En el episodio de hoy, vamos a hablar de la cadera post-ictus, un tema que, como dice el título, es una encrucijada, ya que es un lugar donde se cruzan varios caminos, varias explicaciones sobre el movimiento de los pacientes neurológicos. El episodio parte de un introducción, un breve recordatorio anatómico de la cadera, una justificación de por qué hacer episodios como este y después iremos recorriendo algunos estudios que he leído y sintetizado que tienen relación con el fenotipo de la cadera post-ictus. Compensaciones, fatiga, biomecánica...al servicio de la neurociencia.
Referencias del episodio:
(1) Neumann DA. Kinesiology of the hip: a focus on muscular actions. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010 Feb;40(2):82-94. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2010.3025. PMID: 20118525 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20118525/).
(2) Hyngstrom AS, Onushko T, Heitz RP, Rutkowski A, Hunter SK, Schmit BD. Stroke-related changes in neuromuscular fatigue of the hip flexors and functional implications. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2012 Jan;91(1):33-42. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e31823caac0. PMID: 22157434; PMCID: PMC3940208 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22157434/).
(3) Rybar MM, Walker ER, Kuhnen HR, Ouellette DR, Berrios R, Hunter SK, Hyngstrom AS. The stroke-related effects of hip flexion fatigue on over ground walking. Gait Posture. 2014 Apr;39(4):1103-8. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.01.012. Epub 2014 Jan 31. PMID: 24602975; PMCID: PMC4007512 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24602975/).
(4) Lewek MD, Schmit BD, Hornby TG, Dhaher YY. Hip joint position modulates volitional knee extensor muscle activity after stroke. Muscle Nerve. 2006 Dec;34(6):767-74. doi: 10.1002/mus.20663. PMID: 16967491 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16967491/).
(5) Cruz TH, Dhaher YY. Evidence of abnormal lower-limb torque coupling after stroke: an isometric study. Stroke. 2008 Jan;39(1):139-47. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.492413. Epub 2007 Dec 6. PMID: 18063824; PMCID: PMC3641752 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18063824/).
(6) Finley JM, Perreault EJ, Dhaher YY. Stretch reflex coupling between the hip and knee: implications for impaired gait following stroke. Exp Brain Res. 2008 Jul;188(4):529-40. doi: 10.1007/s00221-008-1383-z. Epub 2008 Apr 30. PMID: 18446331; PMCID: PMC2881696 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18446331/).
(7) Sulzer JS, Gordon KE, Dhaher YY, Peshkin MA, Patton JL. Preswing knee flexion assistance is coupled with hip abduction in people with stiff-knee gait after stroke. Stroke. 2010 Aug;41(8):1709-14. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.586917. Epub 2010 Jun 24. PMID: 20576947; PMCID: PMC3306800 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20576947/).
(8) Matsuda et al. 2016. Analysis of strategies used by hemiplegic stroke patients to achieve toe clearance (https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjcrs/7/0/7_111/_article).
(9) Awad LN, Bae J, Kudzia P, Long A, Hendron K, Holt KG, OʼDonnell K, Ellis TD, Walsh CJ. Reducing Circumduction and Hip Hiking During Hemiparetic Walking Through Targeted Assistance of the Paretic Limb Using a Soft Robotic Exosuit. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2017 Oct;96(10 Suppl 1):S157-S164. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000800. PMID: 28777105; PMCID: PMC7479995 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28777105/).
(10) Akbas T, Prajapati S, Ziemnicki D, Tamma P, Gross S, Sulzer J. Hip circumduction is not a compensation for reduced knee flexion angle during gait. J Biomech. 2019 Apr 18;87:150-156. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.02.026. Epub 2019 Mar 8. PMID: 30876735 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30876735/).