The roots of Guatemala’s civil war can be tied back to June 27, 1954, when the CIA orchestrated a coup against president Jacobo Arbenz Guzman to protect the profits of the infamous United Fruit Company. Over the next 40 years, a civil war ensued in which over 200,000 people lost their lives and atrocities were committed against the Maya.

On today's episode, Carmen gives Cristina a brief history on the Guatemalan civil war, so that next episode, she can share the story of Myrna Mack Chang.

If you have topic suggestions, feel free email [email protected]

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historiasunknown/

Sources
​​https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/murder-myrna-mack/ 
https://aaww.org/myrna-mack-chang-chinese-guatemalan-human-rights-defender/ https://www.democracynow.org/2003/9/11/sept_11_1990_u_s_backed  https://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=
https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1417&context=hrbrief  https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/jacobo-arbenz-guzman-deposed/ 
https://hrdag.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/CEHreport-english.pdf 

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On January 28, 1917, seventeen year old Carmelita Torres refused to exit the trolley on the Santa Fe Bridge and follow US health officials to a chemical bath. 30 women followed after her. Soon, that 30 became hundreds and then thousands. This would be called "the Bath Riots" and it lasted 2 days. Newspapers referred to the women as Amazons and called Carmelita Torres the red haired amazon. Not much is known about her, but she inspired thousands.

If you have topic suggestions, feel free email [email protected]

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historiasunknown/ W

Sources

https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/bath-riots
Ringside Seat to a Revolution: An Underground Cultural History of El Paso and Juarez: 1893-1923 by David Dorado Romo. 2005. 
https://www.historians.org/research-and-publications/perspectives-on-history/summer-2022/from-bath-riots-to-blocking-asylum-public-health-and-race-at-the-us-mexico-border https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/el-paso-bath-house-riots-1917

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On July 24, 1973, twelve year old Santos Rodriguez was brutally murdered by Dallas Police Officer Darell Cain, but the murder pushed the Mexican American community of Dallas to demand justice.  On today's episode, Carmen tells Cristina about the violent and tragic murder of Santos and how the Mexican American community came together in the aftermath.

TW: murder of a child, police violence, mention of suicide

If you have topic suggestions, feel free email [email protected]

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historiasunknown/ 
Sources  
https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/santos-rodriguez/ https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2013/07/24/205121429/How-The-Death-Of-A-12-Year-Old-Changed-The-City-Of-Dallas 
https://www.dallasnews.com/news/2013/07/22/40-years-after-santos-rodriguezs-murder-scars-remain-for-family-neighbors-and-dallas/ 
https://flashbackdallas.com/2018/07/28/santos-rodriguez-the-march-of-justice-1973/  https://flashbackdallas.com/2018/07/24/santos-rodriguez1960-1973/  https://drive.google.com/file/d/1nv2WzKtYFX4f1fLfuX_3IoBKo-t_QB5q/view  https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xHG6z8cEMS_GxE88bL3fR5IuLUp1NB2U/view  https://www.wfaa.com/article/news/local/48-years-after-his-murder-santos-rodriguezs-mother-gets-an-apology-from-dallas-police/287-131a3387-6ed7-4031-a1f9-d0d40ecd6f49  https://www.wfaa.com/article/news/local/santos-rodriguez-statue-unveiling-dallas-police-darrell-cain/287-1791a5c8-4007-4a03-b0bc-b96f9e209b43  https://www.dmagazine.com/frontburner/2023/07/santos-rodriguez-was-killed-50-years-ago-dallas-remembers-him-as-beautiful-innocent-and-free/  https://issuu.com/ghevergreen/docs/february_2017_6a077638dfa1d9

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During opening weekend, Oppenheimer, raked in$80.5 million, second to Barbie. While the film Oppenheimer is about physicist Robert Oppenheimer and his efforts to create the atomic bomb, what many movie goes do not know, is that this "near-desolate" land where all this was taking place, was actually not empty. It was home to indigenous people and to several Hispano families. They were displaced for Oppenheimer's labs, then, on July 16th, 1945, these same communities, the downwinders, lives were changed forever.

On today's episode, Cristina tells Carmen about the less known history of the Manhattan project, the Hispano communities displaced by the construction of the labs and the Hispanos, known as downwinders, who were affected after the test bomb was detonated.

If you have topic suggestions, feel free email [email protected]

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historiasunknown/

Sources
https://www.sciencehistory.org/stories/magazine/in-the-shadow-of-oppenheimer/ http://lanl-the-rest-of-the-story.blogspot.com/2008/07/lab-workers-awarded-12-million-by-sarah.html?m=1 https://www.justice.gov/civil/common/reca https://ahf.nuclearmuseum.org/voices/oral-histories/rosario-martinez-fiorillos-interview/
https://www.rehumanizeintl.org/post/sacrificed-in-the-name-of-global-power-how-us-nuclear-policy-harmed-native-american-nations#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=16900514411331&referrer=
https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&share=
https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rehumanizeintl.org%2Fpost%2Fsacrificed-in-the-name-of-global-power-how-us-nuclear-policy-harmed-native-american-nations https://ahf.nuclearmuseum.org/ahf/history/hispanos-los-alamos/ https://ahf.nuclearmuseum.org/ahf/history/civilian-displacement-los-alamos-nm/ https://ahf.nuclearmuseum.org/ahf/history/native-americans-and-manhattan-project/ 

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Luisa Moreno was Guatemalan labor movement activist, she unionized workers, led strikes, and brought together first national Latino civil rights assembly in 1939. She paved the road for future labor movements like the United Farm Workers, yet her name is not as well known.

On today's episode, Cristina tells Carmen about Luisa Moreno

If you have topic suggestions, feel free email [email protected] o

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historiasunknown/ W

Sources
https://sandiegohistory.org/journal/1995/october/moreno/ https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/releases/national-museum-american-history-looks-latino-labor-rights https://americacomesalive.com/luisa-moreno-1907-1992-labor-organizer/ https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/guatemalan-immigrant-luisa-moreno-expelled-us-groundbreaking-labor-activism-180969750/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luisa_Moreno
https://americanhistory.si.edu/american-enterprise/new-perspectives/luisa-moreno https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Under_a_Texas_Moon 

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Pedro Zamora gained notoriety as a cast member in season four of the Real World. As a Real World cast member, Pedro touched many lives and humanized AIDS/HIV. Prior to the Real World, Pedro was an AIDS educator and he even testified before congress advocating for better HIV/AIDS educational programs.

On today's episode, Carmen tells Cristina about Pedro Zamora..

If you have topic suggestions, feel free email [email protected]

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historiasunknown/ W

Sources
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Zamora https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariel_boatlift https://www.hrc.org/news/hrc-honors-five-latinx-lgbtq-historical-figures-for-latinx-heritage-month https://www.aidsmemorial.org/post/pedro-zamora
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_(film)
http://www.therainbowtimesmass.com/positive-thoughts-passing-the-torch-pedro-zamoras-impact/ 

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Did you know, the first openly gay candidate to run for a public office in the United States was a Latino man and a drag queen? Jose Sarria was an instrumental activist to the LGBTQ+ community, he was a veteran, a drag queen and an empress.

On today's episode, Cristina tells Carmen about the historic and iconic, Jose Sarria

If you have topic suggestions, feel free email [email protected] 

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historiasunknown/ W

Sources

https://sfbaytimes.com/jose-sarria-the-drag-queen-who-changed-san-francisco/
https://latina.com/the-empress-is-a-man-the-drag-royalty-of-jose-julio-sarria/#amp_ct=1686458693576&_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=16864586406550&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&share=
https%3A%2F%2Flatina.com%2Fthe-empress-is-a-man-the-drag-royalty-of-jose-julio-sarria%2F https://legacyprojectchicago.org/person/jose-sarria
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Sarria 

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Jessie Lopez De La Cruz was a Mexican America Farm worker and activist. She was the first women to work as a recruiter for the United Farm Workers and she was responsible for the signing up the highest amount of new members. She also worked at the first UFW hiring hall, which was located at her house in Parlier, CA. She joined every strike and protest she could, she was a community organizer and she also taught English to farm workers.

On today's episode, Cristina tells Carmen about this historic and iconic leader.

If you have topic suggestions, feel free email [email protected]

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historiasunknown/

Sources

Jessie De La Cruz: A Profile of a United Farm Worker by Gary Soto https://aflcio.org/2020/3/25/womens-history-month-profiles-jessie-lopez-de-la-cruz https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jessie_Lopez_De_La_Cruz 

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On March 20, 1969, students of West High in Denver, CO walked out of their classes to protest racism. This became one of the most violent student protests in US history. The students were demanding bilingual classes, the firing of a racist teacher, for teachers to quit steering students toward the armed forces and more.

On today's episode, Carmen tells Cristina about this moment in US History.

If you have topic suggestions, feel free email [email protected] o

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historiasunknown/

Sources

https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/mexican-american-students-walkout/ https://www.veteransofhope.org/veterans/rodolfo-corky-gonzales/ https://www.historycolorado.org/press-release/2015/03/25/latino-students-denvers-west-high-walked-out-week-1969-protest 
https://latinohistoryproject.org/item/west-high-blowout-1969/#  https://latinohistoryproject.org/item/west-high-school-walkout-of-1969-huelga-de-west-high-school-en-1969-2015/ 
https://latinohistoryproject.org/item/chicano-students-demands-at-west-high/  https://latinohistoryproject.org/item/chicano-students-demands-at-west-high/  https://www.9news.com/article/news/local/one-of-the-most-violent-student-protests-in-colorado-took-place-50-years-ago-today/73-005d4626-9536-47b8-87d8-102ba1ba2536  https://www.cpr.org/2019/03/18/chicano-progress-today-owes-much-to-the-denver-west-high-blowouts-of-50-years-ago/ 
https://www.cpr.org/2019/03/18/chicano-progress-today-owes-much-to-the-denver-west-high-blowouts-of-50-years-ago/  

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The 1960s were a time of revolution, with many movements co-occurring across the United States. Inspired by these movements, one neighborhood made history. Barrio Logan in San Diego, California came together to stop the construction of a highway patrol substation and instead built their own park, now known as Chicano park.

In this episode, Cristina tells Carmen about the occupation that led to Chicano park.

If you have topic suggestions, feel free email [email protected]

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historiasunknown/

Sources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicano_Park
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/fifty-years-ago-fed-citys-neglect-san-diego-community-rose-create-chicano-park-180974764/
https://www.cntraveler.com/story/san-diegos-barrio-logan-remains-a-stronghold-of-chicano-culture#:~:text=Established%20by%20refugees%20of%20the,Chicano%20civic%20and%20cultural%20engagement.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrio_Logan,_San_Diego
http://www.chicano-park.com/cpscbattleof.html
https://www.fhcsd.org/history-of-family-health-centers-of-san-diego/ 

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