Read this essay at The Sonneteer!
Sonnet types discussed:
The Sicilian: ABAB ABAB, CDC DCD
The Italian: ABBA ABBA, CDC DCD
The English: ABAB, CDCD, EFEF, GG
The French: ABAB, CDCD, EEF, GGF
The Spenserian: ABAB, BCBC, CDCD, EE
The Miltonic: Italian, with enjambment, delayed volta, and non-courtly/erotic content
The Meredithian: ABBA, CDDC, EFFE, GHHG
The Pushkin: aBaB, ccDD, eFFe, GG
The Hilbertian: ABC ABC, DEF DEF, GG
The Terza Rima: ABA, BCB, CDC, DED, EE
The Hybrid: Various. Ex: ABBA ABBA, CDCD, EE
The Caudate: Various. Usually Italian, plus cauda (tail)
The Curtal: Various. Sestet plus “super-quatrain” (quatrain + hemistich)
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Supported in part by The Ohio Poetry Association
Art by David Anthony Klug
List of the most common metrical feet:
Iamb: weak-STRONG (u /)
Trochee: STRONG-weak (/ u)
Anapest: weak-weak-STRONG (u u /)
Amphibrach: weak-STRONG-weak (u / u)
Dactyl: STRONG-weak-weak (/ u u)
Cretic: STRONG-weak-STRONG (/ u /)
Pyrrhic: weak-weak (u u)
Spondee: STRONG-STRONG (/ /)