Tradeoffs

Next week many of the country’s health economists will gather in St. Louis to share new research at the annual meeting of the American Society of Health Economists. This week health economist Sayeh Nikpay gives us a sneak peek at some of the most exciting papers coming out of this conference.

Guest:

Sayeh Nikpay, PhD, MPH, Tradeoffs Senior Research Advisor; Associate Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health

Links to more info on the studies mentioned in today's episode:

• Thomas Thivillion on gas cooking subsidies
• Mark Meiselbach and Jean Abraham on minimum wage laws
• Manasvini Singh and Stephen Schwab on how power shapes patient care in the military care

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There’s growing excitement that artificial intelligence can make health care better by speeding up care, improving diagnoses and easing the burden on a burned out workforce. But there are also concerns that these powerful new tools will perpetuate biases and inequities long baked into our health care system.

In Part 2 of our special series on racial bias in health care AI, we dig into what the Biden administration is doing to keep biased algorithms from getting to the bedside.

Guests:

Emily Sterrett, MD, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Director of Improvement Science, Duke University School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics

Mark Sendak, MD, MPP, Population Health & Data Science Lead, Duke Institute for Health Innovation

Minerva Tantoco, Chief AI Officer, New York University McSilver Institute for Poverty, Policy and Research

Carmel Shachar, JD, MPH, Executive Director, Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School

Kathryn Marchesini, JD, Chief Privacy Officer, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology

Melanie Fontes Rainer, JD, Director, HHS Office for Civil Rights

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There’s growing excitement that artificial intelligence can make health care better by speeding up care, improving diagnoses and easing the burden on a burned out workforce. But there are also concerns that these powerful new tools will perpetuate biases and inequities long baked into our health care system.

In the first of two back-to-back episodes on racial bias in health care AI, we explore the challenge of diagnosing bias in AI and what one health system is trying to do about it.

Guests:

Emily Sterrett, MD, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Director of Improvement Science, Duke University School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics

Mark Sendak, MD, MPP, Population Health & Data Science Lead, Duke Institute for Health Innovation

Ganga Moorthy, MD, Global Health Fellow, Duke Pediatric Infectious Disease Program

Paige Nong, PhD Candidate, University of Michigan School of Public Health

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Black Americans are at higher risk for many serious illnesses like dementia and kidney failure. But data show they are less likely to have their pain treated and less likely to access services like hospice and palliative care that can reduce suffering, especially at the end of life.

This week, we explore what stops seriously ill Black patients and their families from getting the care they want in life and in death.

Guests:

Deborah Brunson, PhD, Caregiver and Professor Emeritus, University of North Carolina Wilmington

Karen Bullock, PhD, LCSW, Professor, Boston College School of Social Work

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Every year, 100,000 Americans — mostly teens and young adults — experience their first psychotic episode. Research shows getting specialized, holistic treatment early can help, but most people don’t get that care. KQED’s April Dembosky shares her reporting on why early treatment for psychosis can be so hard to get.

Guest

April Dembosky, Health Correspondent, KQED News

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Medicare could soon pay hospitals much less for common outpatient services like x-rays and checkups.

This week, we explain an old policy gathering new steam in Washington, how it could save Medicare and patients billions of dollars a year, and why it has hospitals worried.

Guests: 

Loren Adler, MS, Fellow and Associate Director, USC-Brookings Schaeffer Initiative for Health Policy

Joe Antos, PhD, Senior Fellow, American Enterprise Institute

Amol Navathe, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Health Policy and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania

Hannah Neprash, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of Minnesota School of Public Health 

Ashley Thompson, MHA, Senior Vice President, American Hospital Association

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Just like the rest of us, when clinicians are short on time and overwhelmed by complex decisions, their brains look for corners to cut, numbers to round, patterns to repeat. This week, Dan talks with Harvard physician and economist Bapu Jena about the surprising impact these mental shortcuts can have on our health care.

Guest:

Bapu Jena, MD, PhD, Professor of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital

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A new class of drugs can help people lose up to one-fifth of their body weight and manage serious health conditions associated with obesity. But they’re also raising difficult questions. This week, we talk with STAT reporter Elaine Chen about how these breakthrough treatments are changing how we view and treat obesity. 

Guest:

Elaine Chen, Cardiovascular Disease Reporter, STAT

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About half of people on Medicare use hospice care before they die, but as the popular benefit turns 40 this year, it is struggling with waste, access and inequity issues. 

This week, we look at a federal experiment revamping Medicare's hospice policy, and how it could ultimately change the way millions of people die.

Guests:

Vince Mor, PhD, Professor of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University

Bethany Snider, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Hosparus Health

David Stevenson, PhD, Professor of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Leslie Walker, Senior Producer, Tradeoffs

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The Affordable Care Act faces yet another in a long string of legal challenges. Last Thursday's ruling, by a conservative federal judge who has targeted the ACA before, jeopardizes a provision in the law that gives 150 million Americans access to free preventive care for conditions like HIV and cancer.

Guest:

Nicholas Bagley, JD, Professor of Law, University of Michigan

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