We talked about the ghosts at the 101, now let’s talk about the history…The Miller Brothers 101 Ranch, located near Ponca City, spanned 110,000 acres at its peak and was primarily owned by the Miller family. Founded by George Washington Miller, a former Confederate colonel, the ranch became a significant agricultural enterprise after he transitioned from military life to ranching. Miller's ranching career began in 1871, and he developed strong relationships with the Quapaw and Ponca tribes, leasing land for his operations. By the early 1900s, he had expanded the ranch significantly, developing a diversified farm and stock-raising complex. 

After George Miller's death in 1903, his sons established the 101 Ranch Wild West Show, showcasing the skills of ranch hands and Native performers. Despite early success, the show faced competition from other entertainment forms and challenges during World War I. The ranch also entered the oil business, striking a significant oil well in 1911. However, by the Great Depression, financial struggles forced the ranch into bankruptcy, leading to the sale of its assets. Today, few remnants of the ranch remain, but it is commemorated along State Highway 156, with a historical marker and a museum in Ponca City.

Sources: 

Oklahoma Historical Society

Wikipedia

Ponca City News