Five articles from the March 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Predicting Risk of Recurrent Patellofemoral Instability With Measurements of Extensor Mechanism Containment", "Structural Consequences of a Partial Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury on Remaining Joint Integrity: Evidence for Ligament and Bone Changes Over Time in an Ovine Model", "The Lateral Femoral Notch Sign Is Correlated With Increased Rotatory Laxity After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Pivot Shift Quantification With A Surgical Navigation System", "Outcomes of Open and Endoscopic Repairs of Chronic Partial- and Full-Thickness Proximal Hamstring Tendon Tears: A Multicenter Study With Minimum 2-Year Follow-up", and "Long-term Outcome After Nonoperative Treatment for Rockwood I and II Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries".

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Correction of high posterior tibial slope is an important treatment option for revision of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) failure as seen in clinical and biomechanical studies. In cases with moderate to severe medial compartment arthritis, an additional varus correction osteotomy may be added to improve alignment.

In conclusion, combined varus and slope correction led to a relevant decrease of ATT in the ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed cadaveric knee. ACL graft forces were significantly decreased after combined varus and slope correction. Thus, our biomechanical findings support the treatment goal of a perpendicular-aligned tibial plateau for ACL insufficiencies, especially in cases of revision surgery.

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Five articles from the February 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Characterization of the Proximal Long Head of Biceps Tendon Anatomy Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Implications for Biceps Tenodesis", "Patient-Reported Activity Levels Correlate With Early Cartilage Degeneration After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction", "Clinical Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection and Its Association with Growth Factors in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial Compared with Hyaluronic Acid", "Development of a Predictive Algorithm for Symptomatic Hip Abductor Tears in Patients Undergoing Primary Hip Arthroscopy", and "Predictors of Failure of Return to Play in Youth Baseball Players After Capitellar Osteochondritis Dissecans: Focus on Elbow Valgus Laxity and Radiocapitellar Congruity".

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Bone stress injuries (BSIs) occur in up to 20% of runners and military personnel. Typically, after a period of unloading and gradual return to weightbearing activities, athletes return to unrestricted sports participation or military duty approximately 4 to 14 weeks after a BSI diagnosis, depending on the injury location and severity. However, the time course of the recovery of the bone’s mechanical competence is not well-characterized, and reinjury rates are high.

Bone density declined in both the injured and the uninjured legs and, on average, did not return to baseline for 3 to 6 months after a tibial BSI diagnosis. The observed time to the recovery of baseline vBMD, coupled with the high rate of recurrent BSIs, suggests that improved return-to-sports and military duty guidelines may be in order.

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Five articles from the January 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Determining On-/Off-track Lesions in Glenohumeral Dislocation Using Multiplanar Reconstruction Computed Tomography Is Easier and More Reproducible Than Using 3-dimensional Computed Tomography", "Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of the Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee", "Changes in Matrix Components in the Developing Human Meniscus", "Prediction of Shoulder Pain in Youth Competitive Swimmers: The Development and Internal Validation of a Prognostic Prediction Model", and "Incidence of Femoroacetabular Impingement and Surgical Management Trends Over Time".

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Adult medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction techniques are not appropriate for the skeletally immature patient given the proximity of the distal femoral physis. Biomechanical consequences of reconstructions aimed at avoiding the physis have not been adequately studied.

In conclusion, in this cadaveric simulation, the epiphyseal technique allowed for a more isometric ligament until midflexion, when the patella engaged within the trochlear groove. The adductor sling and adductor transfer grafts became tighter in flexion, resulting in potential loss of motion, pain, graft stretching, and failure. Marginal between-condition differences in patellofemoral contact mechanics and patellar kinematics were observed in late flexion.

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Five articles from the December 2020 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Augmentation of Anatomic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis Does Not Significantly Affect Rotatory Knee Laxity: A Time Zero, In Vivo Kinematic Analysis", "Functional Outcome of Sesamoid Excision in Athletes", "Time Required to Achieve Clinically Significant Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair", "Differences in Clinical Presentations and Surgical Outcomes of Gluteus Medius Tears Between Men and Women", and "90-Day Complication Rate After the Latarjet Procedure in a High-Volume Center".

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Blood flow restriction therapy (BFRT) has been increasingly applied to improve athletic performance and injury recovery. Validation of BFRT has lagged behind commercialization, and currently the mechanism by which this therapy acts is unknown. BFRT is one type of ischemic therapy, which involves exercising with blood flow restriction. Repetitive restriction of muscle blood flow (RRMBF) is another ischemic therapy type, which does not include exercise.

In conclusion, ischemic therapy did not induce gains in muscle mass, contractility strength, fiber cross-sectional area, or satellite cell density locally or systemically in this model, although the RRMBF group did have elevated GH levels on ELISA.

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Five articles from the November 2020 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "The Incidence of Kaplan Fiber Injury Associated With Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging", "Characteristics of Soccer Players Undergoing Primary Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Sex- and Competitive Level–Specific Analysis", "Bone Marrow Stimulation in Arthroscopic Repair for Large to Massive Rotator Cuff Tears With Incomplete Footprint Coverage", "Return to Play and Recurrence After Calf Muscle Strain Injuries in Elite Australian Football Players", and "Rate of Force Development Remains Reduced in the Knee Flexors 3 to 9 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Medial Hamstring Autografts: A Cross-Sectional Study".

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Tibial spine fractures (TSFs) are relatively rare pediatric injuries. Postoperative arthrofibrosis remains the most common complication, with few studies having examined factors associated with its development.

In conclusion, surgeons should be cognizant of arthrofibrosis risk in younger patients with concomitant ACL tears and traumatic injuries not resulting from athletics. Furthermore, postoperative immobilization in a cast should be avoided given the high risk of arthrofibrosis. Concomitant ACL injury is associated with a higher return to the operating room for MUA.

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