Melvyn Leffler, a prominent historian of American foreign policy, is back in the studio for part two of his discussion with host Carrie Lee. Their conversation continues examining the decision-making process leading to the invasion of Iraq. Leffler's insights shed light on the internal dynamics of the Bush administration, highlighting the distrust and dysfunction among key players despite their extensive foreign policy experience. The discussion also explores the role of credibility in the Bush administration’s strategy development and strategic messaging to allies and partners. The goal of the exchange is to offer valuable lessons for the next generation of military leaders and strategists, emphasizing the importance of careful analysis, clear communication, and a nuanced understanding of the limits of American power.