DUKE VINCENTIO

 

Be absolute for death; either death or life

Shall thereby be the sweeter. Reason thus with

life:

If I do lose thee, I do lose a thing

That none but fools would keep: a breath thou

art,

Servile to all the skyey influences,

That dost this habitation, where thou keep'st,

Hourly afflict: merely, thou art death's fool;

For him thou labour'st by thy flight to shun

And yet runn'st toward him still. Thou art not

noble;

For all the accommodations that thou bear'st

Are nursed by baseness. Thou'rt by no means

valiant;

For thou dost fear the soft and tender fork

Of a poor worm. Thy best of rest is sleep,

And that thou oft provokest; yet grossly

fear'st

Thy death, which is no more. Thou art not

thyself;

For thou exist'st on many a thousand grains

That issue out of dust. Happy thou art not;

For what thou hast not, still thou strivest to

get,

And what thou hast, forget'st. Thou art not

certain;

For thy complexion shifts to strange effects,

After the moon. If thou art rich, thou'rt poor;

For, like an ass whose back with ingots bows,

Thou bear's thy heavy riches but a journey,

And death unloads thee. Friend hast thou none;

For thine own bowels, which do call thee sire,

The mere effusion of thy proper loins,

Do curse the gout, serpigo, and the rheum,

For ending thee no sooner. Thou hast nor youth

nor age,

But, as it were, an after-dinner's sleep,

Dreaming on both; for all thy blessed youth

Becomes as aged, and doth beg the alms

Of palsied eld; and when thou art old and rich,

Thou hast neither heat, affection, limb, nor

beauty,

To make thy riches pleasant. What's yet in this

That bears the name of life? Yet in this life

Lie hid moe thousand deaths: yet death we fear,

That makes these odds all even.

一报还一报

第三幕 第一场

文森修公爵：

能够抱着必死之念，那么活果然好，死也无所惶虑。对于生命应当作这样的譬解：要是我失去了你，我所失去的，只是一件愚人才会加以爱惜的东西，你不过是一口气，寄托在一个多灾多难的躯壳里，受着一切天时变化的支配。你不过是被死神戏弄的愚人，逃避着死，结果却奔进他的怀里，你并不高贵，因为你所有的一切配备，都沾濡着污浊下贱。你并不勇敢，因为你畏惧着微弱的蛆虫的柔软的触角。睡眠是你所渴慕的最好的休息，可是死是永恒的宁静，你却对它心惊胆裂。你不是你自己，因为你的生存全赖着泥土中所生的谷粒。你并不快乐，因为你永远追求着你所没有的事物，而遗忘了你所已有的事物。你并不固定，因为你的脾气像月亮一样随时变化。你即使富有，也和穷苦无异，因为你正像一头不胜重负的驴子，背上驮载着金块在旅途上跋涉，直等死来替你卸下负荷。你没有朋友，因为即使是你自己的骨血，嘴里称你为父亲尊长，心里也在咒诅着你不早早伤风发疹而死。你没有青春也没有年老，二者都只不过是你在餐后的睡眠中的一场梦景；因为你在年轻的时候，必须像一个衰老无用的人一样，向你的长者乞讨赒济；到你年老有钱的时候，你的感情已经冰冷，你的四肢已经麻痹，你的容貌已经丑陋，纵有财富，也享不到丝毫乐趣。那么所谓生命这东西，究竟有什么值得宝爱呢？在我们的生命中隐藏着千万次的死亡，可是我们对于结束一切痛苦的死亡却那样害怕。

The Passionate Shepherd to

His Love

1599 

And we will sit upon the rocks,

Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks

By shallow rivers to whose falls

Melodious birds sing madrigals.

And I will make thee beds of

roses

And a thousand fragrant posies,

A cap of flower, and a kirtle

Embroidered all with leaves of myrtle;

A gown made of the finest wool

Which from our pretty lambs we pull;

Fair lined slippers for the cold

With buckles of the purest gold;

A belt of straw and ivy buds,

With coral clasps and amber studs;

And if these pleasures may thee move,

Come live with me and be my love.

The shepherds' swains shall

dance and sing

For thy delight each May morning:

If these delights thy mind may move,

Then live with me and be my love.

 

 

激情的牧人致心爱的姑娘

 

来与我同住吧，做我的爱人，

我们将共享一切欢乐；

来自河谷、树丛、山岳、田野，

来自森林或陡峭的峻岭。

 

我们将坐在岩石上，

看牧人们放羊。

浅浅的小河流向瀑布，

小鸟唱着甜美的情歌。

 

我将为你用玫瑰作床，

还有上千支花束，

一顶鲜花编的花冠，一条长裙

绣满桃金娘的绿叶。

 

用最细的羊毛织一条长袍，

羊毛剪自我们最可爱的羊羔，

一双漂亮的衬绒软鞋为你御寒，

上面有纯金的带扣。

 

麦草和长春藤花蕾编的腰带，

珊瑚作钩，琥珀作扣，

如果这些乐趣能使你动心，

来与我同住吧，做我的爱人。

 

牧童情郎们将又跳又唱，

在每个五月的早晨使你欢畅，

如果这些趣事使你动心，

来与我同住吧，做我的爱人。

 

The Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd

1600 

If

all the world and love were young,

And truth in every shepherd's tongue,

These pretty pleasures might me move

To live with thee and be thy love.

Time drives the flocks from

field to fold,

When rivers rage and rocks grow cold;

And Philomel becometh dumb;

The rest complain of cares to come.

The flowers do fade, and wanton

fields

To wayward winter reckoning yields;

A honey tongue, a heart of gall,

Is fancy's spring, but sorrow's fall.

Thy gowns, thy shoes, thy bed

of roses,

Thy cap, thy kirtle, and thy posies,

Soon break, soon wither, soon

forgotten,

In folly ripe, in reason rotten.

Thy belt of straw and ivy buds,

Thy coral clasps and amber studs,

All these in me no means can move

To come to thee and be thy love.

But could youth last and love

still breed,

Had joys no date nor age no need,

Then these delights my mind might move

To live with thee and be thy love.

 

 

 

仙女对牧羊人的回答

 

           

假如整个世界和爱情永驻青春

每一个牧羊人的誓言句句真诚

这些美妙的欢乐便会打动我的心房

来和你你起生活，做你的新娘

 

黄昏逐着羊群从田野进了羊栏

河水开始咆哮，岩石变的冰冷

夜莺停止歌唱沉默不语

安宁抱怨起悄然袭来的忧虑

 

花儿回凋落，诱人的田野也一样

屈从于冬天，它的变幻无常

甜蜜的舌头，一颗冷酷的心

是幻想的喷泉，却把痛苦降临

 

你的新袍，新鞋，和玫瑰花床

你的花冠，裙裾，和鲜花芬芳

瞬间便消失，褪萎，被忘怀

愚蠢的成熟，注定得早衰

 

你的草杆腰带，青藤编的束

珊瑚的别针，琥珀做的扣环

这一切都不能打动我的心房

走到你的身边去，做你的新娘

 

可只要青春常在，爱能得到滋润

只要愉悦无穷，岁月永恒

这样的欢乐就会打动我的心房

来和你一起生活做你的新娘．

逐字稿和翻译请见图片

The Prologue to Bertrand Russell's Autobiography

 

What I Have Lived For

 

Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have

governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and

unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds,

have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of

anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.

 I have sought love,

first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have

sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it,

next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one

shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold

unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of

love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven

that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might

seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.

With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to

understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I

have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above

the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.

 Love and knowledge,

so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity

brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart.

Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a

burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make

a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil, but I

cannot, and I too suffer.

 This has been my

life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the

chance were offered me.

Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) won the Nobel prize for literature for his

History of Western Philosophy and was the co-author of Principia Mathematica.

《我为什么而活着》－罗素

对爱情的渴望，对知识的追求，对人类苦难不可遏制的同情心，这三种纯洁而无比强烈的激情支配着我的一生。这三种激情，就像飓风一样，在深深的苦海上，肆意地把我吹来吹去，吹到濒临绝望的边缘。

我寻求爱情，首先因为爱情给我带来狂喜，它如此强烈以致我经常愿意为了几小时的欢愉而牺牲生命中的其他一切。我寻求爱情，其次是因为爱情可以解除孤寂一—那是一颗震颤的心，在世界的边缘，俯瞰那冰冷死寂、深不可测的深渊。我寻求爱情，最后是因为在爱情的结合中，我看到圣徒和诗人们所想像的天堂景象的神秘缩影。这就是我所寻求的，虽然它对人生似乎过于美好，然而最终我还是得到了它。

我以同样的热情寻求知识，我渴望了解人的心灵。我渴望知道星星为什么闪闪发光，我试图理解毕达哥拉斯的思想威力，即数字支配着万物流转。这方面我获得一些成就，然而并不多。

爱情和知识，尽其可能地把我引上天堂，但是同情心总把我带回尘世。痛苦的呼唤经常在我心中回荡，饥饿的儿童，被压迫被折磨者，被儿女视为负担的无助的老人以及充满孤寂、贫穷和痛苦的整个世界，都是对人类应有生活的嘲讽。我渴望减轻这些不幸，但是我无能为力，而且我自己也深受其害。

这就是我的一生，我觉得值得为它活着。如果有机会的话，我还乐意再活一次。

Hanson＋Lily 每周六（从7/28开始）发最美丽的英文，让大家都和我们一样爱上英文！

Lily & Hanson 主持的“英语秘密”从七月开始在传课网上直播与听众们进行积极互动，所有想要了解如何自学英语、结合自己的兴趣和找到动力，并且加入国际工作者的行列，都欢迎参加我们7/2 晚上9:00的直播网络广播互动教室！http://www.chuanke.com/1515218-102047.html 目前也有视频的回放，错过没有关系啦！

作者与此诗介绍：

济慈(一七九五——一八二一)

诗人济慈只活了二十六岁，就因肺病而早逝。他出身中下层人家，生前学过医，候诊室里的凄惨景象是他熟悉的。也许是作为一种补偿，他特别向往“美”——美丽的人，夜莺，花草，田园，古诗，艺术品，整个想象世界。他自己写下的诗行也美：意境，音韵，形象，无一不美——有时美得有点艳丽了。因此，他曾被人看成是“唯美”，甚至是“颓废”。

其实他两者都不是。他追求的“美”不是表面的东西，也不只是感官享受，而是有深刻的含义的，用他自己的话说：

美即是真，真即是美。

而所谓真，又是人的“想象力所捕捉住的美”。然而当时的英国正处于产业革命和法国革命的双重激荡之下，处处有人间苦难。济慈对此也是有深刻感受的，而且还认为人生的最高境界必须有世界的苦难感：

谁也夺取不了这个高峰

除了那些把世界的苦难

当作苦难，而且日夜不安的人。

——《海披里安之亡》

正是这种“日夜不安”的苦难感使得济慈最明丽的诗行也有阴影，最甜美的音乐里也有不吉祥的敲击声——一边是夜莺唱歌，一边是“饥饿的世代”践踏大地的脚步声。他是一个头脑清醒，有强烈是非感的人，任何人只须一看他写给弟妹和朋友们的信就知道他是一个民主派。他的艺术观——他的美学——也是重真情实感，认为诗人要有一种深入万物、了解万物的“反面接受力”，不是自以为是，而是象事物本身的性质那样，“能够停留在不肯定、神秘感、怀疑之中，而不是令人生厌地追求事实和道理”。换言之，要化入事物：

如果一只麻雀来到我的窗前，我就参与它的存在，同它一起啄着地上的砂石。他又说：

如果诗不是象叶子长到树上那样自然地来临，那就干脆别来了。

把诗看成象树那样能自行生长的植物，这是浪漫主义诗学的重要论点之一。而要使那样的诗能够出现，诗人必须运用想象力。他认为即使哲学的真理也不是单凭逻辑推论所能达到，而必须依靠想象力；有了想象力，人才能真正得到世上的快乐，而且是一种“格调更高”的快乐，非庸俗的享受可比。

这些话并非引自他的论著——他从未写过皇皇大文——而出于他的书信，总是一二句普通的话，一二个普通的比喻，然而生动，深刻，使人惊讶，道出了浪漫主义诗歌的中心秘密，所以近年来西方搞文学理论的人都纷纷在他的书信里进行发掘，“反面接受力”一词也已成了文学家们经常琢磨的题目了。

济慈之所以能说这些话，是因为他有写诗的经验。他把自己一生献给了诗歌艺术，全力以赴，甘苦自知，经历过试验，失败，达到了抒情诗的高峰，但不以为足，还要向更高的意境进发，却不料死亡突然夺走了他的诗笔。虽然如此，他在一八一九年夏天创作能力特别旺盛，四五个星期之中写出了除《秋颂》以外的全部颂歌：《心灵颂》，《夜莺颂》，《希腊古瓮颂》，《忧郁颂》，《懒颂》。现在人们公认，济慈即使没写任何别的作品，这几个颂歌就足以使他不朽了。

《夜莺颂》有一个中心的矛盾，即夜莺所代表的想象世界和诗人所处的现实世界的矛盾：前者处处是音乐，美酒，朦胧光影下的宁静；后者充满纷扰，病痛，焦灼不安。诗人听到夜莺的歌声，随着进入了想象世界，然而在最神往的时候，一声“凄凉”就把他赶回现实世界，这时候韵律直泻而下，最后以一问结束，留下了余音。在几个颂歌中，此颂最实，“世界的苦难”也最显。

（摘自《英国诗选》-- 王佐良注）

（Special thanks to Wendy, an avid lover of English poetry as well as a devoted member of Shanghai Greeters, for her kind recommendation of this beautiful poem to be read on our program.）

A Monologue of Hamlet -- William Shakespeare To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them. To die: to sleep; No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heart-ache, and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep; To sleep: perchance to dream: aye, there's the rub; For in that sleep of death what dreams may come, When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, Must give us pause: there's the respect That makes calamity of so long life; For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely, The pangs of despised love, the law's delay, The insolence of office, and the spurns That patient merit of the unworthy takes, When he himself might his quietus make With a bare bodkin? who would fardels bear, To grunt and sweat under a weary life, But that the dread of something after death, The undiscover'd country from whose bourn No traveler returns, puzzles the will, And makes us rather bear those ills we have Than fly to others that we know not of? Thus conscience does make cowards of us all, And thus the native hue of resolution Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought, And enterprises of great pitch and moment With this regard their currents turn awry And lose the name of action.

生存或毁灭, 

这是个必答之问题: 

 是否应默默的忍受坎苛命运之无情打击, 

还是应与深如大海之无涯苦难奋然为敌, 

并将其克服。

此二抉择, 

就竟是哪个较崇高? 

死即睡眠, 

它不过如此! 

倘若一眠能了结心灵之苦楚与肉体之百患, 

那么, 

此结局是可盼的! 

死去, 

睡去... 

但在睡眠中可能有梦, 

啊, 

这就是个阻碍: 

当我们摆脱了此垂死之皮囊, 

在死之长眠中会有何梦来临? 

它令我们踌躇, 

使我们心甘情愿的承受长年之灾, 

否则谁肯容忍人间之百般折磨, 

如暴君之政、骄者之傲、失恋之痛、法章之慢、贪官之侮、或庸民之辱，

假如他能简单的一刃了之? 

还有谁会肯去做牛做马, 

终生疲於操劳, 

默默的忍受其苦其难, 

而不远走高飞, 

飘於渺茫之境, 

倘若他不是因恐惧身后之事而使他犹豫不前? 

此境乃无人知晓之邦, 

自古无返者。

所以,

「理智」能使我们成为懦夫, 

而「顾虑」能使我们本来辉煌之心志变得黯然无光, 

像个病夫。

再之, 

这些更能坏大事, 

乱大谋, 

使它们失去魄力。

翻译：朱生豪更多英语学习、文化交流的活动请关注微信账号：贵旅特

YOUTH

By: Samuel Ullman

Youth is not a time of life - it is a state of mind,

it is a temper of the will,

a quality of the imagination,

a vigor of the emotions,

a predominance of courage over timidity,

of the appetite for adventure over love of ease.

Nobody grows old by merely living a number of years.

People grow old only by deserting their ideals.

Years wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.

Worry, doubt, self-distrust,

fear and despair - these are the long,

long years that bow the head and

turn the growing spirit back to dust.

Whether they are sixteen or seventy,

there is in every being's heart

the love of wonder,

the sweet amazement at the stars

and starlike things and thoughts,

the undaunted challenge of events,

the unfailing childlike appetite

for what is to come next,

and the joy and the game of life.

You are as young as your faith,

as old as your doubt;

as young as your self-confidence,

as old as your fear,

as young as your hope,

as old as your despair.

When the wires are all down

and all the innermost core of your heart

is covered with the snows of pessimism

and the ice of cynicism,

then you are grown old indeed.

But so long as your heart receives messages

of beauty, cheer, courage, grandeur

and power from the earth,

from man and from the Infinite,

so long you are young.

Hanson＋Lily 每周一发最美丽的英文，让大家都和我们一样爱上英文！