The paradox of tolerance is a philosphical thought experiment inspired in part by a curiosity about what gave rise to Hitler. The inquiry extrapolates what happens when allowing in ideas includes allowing in ideas that demand shutting out ideas. More directly, when you tolerate intolerance, you end up with no tolerance, but you must be intolerant to allow tolerance... paradoxically. Be prepared to hear the word "toleranace." Despite being an argument from logic, it may offer some pragmatic future directions for humanity. 

Recommendations

• Abraham: Severance (season 2; https://tv.apple.com/us/show/severance/umc.cmc.1srk2goyh2q2zdxcx605w8vtx)
• Shane: The Blacktongue Thief (https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250621191/theblacktonguethief/)

Holidays (3/5/2025):

• Discover What Your Name Means Day
• Equal Pay Day
• International Open Data Day
• National Absinthe Day
• National Cheese Doodle Day
• National Multiple Personality Day
• National Potty Dance Day
• National Poutine Day
• National Scott Day
• Pasty Day
• Reel Film Day
• British Pie Week
• Chocolate Chip Cookie Week
• Dental Assistant Week
• Hearing Awareness Week
• National Aardvark Week
• National Consumer Protection Week
• National Ghostwriters Week
• National Invest in Veteran’s Week
• Ramadan

Links: 

1. https://medium.com/@parkermolloy/deconstructing-the-tolerance-paradox-why-conservatives-go-to-line-is-garbage-666a1bf04a65
2. https://markmanson.net/the-paradox-of-tolerance
3. https://nicolagriffith.com/2024/10/30/the-paradox-of-tolerance/
4. https://www.freiheit.org/mexico/limits-tolerance-poppers-paradox
5. https://academy4sc.org/video/paradox-of-tolerance-to-tolerate-or-not-to-tolerate/
6. https://www.thefire.org/news/so-you-think-youre-tolerant-paradox-tolerance
7. https://www.usj.edu.lb/news.php?id=9643
8. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/popper/
9. https://iep.utm.edu/pop-sci/#:~:text=In%20contrast%20to%20such%20paradigmatically,compatible%20with%20every%20possible%20observation.

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Do thoughts cause behavior? A common question about behavior is how we understand the variables of behavior to be external if we can observe our own internal behavior. That is, how do we umderstand the relation between thoughts and behavior? We explain a concept called the "locus of control" as it relates to unerstanding how behavior is shaped. 

Support us at patreon.com/wwdwwdpodcast

Link and References: 

1. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10698268/#:~:text=Locus%20of%20control%20describes%20the,control%20(Rotter%2C%201966).

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/why-we-do-what-we-do--3419521/support.

The current trend to discontinue and dismantle DEI motivated us to look into this suddently controversial issue. DEI will be another corpse on the pile of convenient corpses that were easy targets. But, what does Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion mean? What are the impacts it has had? What will happen when it's gone? The implications are further reaching than you might think.

Recommendations

• Abraham: Put “DEI” into everything
• Shane: Captain America: Brave New World (https://www.marvel.com/movies/captain-america-brave-new-world)

Holidays (2/26/2025):

• Black Lives Matter
• Carnival Day
• Carpe Diem Day
• For Pete’s Sake Day
• Inconvenience Yourself Day
• Maha Shivaratri
• National Customized Wheel and Tire Day
• National Letter to an Elder Day
• National Personal Chef’s Day
• National Pistachio Day
• Pink Shirt Day
• Tell a Fairy Tell Day
• Thermos Bottle Day
• International Energy Week
• National Chip Week (UK)
• National Eating Disorders Awareness Week
• National Green Week
• National Invasive Species Awareness Week

Links and References: 

1. https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2023/05/17/diversity-equity-and-inclusion-in-the-workplace/
2. https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/what-is-dei
3. https://builtin.com/diversity-inclusion/what-does-dei-mean-in-the-workplace
4. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/dc-plane-crash-black-hawk-crew-order-plane-investigation/
5. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/using-dei-strengthen-infrastructure-rural-areas-michele-heyward-eit-clauc/
6. https://dailyyonder.com/commentary-eliminating-dei-hurts-everyone-rural-people-included/2025/02/03/
7. https://www.forbes.com/sites/juliekratz/2024/12/29/history-of-dei-why-it-matters-for-the-future/
8. https://www.cnn.com/2025/01/22/us/dei-diversity-equity-inclusion-explained/index.html
9. https://hub.jhu.edu/2023/11/22/affirmative-action-debate/
10. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffraikes/2023/01/27/the-court-is-coming-for-affirmative-action-that-would-be-a-terrible-mistake/
11. https://edtrust.org/blog/a-brief-history-of-affirmative-action-and-the-assault-on-race-conscious-admissions/
12. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/1/31/did-trumps-firing-of-aviation-officials-increase-likelihood-of-dc-crash#:~:text=Meanwhile%2C%20The%20Associated%20Press%20reported,Baird%20contributed%20to%20this%20report. 
13. Zeynep Arsel, David Crockett, Maura L Scott, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) in the Journal of Consumer Research: A Curation and Research Agenda, Journal of Consumer Research, Volume 48, Issue 5, February 2022, Pages 920–933, https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucab057
14. https://compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/spc3.12666
15. https://www.nber.org/papers/w31215 
16. https://journals.healio.com/doi/full/10.3928/01484834-20191021-04
17. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2213219822010492
18. https://academic.oup.com/tbm/article/14/3/156/7324745
19. https://gizmodo.com/the-list-of-trumps-forbidden-words-that-will-get-your-paper-flagged-at-nsf-2000559661 

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/why-we-do-what-we-do--3419521/support.

Yet another check-in with the nightmare fuel that is the news. We consider the ramifications of cutting programs that prevent disease from spreading and keep many American businesses and farms afloat. Who needs weight-loss drugs when you can just not have food be available? Should we shorten the name of these to M&P? 

Support us on Patreon: www.patreon.com/wwdwwdpodcast

Links and References: 

1. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/02/06/trump-usaid-money-american-farms/
2. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-00385-9

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/why-we-do-what-we-do--3419521/support.

This classic episode revisits some old "research" attempting to assess the inherent morality of humans found in the gaze of babies looking at puppets. If that sounds silly, it's because it is. Updated research further debunks this claim, indicating that the original studies were either flawed or fraud. Check it out with us!

Recommendations

• Abraham: Stamp Swap (https://store.stonemaiergames.com/products/stamp-swap?srsltid=AfmBOooiSGaFABDded13WGAuRsBhIQfMioQhfLInfjolangZWXPwLlre) 
• Shane: SexABA Conference (https://www.sexaba.com/) 

Holidays (2/19/2025)

• Best Friends Day
• Coast Guard Reserves Birthday
• International Tug-of-War Day
• Iwo Jima Day
• National Airboat Day
• National Arabian Horse Day
• National Chocolate Mint Day
• National Lashes Day
• Prevent Plagiarism Day
• Vet Girls Rock Day
• Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia Staff Education Week
• Bird Health Awareness Week
• Love Teaching Week
• Make Mine Chocolate
• National Condom Week
• National Pancake Week
• National Sauna Week

Links and References: 

1. Obiols-Suari, N., & Marco-Pallarés, J. (2021). Does It Look Good or Evil? Children's Recognition of Moral Identities in Illustrations of Characters in Stories. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 552387. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.552387
2. Hanesová D. Young Children’s Concepts of Good and Evil before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Research Study. Religions. 2021; 12(9):714. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12090714
3. https://bigthink.com/thinking/are-we-born-evil/
4. Dahl, A., & Killen, M. (2018). A Developmental Perspective on the Origins of Morality in Infancy and Early Childhood. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 1736. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01736
5. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/desc.13581

https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191795

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/why-we-do-what-we-do--3419521/support.

Do you get goosebumps and shivers when you hear certain songs? There is a name for this experience: frisson. We discuss frisson and what psychological variables influence this experience. 

Support us on Patreon (www.patreon.com/wwdwwdpodcast)

Links and References: 

1. https://www.bbc.com/reel/video/p0dgrs1l/frisson-why-music-can-give-you-chills-or-goosebumps
2. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21683603.2016.1130582
3. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0305735615572358
4. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0305735610362950
5. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1747021820977174

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/why-we-do-what-we-do--3419521/support.

Not the BPA that is commonly advertised as being not in our water bottles (at least I don't think so...), bloodstain pattern analysis is an investigative tool for analyzing crime scenes. Made popular by the TV show, Dexter, BPA attempts to reverse engineer and recreate a crime scene so as to determine important clues. But in real crime scenes, the evidence is very messy, and analysis can become practically impossible. Real experts caution against certainty in using BPA. We will share our findings on the science and misunderstandings of bloodstain pattern analysis. 

Recommendations

• Abraham: Fly Me To The Moon (https://tv.apple.com/us/movie/fly-me-to-the-moon/umc.cmc.7bwrikjdeik56bk49vlr7c1h6)
• Shane: Mogwai - The Bad Fire ( https://open.spotify.com/album/3wub9ovkqCGHDDHkdhdh1I?si=TMS7YKK6SzOTvD0y6duP2w)

Holidays (2/12/2025):

• Darwin Day
• Hug Day
• International Day Against the Use of Child Soldiers
• Lincoln’s Birthday
• NAACP Day
• National Freedom to Marry Day
• National Lost Penny Day
• National Plum Pudding Day
• Oglethorpe Day
• Paul Bunyan Day
• Safety Pup Day
• Sick of Food Waste Day
• Celebration of Love Week
• Children of Alcoholics Week
• Congenital Heart Defect Awareness Week
• Freelance Writers Appreciation Week
• Homes for Birds Week
• International Flirting Week
• Love Data Week
• Take a Friend Snowmobiling Week

Links and References: 

1. https://innocenceproject.org/the-pseudo-science-of-dexter/#:~:text=Yet%2C%20when%20I%20watch%20Dexter,the%20legitimacy%20of%20the%20practice
2. https://propublica.org/article/understanding-junk-science-forensics-criminal-justice
3. https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/study-reports-error-rates-bloodstain-pattern-analysis
4. https://features.propublica.org/blood-spatter-analysis/herbert-macdonell-forensic-evidence-judges-and-courts/ 
5. https://www.criminallegalnews.org/news/2022/may/1/pseudoscientific-practice-blood-spatter-analysis-how-desire-convictions-drives-flawed-prosecutions/
6. https://www.thomassci.com/blog/_/spooky-science-behind-the-blood-spatter?srsltid=AfmBOoquBknBgaNKy-QApCwDx_KEUSarh_1iDTE9tmp3aW37NO7LbClO
7. https://www.oxygen.com/true-crime-buzz/how-dexter-csi-and-henry-lee-convinced-juries-to-buy-blood-spatter-analysis-as 
8. https://science.howstuffworks.com/bloodstain-pattern-analysis4.htm 
9. https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/228091.pdf 

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/why-we-do-what-we-do--3419521/support.

We plunge into the perilous yet enthralling world of stunt diving into shallow pools—a practice in which the stakes are as high as the platforms. From the daring exploits of Roy Fransen, who set records by jumping into pools merely 8 feet deep from heights of 110 feet, to Darren Taylor, who in 2014 soared from 37.9 feet into a pool just 12 inches deep, these stunt divers push the limits of human bravery and physical precision. Don't do this. It is extremely dangerous. 

Get ad-free episodes and support the show by supporting us on Patreon: www.patreon.com/wwdwwdpocast

Links: 

1. https://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/arts/circus-arts/shallow-diving.htm
2. https://youtu.be/IEZ4Czz9Zj4?si=wchw_3Rr4yuOFi-2
3. https://www.apeacefulfarewell.com/the-paw-blog/the-incredible-high-diving-horses-of-yesteryear-horses-pets-incredible-flying-family

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/why-we-do-what-we-do--3419521/support.

Think adrenaline junkies are just chasing the thrill? Think again. From BASE jumping to bull riding, the real high might not be what you think. Join us as we dive into the science of thrill-seeking, break down the myths about adrenaline addiction, and find out what’s really fueling our need for speed and intense stimulation. With extreme sports legends, wild experiments, and a dash of history, we'll explore the motives behind these restless folks 💥🏄‍♂️🎙️

Recommendations

• Abraham: Silo (season 2; https://tv.apple.com/us/show/silo/umc.cmc.3yksgc857px0k0rqe5zd4jice?mttn3pid=Google%20AdWords&mttnagencyid=a5e&mttncc=US&mttnsiteid=143238&mttnsubad=OUS20191050_1-720042226487-c&mttnsubkw=148542490075__V96F42ea_&mttnsubplmnt=_adext_)  
• Shane: Red Dead Redemption II (https://www.rockstargames.com/reddeadredemption2) 

Holidays (2/5/2025):

• Disaster Day
• Feast of St. Agatha
• Global School Play Day
• International Clash Day
• Move Hollywood and Broadway to Lebanon, PA Day
• National Chocolate Fondue Day
• National Fart Day
• National Girls and Women in Sports Day
• National Primrose Day
• National Signing Day
• National Weatherperson’s Day
• World Animal Reiki Day
• World Nutella Day
• World Read Aloud Day
• African Heritage and Health Week
• Children’s Authors and Illustrators Week
• Dump Your Significant Jerk Week
• Feeding Tube Awareness Week
• Intimate Apparel Market Week
• National Apprenticeship Week
• American Heart Month
• Library Lovers Month
• Black History Month

Links and References: 

1. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/adrenal-glands#:~:text=What%20You%20Need%20to%20Know,stress%20and%20other%20essential%20functions.
2. https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/history-you-asked/why-are-people-addicted-heroin-called-junkies
3. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/23038-adrenaline
4. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/adrenaline-junkie#psychology
5. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12144-019-00557-7
6. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0093854813485575
7. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/honors-theses/371/

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/why-we-do-what-we-do--3419521/support.

Ever stop to think about how strange it is that women wear fabric over their entire faces during wedding ceremonies? We did, and so we looked into the history of this very strange and very sexist tradition. It's not NOT about warding off evil spirits, in the pagan religions of the past... 

Get episodes early and ad free by joining our exclusive Patreon club: www.patreon.com/wwdwwdpodcast

Links and References: 

1. https://www.brittenweddings.com/en-us/blogs/news/67979395-wedding-veil-history-and-tradition#:~:text=Bridal%20Veils%20seem%20to%20have,signalling%20purity%20to%20the%20husband. 
2. https://www.brides.com/story/wedding-traditions-debunked-the-veil
3. https://www.nkbride.com/blog/2022/7/7/wedding-dress-the-history-of-bridal-veils 
4. https://www.veilsbylily.com/frequently-asked-questions/#:~:text=Back%20to%20Top-,Why%20don't%20men%20wear%20veils%3F,is%20the%20glory%20of%20man.%22 

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/why-we-do-what-we-do--3419521/support.