Divrei Hayamim I ch.4 is filled yet again with names. Whereas much of teh detail here seem incosequential to us, Midrash uses these texts as a commentary about some of the familiar heroes of Tanakh.

This genealogical list gives us the family tree of the House of David.

It is amazing what one can learn from a simple list of names.

From the universal we turn to the family tree of Yehuda and we meed personalities like Achan, Hur, Betzalel, Calev and ... David, later to be king.

Today we describe how several of the chapter's features match the agenda of Divrei Hayamim.

In this podcast we offer an introduction to the structure and themes of Divrei Hayamim.

Nehemiah returns to Jerusalem and finds that Toviah has a office in the Temple (- he throws him out -) , that Shabbat is being widely broken in Jerusalem, and that intermarriage continues among the elites of the city.

We discuss the manner in which the rabbinic tradition took these areas of weakness and enacted new laws to bolster religious observance. It might be that Judaism has only survived due to these changes.

The walls of Jerusalem are dedicated with pomp and circumstance in a double procession, concluding with a feast at the Temple.

Why are the walls not merely ...walls? Why do they have religious significance?

In this chapter, a lottery is made and one out of ten families are "volunteered" to live in Jerusalem!

At the end of the national "happening" in Jerusalem, Ezra and Nehemiah have the people sign a covenant committing themselves to Torah and religious observance.

What are the implications of this moment?

Before the people disband, they dress in sackcloth and confess their sins before God.

The Levites lead a heartfelt prayer reviewing Jewish history - the people's rebellious nature, and God's forbearance and mercy.

It is the 1st of Tishrei - what we call Rosh Hashannah.

Ezra and Nehemiah join hands and arrange a huge gathering in which the Torah is brought out of the Temple and read and translated. The text emphasizes that Ezra took special measures to have the people understand the sacred text - he translated and explained it - and that the people did indeed comprehend. This is the beginning, the first step of Torah Study as a key tool of Jewish life and continuity.