HIV infection rates among Native Americans continue to rise. The most recent report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows a 46 percent increase for all Native Americans from 2010 to 2016. The agency points to factors like lack of awareness, stigma, poverty and illicit drug use as the key challenges health advocates are up against in trying to lower new infection rates. The Indian Health Service recently awarded more than $2 million to nine of its Tribal Epidemiology Centers to help reduce new HIV infections as part of a national plan to “end the HIV epidemic.” To acknowledge World AIDs Day, we’ll discuss on the challenges of lowering HIV infection rates in Native America and what work is being done.