American Journal of Sports Medicine

Five articles from the November 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "MRI Signal Intensity of Quadriceps Tendon Autograft and Hamstring Tendon Autograft 1 Year After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Adolescent Athletes", "Return to Sports and Minimum 2-Year Outcomes of Bilateral Hip Arthroscopy in High-Level Athletes With a Propensity-Matched Benchmarking Against a Unilateral Control Group", "Salvage Iliac Crest Bone Grafting for a Failed Latarjet Procedure: Analysis of Failed and Successful Procedures", "Shoulder External Rotational Properties During Physical Examination Are Associated With Injury That Requires Surgery and Shoulder Joint Loading During Baseball Pitching", and "Ability of Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction to Overcome Lateral Patellar Motion in the Presence of Trochlear Flattening: A Cadaveric Biomechanical Study".

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Coracoclavicular (CC) ligament reconstruction is a commonly performed procedure for high-grade acromioclavicular (AC) joint separations. Although distal clavicle and coracoid process fractures represent potential complications, they have been described in only case reports and small case series.

In conclusion, fracture of the distal clavicle or coracoid process after CC ligament repair or reconstruction is a rare but serious complication that can occur independent of bone tunnels created during the index procedure. Fractures associated with CC ligament procedures occurred at a rate of 2.46 per 100 cases. Most patients were ultimately treated surgically with open reduction and internal fixation or revision CC ligament reconstruction. Although the majority of patients with intraoperative or postoperative fractures regained full range of motion, complications such as anterior shoulder pain, AC joint asymmetry, and activity-related weakness were common sequelae resulting in physical limitations and separation from military service.

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Five articles from the October 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Implementation of Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomyin Competitive Elite Athletes With Lumbar Disc Herniation: Original Study and Review of the Literature", "Familial Risk and Its InteractionWith Body Mass Index and Physical Activity in Anterior Cruciate LigamentInjury Among First-Degree Relatives: A Population-Based Cohort Study", "Radial Head Lag: A Possible Biomechanical Mechanism for OsteochondritisDissecans of the Capitellum in Baseball Players", "Clinical and Structural Results of RotatorCuff Repair Compared With Rotator CuffDebridement in Arthroscopic Treatmentof Calcifying Tendinitis of the Shoulder", and "Dysplastic Patellofemoral JointsLead to a Shift in Contact Forces: A 3D-Printed Cadaveric Model".

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The long-term outcomes of single- versus double-row fixation in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair are not currently known.

In conclusion, a statistically significant (but likely not clinically important) difference in WORC scores was seen at 10-year follow-up in favor of double-row fixation. Between baseline and 10-year follow-up, a decrease in most outcome scores was observed in both the single- and the double-row groups.

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Five articles from the September 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Prediction of Shoulder Stiffness AfterArthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair", "Multicenter Outcomes After RevisionHip Arthroscopy: Comparative Analysis of 2-Year OutcomesAfter Labral Repair Versus Labral Reconstruction", "Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis AltersLateral Compartment Contact Mechanicsunder Simulated Pivoting Maneuvers: An In Vitro Study", "Creation and Validation of a ShorthandMagnetic Resonance Imaging Bone AgeAssessment Tool of the Knee as anAlternative Skeletal Maturity Assessment", and "Outcomes of Surgically TreatedFifth Metatarsal Fractures in MajorLeague Soccer Athletes".

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Although blood flow restriction (BFR) is becoming increasingly popular in physical therapy and athletic training settings, little is known about the effects of BFR combined with low-intensity exercise (LIX) on muscles proximal to the site of occlusion.

In conclusion, combined BFR-LIX may yield greater increases in shoulder and arm lean mass, strength, and muscular endurance compared with fatiguing LIX alone during rotator cuff exercises. These findings may be due, in part, to a greater activation of shoulder muscles while using BFR.

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Five articles from the August 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Neither Residual Anterior Knee Laxity Up to 6 mm nor a Pivot Glide Predict Patient-Reported Outcome Scores or Subsequent Knee Surgery Between 2 and 6 Years After ACL Reconstruction", "Running Biomechanics Before Injury and 1 Year After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Division I Collegiate Athletes", "Lateral Ligament Reconstruction With Hamstring Graft for Ankle Instability: Outcomes for Primary and Revision Cases", "Clinical-Grade MRI-Based Methods to Identify Combined Anatomic Factors That Predict ACL Injury Risk in Male and Female Athletes", and "Factor Structure of the Shoulder Instability Return to Sport After Injury Scale: Performance Confidence, Reinjury Fear and Risk, Emotions, Rehabilitation and Surgery".

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Recent studies have demonstrated equivalent short-term results when comparing arthroscopic versus open anterior shoulder stabilization. However, none have evaluated the long-term clinical outcomes of patients after arthroscopic or open anterior shoulder stabilization, with inclusion of an assessment of preoperative glenoid tracking.

In conclusion, long-term clinical outcomes were comparable at 15 years postoperatively between the arthroscopic and open stabilization groups. The presence of an off-track lesion may be associated with a higher rate of recurrent instability in both cohorts at long-term follow-up; however, this study was underpowered to verify this situation.

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Five articles from the July 2021 issue summarized in five minutes, with the addition of a brief editorial commentary. The 5-in-5 feature is designed to give readers an overview of articles that may pique their interest and encourage more detailed reading. It may also be used by busy readers who would prefer a brief audio summary in order to select the articles they want to read in full.

The featured articles for this month are, "Defining Critical Glenoid Bone Loss in Posterior Shoulder Capsulolabral Repair", "High Rate of Initially Overlooked Kaplan Fiber Complex Injuries in Patients With Isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury", "Effect of Preoperative Imaging and Patient Factors on Clinically Meaningful Outcomes and Quality of Life After Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation: A Machine Learning Analysis of Cartilage Defects of the Knee", "Epidemiology and Long-Term Outcomes of Wrist Sprains in Military Academy Cadets", and "Graft Failure, Revision ACLR, and Reoperation Rates After ACLR With Quadriceps Tendon Versus Hamstring Tendon Autografts: A Registry Study With Review of 475 Patients".

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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are common in contact athletics and have a significant effect on the athletic performance and well-being of affected players. The prevalence, timing, and characteristics of ACL tears in National Football League (NFL) athletes are lacking.

In conclusion, ACL injury incidence was fairly consistent across all years studied and occurred more frequently in players with ≤3 years of NFL experience. Tears were more common during games, special teams play, and the preseason.

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