November 18, 2025

262: Reimagining Manufacturing: How a Return to First Principles is Reshaping Factories, Hard Tech, and Venture Capital with Eclipse Ventures' Charly Mwangi

56 minutes

It’s rare to find someone whose career spans 18 years in automotive manufacturing and venture capital, but Charly Mwangi, Partner at Eclipse Ventures, has done exactly that. His journey from the factory floor at Toyota, Nissan, Tesla and Rivian to backing hard tech companies gives him a perspective many VCs don’t have.

We sit down with Charly to explore how first principles thinking (questioning assumptions and getting back to root causes) drives real innovation in manufacturing.

He walks us through Tesla’s early days when they were asking questions nobody in the automotive industry had thought to ask, like whether robots could be programmed to work faster or if there was a better way to design for manufacturing.

The conversation covers what Eclipse looks for in the founders they support, why being scrappy can lead to better manufacturing decisions, and why old manufacturing principles need rethinking as the industry flows in the opposite direction.

In this episode, find out:

How first principles thinking challenges manufacturing assumptions and unlocks innovation
Why asking “why not?” opens possibilities that “that’s how it’s always been done” closes off
The critical relationship between product design and manufacturability that many companies overlook
What Charly learned about manufacturing during his time at Toyota and Nissan
Why being capital-constrained can force creativity and focus in manufacturing
The questions Tesla asked that nobody in automotive had thought to ask before
What Eclipse Ventures looks for in the founders they back and why that matters for hard tech companies

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Tweetable Quotes:

“I was ten years into my career when Elon was asking questions that had never been asked in automotive before. By forcing us to think about things from a first principle, we started identifying levers like part consolidation that are now commonplace in manufacturing today.”
“Most folks design a factory as just what’s inside the shell, but then you end up with over-built systems that don’t speak to each other. If you design it as one product, like how a vehicle would be designed, there are more synergistic opportunities to simplify the utilities and make them complimentary.”
“Manufacturing until recently has always flowed towards low labor costs and consolidation in pursuit of economies of scale. But now it’s flowing in the other direction, so that means you can’t depend on previous principles and how manufacturing has always been designed.”

Links & mentions:

Eclipse Ventures, partnering with entrepreneurs boldly transforming the essential industries that define and propel economies.
Nexiforge, reindustrializing America with AI-Powered factories for contract manufacturing.

Make sure to visit http://manufacturinghappyhour.com for detailed show notes and a full list of resources mentioned in this episode. Stay Innovative, Stay Thirsty.

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By Chris Luecke

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