ITP is the most common cause of symptomatic thrombocytopaenia in children, with the most common paediatric age group being 1-4 years of age. 

ITP is an isolated low platelet count of < 100 in an otherwise well child, with a normal blood film and FBE (aside from the thrombocytopaenia). 

Treatment varies from monitoring platelet count and for signs of bleeding, to steroids and IVIG. Tune into this episode to learn more!

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(This isn’t individual medical advice, please use your own clinical judgement and local guidelines when caring for your patients)

Ingested foreign bodies are most common in kids between ages 6 months and 3 years, and in children with developmental or behaviour problems. In this episode, we will be discussing foreign bodies, which are limited to the gastrointestinal tract. 

We will also discuss high risk foreign bodies - such as button batteries - and what needs to be done about those. 

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(This isn’t individual medical advice, please use your own clinical judgement and local guidelines when caring for your patients)

Sickle cell disease is an inherited abnormality of haemoglobin (which is the oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood cells). It is characterised by red blood cells changing shape to become sickle (or crescent)-shaped which then causes them to block tiny blood vessels causing ischaemia and also makes them more prone to haemolysing, causing anaemia.

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(This isn’t individual medical advice, please use your own clinical judgement and local guidelines when caring for your patients)

GAS pharyngitis is associated with a few important complications. They are usually divided in suppurative and non-suppurative - i.e. purulent and non purulent complications.

The main non-suppurative complications are post-strep glomerulonephritis and acute rheumatic fever (which we did an episode on recently). A couple of the serious suppurative complications to be aware of is a peritonsillar or retropharyngeal abscess. 

In general, antibiotics are over-prescribed for pharyngitis. Australian guidelines these days actually only advise antibiotics in patients who are at higher risk of the “non-suppurative” complications of GAS infection.

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(This isn’t individual medical advice, please use your own clinical judgement and local guidelines when caring for your patients)

Galactosemia is an autosomal recessive metabolic condition that alters the body's ability to metabolise galactose, which is a type of sugar. This leads to a build up of galactose and some other metabolites, which then build up in the tissues, causing issues with the liver, brain, kidneys, eyes and other organs. It is a fatal condition if not treated. 

The mainstay of treatment is eliminating galactose from the diet, and monitoring for complications with a multidisciplinary team. 

In this episode, we go through a case, the presenting features, how to describe the condition to a parent/patient, an overview of the pathophysiology, investigations, treatment and complications. We will be focusing on classic galactosemia, although there are other variants as well. 

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(This isn’t individual medical advice, please use your own clinical judgement and local guidelines when caring for your patients)

With special guest - Dr. Emily Mogridge, surgical resident. 

Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency - a torted testicle is only viable for 4-6 hours, before the viability drops dramatically. The most common cause is the bellclapper deformity, where the testicle is not fixed properly within the scrotum. 

You don't want to miss:

• A case base discussion
• Explaining the condition to families
• Presenting features of testicular torsion
• Important examination findings
• Complications
• Management 

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(This isn’t individual medical advice, please use your own clinical judgement and local guidelines when caring for your patients)

We want to do some episodes on antibiotics coming up but thought it would be useful to do an episode about the basics of bacteria first so we can understand exactly what we are dealing with! 

Today we will touch on:

• How we name bacteria
• Bacteria morphology
• Gram staining
• Growth requirements (aerobic vs anaerobic)
• Haemolytic properties
• Coagulase production
• Lactose fermenting vs non fermenting
• Serotyping
• Genetic testing
• Antibiotics resistance

Torus fractures, often referred to as buckle fractures, are a common type of fracture found in kids under the age of 10. They usually occur in the distal metaphysis, where the bone is most porous, most often after a fall onto outstretched hand (FOOSH). The most common affected bone is the radius. An X-ray can confirm the diagnosis, although sometimes, the buckling of the cortex is quite subtle. 

You don't want to miss:

• A case based discussion about buckle fractures
• Differential diagnosis
• Pathophysiology
• How to explain buckle fractures to a patient and their family
• Management

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(This isn’t individual medical advice, please use your own clinical judgement and local guidelines when caring for your patients)

Urticaria is a very common rash - it affects up to 25% of people in their lifetime. Although urticaria is most commonly associated amongst the population with allergies, in 50% of cases, a cause is not identified, and the most common cause of urticaria aside from being idiopathic is viral illnesses. 

Acute urticaria refers to urticaria that has lasted less than 6 weeks. Once the rash has been around for over 6 weeks, it's referred to as chronic urticaria. This episode focuses on acute urticaria. 

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(This isn’t individual medical advice, please use your own clinical judgement and local guidelines when caring for your patients)

Acute rheumatic fever is a rare multisystem disease caused by a delayed autoimmune response to a recent untreated or inadequately treated Group A streptococcus infection (mainly from “strep throat” but can also be from group a strep skin infections).

The signs of acute rheumatic fever include:

• Arthritis
• Fever
• Carditis
• Rash
• Sydenham’s chorea
• Subcutaneous nodules

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(This isn’t individual medical advice, please use your own clinical judgement and local guidelines when caring for your patients)