like they wouldn't be caught dead not making a pizza the way it's supposed to be made.
Tara (03:43):Is The Olive Garden really using fresh chicken cutlets that they're pounding and frying? I would guess not, but if somebody who's listening has worked at The Olive Garden and you happen to know, let me know if I'm wrong.
James (03:55):You're right. They probably are using it out of the bag. I had a friend who worked at the Macaroni Grill in college.
Tara (04:00):Oh, I remember that place.
James (04:00):Yeah. Yeah.
Tara (04:02):Yeah.
James (04:02):So I would think it's fairly similar.
Chicken parm origin
Tara (04:04):But I think if you're going to some of the more high-end places, they probably are taking the time to pound the cutlet and really just do it the right way. I think it's maybe helpful to back up a little bit and talk about maybe the backstory.
James (04:18):The origin.
Tara (04:19):The origin of Chicken parm, and we already talked about the fact that it is not an Italian dish. However, its roots are in Italy. And it's from eggplant parm, which in Italy is called melanzane alla parmigiana. So there are some speculations by food historians as to what city or what region this dish originated in. It's possible that it's from the city of Parma, which is in the northern part of Italy, and it's actually in the northern part of Amelia Romana.
James (04:59):That's the predominant explanation. I think that's because they're the victors. They get to try to write the history more than southern Italians.
Tara (05:08):So there's a few other theories. Okay? So the reason why that theory exists is because Parma is the name of the city, Parmigiana, but because melanzane alla parmigiana was popular in the southern regions like Campania and Sicily, that's more likely where eggplant parm comes from. So there's an authority on Sicilian food that I read an article about. His name is Pino Correnti. His theory is that the word parmigiana stems from the word damigiana, which is a wicker sleeve that's used for wine bottles, and also the same type of sleeve would be used for the hot casserole dish that eggplant parm would've been served in. Another theory is that the word is derived from the Sicilian word palmigiana, P-A-L-M-I-G-I-A-N-A, meaning the slats on a roof, which would resemble the layering or the shingle-like layering of the eggplant.
James (06:12):That's what I read, but it said parmiciana. So C-I-A-N-C-A is the slats.
Tara (06:19):I'm just telling you what I-
James (06:19):No, keep going.
Tara (06:20):And we'll link all these articles-
James (06:22):Yeah, keep going with what you have.
Tara (06:23):… and sources. So those are the theories as to where melanzane alla parmigiana actually comes from.
James (06:31):Do you have more or is that it? I have another one.
Tara (06:34):Those are the theories on the words that I found.
James (06:36):Okay. I read that it came from the Middle East. All right? That's where it came from. Some food historians speculate that the dish originally was meant to duplicate, I'm thinking of the Greek dish with eggplant in it, it's like-
Tara (06:50):Moussaka?
James (06:51):Moussaka. Yeah. So that's what I read. I did read that.
Tara (06:54):Okay. I didn't even see that.
James (06:55):The early version of moussaka, so layered egg plant, which is what moussaka is. Moussaka, and I'm not an expert on this at all, but it's ground beef, like seasoned ground beef, layered eggplant. I think it's pre-fried or pre-roasted, and then layered potatoes, and then all topped with a bechamel sauce.