In this episode of GN in Ten, hosts Dr. Kenar Jhaveri and Dr. Koyal Jain break down the essential "must-knows" for ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). Geared toward board preparation and clinical practice, this bite-sized session covers everything from the initial diagnosis and the role of kidney biopsy to the latest advancements in induction and maintenance therapy.

Key Discussion Points

• Diagnosis & Biopsy Strategy: Why checking specific MPO and PR3 titers is more reliable than general C/P-ANCA. The hosts also discuss the value of biopsy in older patients to assess chronicity and guide treatment duration.
• Induction Therapy: Comparing the "three pillars" of induction: Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide (IV vs. oral), and the increasingly popular combination therapy for organ-threatening disease.
• The Steroid Taper: A shift toward "less is more." Following the PEXIVAS protocol, the hosts explain how to aggressively taper steroids to minimize toxicity, especially when using adjunctive therapies.
• Plasma Exchange (PLEX): Does it still have a role? A nuanced look at the PEXIVAS trial results and why PLEX is now largely reserved for severe pulmonary hemorrhage or rapidly worsening AKI.
• Avacopan (C5a Receptor Inhibitor): Insights from the ADVOCATE trial on how this steroid-sparing agent is changing the landscape of AAV treatment.
• Maintenance: Long-term strategies using Rituximab (typically up to 18 months) or Azathioprine, and when to consider switching agents for refractory cases.

Essential Reading & Resources

To master ANCA vasculitis, the hosts recommend reviewing these landmark studies:

• PEXIVAS: Plasma Exchange and Glucocorticoids in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis — Evaluated PLEX and reduced-dose steroids.
• ADVOCATE: Avacopan for the Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis — The landmark trial for C5a receptor inhibition.
• RAVE: Rituximab versus Cyclophosphamide for ANCA-Associated Vasculitis — Established rituximab as a standard for induction.
• MAINRITSAN: Rituximab versus Azathioprine for Maintenance in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis — Compared maintenance strategies.
• RITUXVAS: Rituximab versus Cyclophosphamide in ANCA-Associated Renal Vasculitis — Induction in patients with severe renal involvement.
• RITAZAREM: Rituximab as Maintenance Therapy in Relapsing ANCA-Associated Vasculitis — Focus on maintenance for relapsing disease.

In this episode of GN in Ten, hosted by Dr. Kenar Jhaveri and Dr. Koyal Jain, takes a deep dive into the specialized world of pediatric glomerular disease. Joining the show are world-renowned pediatric nephrologists Dr. Louise Oni (Great Ormond Street Hospital, London) and Dr. Jun Oh (University of Hamburg, Germany) to discuss the "pediatric lag" in drug development and the massive global efforts currently underway to bring targeted therapies to children.

Key Highlights

• The C3G Breakthrough: Discussion on the "wave of excitement" following adult trials for iptacopan and pegcetacoplan, and how these results are paving the way for pediatric use.
• SGLT2 Inhibitors in Children: Insights into the collaborative global effort that overcame initial industry waivers to launch a landmark clinical trial for SGLT2 inhibitors in children aged 2–17.
• Challenges in Rare Disease: Why international collaboration and registries are vital for treating ultra-rare conditions like Anti-GBM disease and C3G in small pediatric populations.
• The Future of Genetics: A look toward the next 15 years, where genetic screening may shift the focus from treating active disease to early prevention.
• Managing Long-term Immunosuppression: The delicate balance of using B-cell depletion (Rituximab) in developing immune systems to preserve "childhood" and avoid dialysis.

Featured Guests

• Dr. Louise Oni: Professor of Pediatric Nephrology at Great Ormond Street and Chair of the ESPN Glomerular Disease Working Group.
• Dr. Jun Oh: Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Hamburg and a leader in the ISGD Pediatric Committee.

Resources & Mentioned Studies

• International Society of Glomerular Disease (ISGD): Learn more about the society’s mission and join for free!
• ESPN Glomerular Disease Working Group: Clinical research and educational resources for pediatric nephrologists.
• NephCure: A key partner in driving global pediatric clinical trials and supporting families affected by rare kidney disease.
• APPEAR-C3G Trial (Iptacopan): Phase 3 study evaluating the first approved treatment for C3G.
• VALIANT Trial (Pegcetacoplan):  Recent Phase 3 results showing success in both adult and adolescent patients (12+), published in the New England Journal of Medicine. 

In this Board Review Bonus episode of GN in Ten, hosts Dr. Kenar Jhaveri (Northwell Health/Hofstra University) and Dr. Koyal Jain (UNC Chapel Hill) dive into the crucial topic of Lupus Nephritis. Special guest, Northwell fellow Dr. Mahmoud Abdelaziz, asks Kenar and Koyal the tough questions about key topics in diagnosing and managing LN.

Tune in to learn about diagnosis and initial suspicion of kidney involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), the six histological classifications (Class I-VI) of lupus nephritis, and an overview of induction and maintenance treatment algorithms for Class III and IV (proliferative) and Class V (membranous) lupus nephritis, including the use of reduced-dose glucocorticoids, MMF, cyclophosphamide (Euro-lupus vs. NIH protocols), and newer agents like voclosporin and belimumab. The GN in Ten hosts also discuss essential supportive care, like pneumocystic pneumonia prophylaxis (and the associated controversy with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim), multidisciplinary management, and management of special situations like pregnancy and Thrombotic Microangiopathy (TMA).

Referenced Resources and Studies:
KDIGO 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Lupus Nephritis
American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Guidelines for Lupus Nephritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Euro-Lupus Nephritis Trial and Protocol
NIH Lupus Nephritis Trial and Protocol
LUNAR Trial

In this episode, world-renowned complement expert Carla Nester (University of Iowa) joins Koyal and Kenar to discuss the state of the art in C3 glomerulopathy and other complement-mediated kidney diseases, the opportunities and unknowns of targeted treatments, the recent advances in understanding of all things complement, and how her med/peds specialization brings additional superpowers to her clinical practice.

Dr. Nester is an adult and pediatric nephrologist, currently serving as Professor of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine in the Carver College of Medicine at the University of Iowa, where she also directs or co-directs the Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratory, Pediatric Glomerular Disease Clinic, Rare Renal Disease Clinic, and nephrology fellowship program. She specializes in the diagnosis, clinical management, and transplantation of complement-mediated kidney diseases, including C3 Glomerulopathy (C3G) and Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS), and is a leading authority on the successful renal transplant protocol for aHUS patients. Her basic science research focuses on using unique complement functional assays to define complement dysregulation in patients with complement-mediated renal disease.

Dr. Nester is co-chair of the SEISMIC Cross-Stakeholder Summit (AddreSsing accEss Issues in diagnoSis and treatMent of C3G nephropathy and IC-MPGN, July 17-19 2025), hosted by ISGD, NephCure and CompCure. To stay informed of the meeting results, sign up for the ISGD mailing list.

Disclosures:

Dr. Nester has disclosed the following relationships:

Novartis: Research Grant Site Principal Investigator, Novartis: Consultant, Apellis: Research Grant Site Principal Investigator, Apellis: Consultant, Biocryst: Research Grant Site Principal Investigator, Biocryst: Consultant, Vertex: Scientific/Medical Advisory Board Member, Retrophin/Travere: Research Grant Site Principal Investigator, AstraZeneca: Consultant

In this special NephMadness 2025 episode, Koyal and Kenar do a deep dive into the Genetics region with NephMadness executive team member Elena Cervantes (Johns Hopkins), genetics expert Jordan Nestor (Columbia) and region writer Matt Gross (Johns Hopkins). Genetics in FSGS faces off vs. Genetic Counseling! What’s new in our ever-expanding knowledge of FSGS genetics? Where does APOL1 fit in? How should we be counseling patients before and after genetic testing, and are we actually getting the training we need to do so? And the big question: Which topic will change practice the most in the next five years? Tune in and then cast your NephMadness vote! https://ajkdblog.org/2025/03/01/welcome-to-nephmadness-2025/

In this special bonus episode of the podcast, Koyal and Kenar provide a maximally useful review of minimal change disease, from diagnosis (including secondary causes to screen for) to treatment options, including how to decide which patients may do better with which therapies. 

Can’t get enough minimal change? Check out Episode 6 (with Astrid Weins) and Episode 7 (with Felicitas Hengel and Nicola Tomas) for more on the potential role of anti-nephrin autoantibodies in MCD.

References

KDIGO guidelines: https://kdigo.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/KDIGO-GD-Guideline-Key-Takeaways-for-Clinicians-Minimal-Change-Disease.pdf

Anti-nephrin autoantibodies:

Kronbichler A, Barnini C, Matyjek A, Gauckler P, Bruchfeld A, Caravaca-Fontan F, Floege J, Frangou E, Mirioglu S, Moran SM, Stevens KI, Teng YKO, Steiger S. Antibody-mediated podocytopathies: a disease entity that implies immunotherapy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2024 Jul 17:gfae166. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfae166. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39020250.

Hengel FE, Dehde S, Lassé M, Zahner G, Seifert L, Schnarre A, Kretz O, Demir F, Pinnschmidt HO, Grahammer F, Lucas R, Mehner LM, Zimmermann T, Billing AM, Oh J, Mitrotti A, Pontrelli P, Debiec H, Dossier C, Colucci M, Emma F, Smoyer WE, Weins A, Schaefer F, Alachkar N, Diemert A, Hogan J, Hoxha E, Wiech T, Rinschen MM, Ronco P, Vivarelli M, Gesualdo L, Tomas NM, Huber TB; International Society of Glomerular Disease. Autoantibodies Targeting Nephrin in Podocytopathies. N Engl J Med. 2024 May 25. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2314471. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38804512.

Watts AJB, Keller KH, Lerner G, Rosales I, Collins AB, Sekulic M, Waikar SS, Chandraker A, Riella LV, Alexander MP, Troost JP, Chen J, Fermin D, Yee JL, Sampson MG, Beck LH Jr, Henderson JM, Greka A, Rennke HG, Weins A. Discovery of Autoantibodies Targeting Nephrin in Minimal Change Disease Supports a Novel Autoimmune Etiology. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022 Jan;33(1):238-252. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2021060794. Epub 2021 Nov 3. PMID: 34732507; PMCID: PMC8763186.

SHOW NOTES

In this episode, Koyal and Kenar recap everything you need to know about IgAN for the board exam (or just to refresh yourself on the current state of knowledge) — from pathophysiology to treatment decisions. They also discover that nobody is really sure how to pronounce Peyer’s patches (hey, don’t blame us, they’re all the way over in the ileum) so make sure you read the show notes to settle that mystery and check out additional resources!

Board Review Bonus #1 - IgA Nephropathy

Online calculator to predict progression (International IgAN Prediction Tool at biopsy - Adults)

https://qxmd.com/calculate/calculator_499/international-igan-prediction-tool-at-biopsy-adults 

Inflammatory bowel disease and IgAN:

Rehnberg J, Symreng A, Ludvigsson JF, Emilsson L. Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is More Common in Patients with IgA Nephropathy and Predicts Progression of ESKD: A Swedish Population-Based Cohort Study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2021 Feb;32(2):411-423. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2020060848. Epub 2020 Nov 11. PMID: 33177116; PMCID: PMC8054887.

MEST-C (Oxford classification): 

Trimarchi H, Barratt J, Cattran DC, Cook HT, Coppo R, Haas M, Liu ZH, Roberts IS, Yuzawa Y, Zhang H, Feehally J; IgAN Classification Working Group of the International IgA Nephropathy Network and the Renal Pathology Society; Conference Participants. Oxford Classification of IgA nephropathy 2016: an update from the IgA Nephropathy Classification Working Group. Kidney Int. 2017 May;91(5):1014-1021. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.02.003. Epub 2017 Mar 22. PMID: 28341274.

DAPA-CKD: 

Heerspink HJL, Stefánsson BV, Correa-Rotter R, Chertow GM, Greene T, Hou FF, Mann JFE, McMurray JJV, Lindberg M, Rossing P, Sjöström CD, Toto RD, Langkilde AM, Wheeler DC; DAPA-CKD Trial Committees and Investigators. Dapagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. N Engl J Med. 2020 Oct 8;383(15):1436-1446. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2024816. Epub 2020 Sep 24. PMID: 32970396.

EMPA-Kidney: 

The EMPA-KIDNEY Collaborative Group; Herrington WG, Staplin N, Wanner C, Green JB, Hauske SJ, Emberson JR, Preiss D, Judge P, Mayne KJ, Ng SYA, Sammons E, Zhu D, Hill M, Stevens W, Wallendszus K, Brenner S, Cheung AK, Liu ZH, Li J, Hooi LS, Liu W, Kadowaki T, Nangaku M, Levin A, Cherney D, Maggioni AP, Pontremoli R, Deo R, Goto S, Rossello X, Tuttle KR, Steubl D, Petrini M, Massey D, Eilbracht J, Brueckmann M, Landray MJ, Baigent C, Haynes R. Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. N Engl J Med. 2023 Jan 12;388(2):117-127. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2204233. Epub 2022 Nov 4. PMID: 36331190; PMCID: PMC7614055.

STOP-IgAN trial: 

Rauen T, Eitner F, Fitzner C, Sommerer C, Zeier M, Otte B, Panzer U, Peters H, Benck U, Mertens PR, Kuhlmann U, Witzke O, Gross O, Vielhauer V, Mann JF, Hilgers RD, Floege J; STOP-IgAN Investigators. Intensive Supportive Care plus Immunosuppression in IgA Nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2015 Dec 3;373(23):2225-36. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1415463. PMID: 26630142.

TESTING trial:

Lv J, Wong MG, Hladunewich MA, Jha V, Hooi LS, Monaghan H, Zhao M, Barbour S, Jardine MJ, Reich HN, Cattran D, Glassock R, Levin A, Wheeler DC, Woodward M, Billot L, Stepien S, Rogers K, Chan TM, Liu ZH, Johnson DW, Cass A, Feehally J, Floege J, Remuzzi G, Wu Y, Agarwal R, Zhang H, Perkovic V; TESTING Study Group. Effect of Oral Methylprednisolone on Decline in Kidney Function or Kidney Failure in Patients With IgA Nephropathy: The TESTING Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2022 May 17;327(19):1888-1898. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.5368. PMID: 35579642; PMCID: PMC9115617.

Phase 3 trial of targeted-release budesonide (NefIgArd): 

Barratt J, Lafayette R, Kristensen J, Stone A, Cattran D, Floege J, Tesar V, Trimarchi H, Zhang H, Eren N, Paliege A, Rovin BH; NefIgArd Trial Investigators. Results from part A of the multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled NefIgArd trial, which evaluated targeted-release formulation of budesonide for the treatment of primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2023 Feb;103(2):391-402. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.09.017. Epub 2022 Oct 19. PMID: 36270561.

MAIN trial:

Hou FF, Xie D, Wang J, Xu X, Yang X, Ai J, Nie S, Liang M, Wang G, Jia N; MAIN Trial Investigators. Effectiveness of Mycophenolate Mofetil Among Patients With Progressive IgA Nephropathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Feb 1;6(2):e2254054. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.54054. PMID: 36745456.

A note on pronunciation: We dug a little deeper after recording this, and following the people they’re named after, Jean Berger (a French speaker) and Johann Conrad Peyer (a German speaker), “Berger” should rhyme with “hooray” and “Peyer” should rhyme with “fire.” The more you know!

Disclosures: 

ISGD receives general financial support from Boehringer Ingelheim, Travere Therapeutics, and Calliditas Therapeutics, among other companies, through corporate partnerships. None of these entities was involved in or had any influence on the content or editing of this episode.

Koyal Jain serves as principal site investigator for Kaneka’s  FSGSALLAGE (NCT04065438) and FSGS Pediatric (NCT02235857) clinical trials. 

Kenar Jhaveri is the National Scientific Lead for Otsuka's VISIONARY trial for IgA Nephropathy, and serves as a consultant for Otsuka, Novartis, and Calliditas.

In this episode, we talk with Dr. Felicitas Hengel, MD and Dr. Nicola Tomas, MD (both at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf) about their groundbreaking anti-nephrin autoantibody research that was just presented at the 2024 ERA Congress and published in the New England Journal of Medicine. Is this a game-changer for minimal change? How could this new understanding change diagnosis and treatment in the future? Are anti-nephrin autoantibodies the next PLA2R? What are the next steps for follow-up studies? And how do you do a big international study like this, anyway? 

References:

The study: 

Hengel FE, Dehde S, Lassé M, Zahner G, Seifert L, Schnarre A, Kretz O, Demir F, Pinnschmidt HO, Grahammer F, Lucas R, Mehner LM, Zimmermann T, Billing AM, Oh J, Mitrotti A, Pontrelli P, Debiec H, Dossier C, Colucci M, Emma F, Smoyer WE, Weins A, Schaefer F, Alachkar N, Diemert A, Hogan J, Hoxha E, Wiech T, Rinschen MM, Ronco P, Vivarelli M, Gesualdo L, Tomas NM, Huber TB; International Society of Glomerular Disease. Autoantibodies Targeting Nephrin in Podocytopathies. N Engl J Med. 2024 May 25. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2314471. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38804512.

More information on the research, including additional Q&A with the authors: https://www.is-gd.org/anti-nephrin-autoantibodies 

 Previous research by Astrid Weins:

Watts AJB, Keller KH, Lerner G, Rosales I, Collins AB, Sekulic M, Waikar SS, Chandraker A, Riella LV, Alexander MP, Troost JP, Chen J, Fermin D, Yee JL, Sampson MG, Beck LH Jr, Henderson JM, Greka A, Rennke HG, Weins A. Discovery of Autoantibodies Targeting Nephrin in Minimal Change Disease Supports a Novel Autoimmune Etiology. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022 Jan;33(1):238-252. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2021060794. Epub 2021 Nov 3. PMID: 34732507; PMCID: PMC8763186.

In this episode, Kenar and Koyal interview Dr. Astrid Weins, MD, PhD, about nephropathology, new approaches to solving the mysteries of nephrotic syndrome, and her research on anti-nephrin antibodies in minimal change disease. Dr. Weins is Chief of Integrated Renal Pathology at Mass General/Brigham and an Assistant Professor of Pathology at Harvard.

Interested in this topic? Stay tuned for additional new research on anti-nephrin antibodies that will be presented in a Late-Breaking Clinical Trials session on May 25 at the 2024 ERA Congress.

References:

2022 JASN paper proposing nephrin auti-antibodies in MCD: 

Watts AJB, Keller KH, Lerner G, Rosales I, Collins AB, Sekulic M, Waikar SS, Chandraker A, Riella LV, Alexander MP, Troost JP, Chen J, Fermin D, Yee JL, Sampson MG, Beck LH Jr, Henderson JM, Greka A, Rennke HG, Weins A. Discovery of Autoantibodies Targeting Nephrin in Minimal Change Disease Supports a Novel Autoimmune Etiology. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022 Jan;33(1):238-252. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2021060794. Epub 2021 Nov 3. PMID: 34732507; PMCID: PMC8763186.

Examples of Julie Goodwin and Bill Smoyer’s work on the podocyte’s response to steroids: 

Zhou H, Tian X, Tufro A, Moeckel G, Ishibe S, Goodwin J. Loss of the podocyte glucocorticoid receptor exacerbates proteinuria after injury. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 29;7(1):9833. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10490-z. PMID: 28852159; PMCID: PMC5575043.

Bhayana S, Zhao Y, Merchant M, Cummins T, Dougherty JA, Kamigaki Y, Pathmasiri W, McRitchie S, Mariani LH, Sumner S, Klein JB, Li L, Smoyer WE; Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium. Multiomics Analysis of Plasma Proteomics and Metabolomics of Steroid Resistance in Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome Using a "Patient-Specific" Approach. Kidney Int Rep. 2023 Mar 23;8(6):1239-1254. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.03.015. PMID: 37284673; PMCID: PMC10239920.

Pediatric cohort and rapid response to corticosteroids:

Circulating Nephrin Autoantibodies Are Present in Almost 2/3 of Steroid-Naïve Pediatric Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome. Presented at ASN Kidney Week 2023, abstract: SA-OR80. https://www.asn-online.org/education/kidneyweek/2023/program-abstract.aspx?controlId=3946457 

In this episode, Kenar and Koyal talk with Dr. Jula Inrig about endothelin physiology and different approaches to endothelin antagonism, trials of sparsentan in IgAN and FSGS, the art and science of clinical trial design, career paths in clinical research outside academia, and how we got to our current era of plentiful nephrology clinical trials.

Disclosure: Jula Inrig is the Chief Medical Officer of Travere Therapeutics, which is one of multiple corporate partners that provide financial support to ISGD. Dr. Inrig also serves independently on the ISGD Steering Committee as a representative of industry. Travere had no role in developing the interview questions, editing the episode, or otherwise determining the content of this podcast. 

References

SONAR trial and effects of endothelin-A antagonism on heart failure: 

Waijer SW, Gansevoort RT, Bakris GL, Correa-Rotter R, Hou FF, Kohan DE, Kitzman DW, Makino H, McMurray JJV, Perkovic V, Tobe S, Parving HH, de Zeeuw D, Heerspink HJL. The Effect of Atrasentan on Kidney and Heart Failure Outcomes by Baseline Albuminuria and Kidney Function: A Post Hoc Analysis of the SONAR Randomized Trial. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2021 Dec;16(12):1824-1832. doi: 10.2215/CJN.07340521. Epub 2021 Dec 1. PMID: 34853062; PMCID: PMC8729501.

PROTECT trial: 

Rovin BH, Barratt J, Heerspink HJL, Alpers CE, Bieler S, Chae DW, Diva UA, Floege J, Gesualdo L, Inrig JK, Kohan DE, Komers R, Kooienga LA, Lafayette R, Maes B, Małecki R, Mercer A, Noronha IL, Oh SW, Peh CA, Praga M, Preciado P, Radhakrishnan J, Rheault MN, Rote WE, Tang SCW, Tesar V, Trachtman H, Trimarchi H, Tumlin JA, Wong MG, Perkovic V; DUPRO steering committee and PROTECT Investigators. Efficacy and safety of sparsentan versus irbesartan in patients with IgA nephropathy (PROTECT): 2-year results from a randomised, active-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2023 Dec 2;402(10417):2077-2090. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02302-4. Epub 2023 Nov 3. PMID: 37931634.

DUPLEX trial:

Rheault MN, Alpers CE, Barratt J, Bieler S, Canetta P, Chae DW, Coppock G, Diva U, Gesualdo L, Heerspink HJL, Inrig JK, Kirsztajn GM, Kohan D, Komers R, Kooienga LA, Lieberman K, Mercer A, Noronha IL, Perkovic V, Radhakrishnan J, Rote W, Rovin B, Tesar V, Trimarchi H, Tumlin J, Wong MG, Trachtman H; DUPRO Steering Committee and DUPLEX Investigators. Sparsentan versus Irbesartan in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2023 Dec 28;389(26):2436-2445. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2308550. Epub 2023 Nov 3. PMID: 37921461.

Using sparsentan in treatment-naive early IgA patients (SPARTAN trial): 

Sparsentan as First-Line Treatment of Incident Patients with IgA Nephropathy: Preliminary Findings from the SPARTAN Trial (ASN Kidney Week 2023 session, abstract SA-PO901) https://www.asn-online.org/education/kidneyweek/2023/program-abstract.aspx?controlId=3940774

KHI project defining the relationship between proteinuria, GFR, and kidney failure in IgAN:

Thompson A, Carroll K, A Inker L, Floege J, Perkovic V, Boyer-Suavet S, W Major R, I Schimpf J, Barratt J, Cattran DC, S Gillespie B, Kausz A, W Mercer A, Reich HN, H Rovin B, West M, Nachman PH. Proteinuria Reduction as a Surrogate End Point in Trials of IgA Nephropathy. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019 Mar 7;14(3):469-481. doi: 10.2215/CJN.08600718. Epub 2019 Jan 11. PMID: 30635299; PMCID: PMC6419287.

KHI project for FSGS endpoints: 

https://khi.asn-online.org/projects/project.aspx?ID=74 

PARASOL Project: https://www.is-gd.org/parasol 

FLOW trial:

Rossing P, Baeres FMM, Bakris G, Bosch-Traberg H, Gislum M, Gough SCL, Idorn T, Lawson J, Mahaffey KW, Mann JFE, Mersebach H, Perkovic V, Tuttle K, Pratley R. The rationale, design and baseline data of FLOW, a kidney outcomes trial with once-weekly semaglutide in people with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2023 Aug 31;38(9):2041-2051. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfad009. Erratum in: Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2024 Mar 27;39(4):724. PMID: 36651820; PMCID: PMC10469096.

RaDaR: https://ukkidney.org/rare-renal/radar

Clinical trials in nephrology compared to other specialties:

Inrig JK, Califf RM, Tasneem A, Vegunta RK, Molina C, Stanifer JW, Chiswell K, Patel UD. The landscape of clinical trials in nephrology: a systematic review of Clinicaltrials.gov. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014 May;63(5):771-80. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.10.043. Epub 2013 Dec 6. PMID: 24315119; PMCID: PMC3988265.

Clinical Trials in Nephrology: An Updated Systematic Review of ClinicalTrials.gov (ASN Kidney Week 2019 session, abstract FR-PO1199) 

https://www.asn-online.org/education/kidneyweek/2019/program-abstract.aspx?controlId=3237149