American Journal of Sports Medicine

The discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the knee. The pathomorphology of DLM varies. Current classification systems are inadequate to describe the spectrum of abnormality.

In conclusion, this new arthroscopic DLM classification system demonstrated moderate to substantial agreement in most diagnostic categories analyzed.

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Five articles from the March 2022 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Association Between Symptom Burden at Initiation of a Graduated Return to Activity Protocol and Time to Return to Unrestricted Activity After Concussion in Service Academy Cadets", "Return to Sports and Patients' Rehabilitation Continuum After Deepening Trochleoplasty and Concomitant Patellar-Stabilizing Procedures: A Case Series of 111 Patients at 2 to 4 Years of Follow-up", "Clinical and Radiographic Differentiation of Pediatric Patellar Sleeve Fractures and Other Inferior Pole Pathologies", "Meniscal Treatment as a Predictor of Worse Articular Cartilage Damage on MRI at 2 Years After ACL Reconstruction: The MOON Nested Cohort", and "Superior Outcome of Early ACL Reconstruction versus Initial Non- reconstructive Treatment With Late Crossover to Surgery: A Study From the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry".

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Humeral avulsion glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) lesions are often underreported but have been shown to occur in up to 10% of cases of anterior shoulder instability.

In conclusion, patients with anterior shoulder instability undergoing surgical stabilization with open HAGL repair demonstrate excellent functional outcomes and high rates of RTP, with low rates of recurrence in the medium term compared with a control group without HAGL lesions who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair alone.

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Five articles from the February 2022 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Predictors of Graft Failure in Young Active Patients Undergoing Hamstring Autograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With or Without a Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis: The Stability Experience", "The Contribution of Posterior Capsule Hypertrophy to Soft Tissue Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit in Healthy Pitchers", "Changes in the Synovial Fluid Cytokine Profile of the Knee Between an Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Surgical Reconstruction", "The Patellar Instability Probability Calculator: A Multivariate-Based Model to Predict the Individual Risk of Recurrent Lateral Patellar Dislocation", and "Structural and Functional Results of Subscapularis and Conjoint Tendon After Latarjet Procedure at 8-Year Average Follow-up".

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This special edition podcast highlights the top 10 articles of 2021 that caught the most public attention based on their Altmetric scores.

1. Effectiveness of Adding a Large Dose of Shoulder Strengthening to Current Nonoperative Care for Subacromial Impingement: A Pragmatic, Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial (SExSI Trial)

2. Systematic Video Analysis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Professional Female Soccer Players

3. Can Biomechanical Testing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Identify Athletes at Risk for Subsequent ACL Injury to the Contralateral Uninjured Limb?

4. High Risk of New Knee Injuries in Female Soccer Players After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction at 5- to 10-Year Follow-up

5. Biomechanical but Not Strength or Performance Measures Differentiate Male Athletes Who Experience ACL Reinjury on Return to Level 1 Sports

6. Effect of Autologous Expanded Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells or Leukocyte-Poor Platelet-Rich Plasma in Chronic Patellar Tendinopathy (With Gap >3 mm): Preliminary Outcomes After 6 Months of a Double-Blind, Randomized, Prospective Study

7. Blood Flow Restriction Training for Athletes: A Systematic Review

8. Scapular Dyskinesis Is Not an Isolated Risk Factor for Shoulder Injury in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

9. Anterior Shoulder Instability in Throwers and Overhead Athletes: Long-term Outcomes in a Geographic Cohort

10. No Additive Clinical or Physiological Effects of Short-term Anti-inflammatory Treatment to Physical Rehabilitation in the Early Phase of Human Achilles Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Fatty infiltration of rotator cuff muscle is a limiting factor in the success of repairs. Fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are a population of stem cells within the rotator cuff that can differentiate into white adipocytes, fibroblasts, and beige adipocytes. The effects of patient age and rotator cuff tendon tear size on the number, differentiation patterns, and gene expression profiles of FAPs have not yet been analyzed.

In conclusion, patient age and rotator cuff tear size independently regulated FAP number, differentiation, and gene expression. Age and tear size were positively correlated with increased FAP number and fibrogenic/adipogenic differentiation. Advancing patient age did not limit FAP beige differentiation and gene expression, while increasing rotator cuff tear size strongly inhibited these processes.

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Five articles from the January 2022 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Survivorship Rate and Clinical Outcomes 10 Years After Arthroscopic Correction of Symptomatic Femoroacetabular Impingement", "Higher Incidence of Radiographic Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis With Transtibial Femoral Tunnel Positioning Compared With Anteromedial Femoral Tunnel Positioning During Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis", "Ulnar Neuritis and Its Affect on Outcomes of Elbow Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction", "Remained Large Bone Fragment of Bony Bankart Lesion in Shoulders With a Subcritical Glenoid Defect at Recurrent Anterior Instability", and "The Long-term Chondroprotective Effect of Meniscal Allograft Transplant: A 10- to 14-Year Follow-up Study".

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Excessive general joint laxity, a negative prognostic factor in joint instability, has not been studied to determine its relationship with bipolar bone loss in anterior shoulder instability.

In conclusion, patients with anterior shoulder instability and excessive joint laxity had significantly wider Hill-Sachs lesions and more off-track lesions than did those with normal joint laxity despite the lack of a significant difference in the glenoid bone defect. However, these differences in the Hill-Sachs lesion were not related to differences in the functional outcomes between the groups.

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Five articles from the December 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Obesity Impairs Enthesis Healing After Rotator Cuff Repair in a Rat Model", "The Effectiveness of Intramedullary Screw Fixation Using the Herbert Screw for Fifth Metatarsal Stress Fractures in High-Level Athletes", "Can We Eliminate Opioids After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction? A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial", "One Bony Morphology, Two Pathologic Entities: Sex-Based Differences in Patients With Borderline Hip Dysplasia Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy", and "Midterm Results After Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction as First-Line Surgical Treatment in Skeletally Immature Patients Irrespective of Patellar Height and Trochlear Dysplasia".

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Preoperative quantification of bone loss has a significant effect on surgical decision making and patient outcomes. Various measurement techniques for calculating glenoid bone loss have been proposed in the literature. To date, no studies have directly compared measurement techniques to determine which technique, if any, is the most reliable.

In conclusion, glenoid bone loss calculation presents variability depending on the measurement technique, with different consistencies and accuracies. We recommend use of the Barchilon method by surgeons who frequently measure glenoid bone loss, because this method presents the best combined consistency and accuracy. However, for surgeons who measure glenoid bone loss occasionally, the most consistent method is the Giles method, although an adjustment for the overestimation bias may be required.

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