How can we learn more by seeing more? This fascinating piece looks at how learning and the zone of proximal development (ZPD) of a student can be used to help the process. We are learning about learning, thanks partly to the use of algorithms that monitor our progress and performance. This talk asks challenging questions; "In terms of performance, just think technical procedures at the moment, is there such a thing as an 'expert performance' of any of the techniques we do daily"? How do we get training to produce clinically meaningful performances?

The articles mentioned in this piece are here:

"Looking and seeing" by Roger Kneebone: https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(19)30507-0.pdf

"Machine Learning Identification of Surgical and Operative Factors Associated With Surgical Expertise in Virtual Reality Simulation", published by The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) is here: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2740782

And, "Proficiency-based progression training: an 'end to end' model for decreasing error applied to achievement of effective epidural analgesia during labour: a randomised control study" is here: https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/8/10/e020099

This talk, originally titled "Recent research articles in medical education", presented by George Shorten, Professor, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Consultant Anaesthesiologist at Cork University Hospital, at last year's "21st Current Controversies in Anaesthesia & Peri-Operative Medicine and SIAA Autumn Congress" at the Dingle Skellig Hotel, Ireland.

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