The epic journey of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark across the uncharted American West has long been celebrated as one of the most remarkable feats of exploration in U.S. history. But beneath the heroic narrative of adventure and scientific discovery lies a more uncomfortable, yet historically vital reality: venereal disease—particularly syphilis—was a constant and deeply disruptive problem for the men of the expedition. It was a hidden affliction that not only shaped individual fates but also reflected the broader medical, social, and sexual dynamics of early 19th-century America.

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The frontier was a land of promise and peril, wide, unsettled, and often lawless. In this space between civilization and wilderness, one figure became both symbol and servant of order: the circuit judge. Mounted on horseback and armed with little more than a Bible, a law book, and an unshakable belief in justice, these roving magistrates brought the authority of the courts to some of the most remote corners of early America. 

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In this compelling episode of History Shorts, we’re joined by scholar and author Zaakir Tameez to discuss his new book, Charles Sumner: The Conscience of a Nation. Tameez sheds new light on the life and legacy of one of America’s most uncompromising abolitionists and moral voices during the 19th century, a man whose fierce opposition to slavery, eloquent speeches, and refusal to compromise would leave a permanent mark on American democracy. From the infamous caning on the Senate floor to his complex relationships with Lincoln and Reconstruction, Tameez repositions Sumner not just as a historical figure but as a moral force whose vision of equality still echoes today.

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THIS WEEK'S THE COLLECTOR.COM'S ARTICLE SELECTION: 

1. Rise of Abraham Lincoln
2. The Thirteenth Amendment

In 1860, as the nation teetered on the brink of civil war, the Republican Party crafted a ticket designed to bridge the divides of a fractured Union. Abraham Lincoln, a self‑taught prairie lawyer from Illinois, needed balance, someone seasoned, staunchly anti‑slavery, and from the East. The choice was not the man that you likely remember that became the president after Lincoln’s assassination, that was the second term vice president. I am talking about Hannibal Hamlin, a former Jacksonian Democrat turned radical abolitionist from Maine. Though relatively unknown to the public, Hamlin brought moral clarity and political weight to the ticket.

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Before America officially entered World War II, a group of daring young American women made history, only to be forgotten by it. In this episode, author Becky Aikman joins History Shorts to discuss her groundbreaking new book, Spitfires: The American Women Pilots Who Flew for Britain in World War II. Aikman takes us behind the scenes of her five-year journey uncovering the thrilling, heartbreaking, and near-unbelievable stories of the 25 American women who joined Britain’s Air Transport Auxiliary, flying combat aircraft across war zones—before they were even allowed to do so in their own country.

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THIS WEEK'S THE COLLECTOR.COM'S ARTICLE SELECTION: 

1. What Role Did Women Play in World War II?
2. How Women Entered the Workforce in World War II

In the glittering court of imperial St. Petersburg, amid opulent balls and the orchestral sweep of Wagner and Tchaikovsky, a forbidden romance once stirred hearts and defied decorum. The man destined to become Russia’s last Tsar, Nicholas Alexandrovich, found himself irresistibly drawn to a ballerina who moved like a goddess on stage and held his fate in her poised grasp. Mathilde Kschessinska, the enchanting Prima Ballerina of the Mariinsky Theatre, captivated more than audiences; she captured a Tsarevich - or did she?

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On August 8, 1963, just after 3 a.m., the quiet Buckinghamshire countryside was electrified by one of the most daring heists in British history. A Royal Mail train hurtling down the West Coast Main Line was stopped at a signal deliberately manipulated by a meticulously planned gang drifting in blue boiler suits. In under twenty minutes, they had ripped open sacks of cash, bundles worth £2.6 million, ransacked the train, and vanished into the night. This was not a robbery; it was a feat of criminal spectacle that gripped the nation, inspired lasting legends, and fundamentally changed both policing and crime in post-war Britain.

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Few names from antiquity evoke the same mystique, glamour, and controversy as Cleopatra VII, the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt. A queen both revered and reviled across centuries of historical retellings, she has been cast variously as a seductive manipulator, a brilliant political strategist, a tragic lover, and an ambitious ruler who dared to challenge Rome’s expanding grip. Yet for all the drama and detail surrounding her life, Cleopatra’s final resting place remains one of the great archaeological mysteries of the ancient world. Despite centuries of speculation and modern expeditions, her tomb has never been found. 

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When it comes to the shadowy world of World War II espionage, the Vatican might seem an unlikely player. After all, enclosed behind the ancient walls of the Holy See, the spiritual heart of Roman Catholicism maintained an image of neutrality and detachment. Yet beneath the marble floors and hushed halls of the Vatican, a hidden war raged; a covert struggle fought not with weapons, but with whispers, parchment, and secret meetings. Behind the public façade of impartiality, Pope Pius XII and a tight network of clergy, diplomats, and lay operatives orchestrated one of the most elusive and complex intelligence webs in wartime Europe: the Vatican’s secret spy network.

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In this captivating episode, we sit down with Dr. Martyn Rady, a renowned British historian and preeminent expert on Central Europe, to unravel the layered legacies of the Habsburg Empire. From his early love of history (sparked by history-teacher parents) to the surprising global reach of Habsburg rule, Rady brings both wit and wisdom to the mic.

We explore how the Habsburgs’ dynastic empire spanned continents, managed competing national identities, and enacted tens of thousands of edicts, some so obscure they were never published. Dr. Rady challenges common perceptions of empire and unpacks the misunderstood resilience of Central Europe, shaped by Roman law, warfare, and religious authority.

He also previews his next project on the empires and borderlands of Eastern Europe, including insights into the volatile histories of Ukraine and the Balkans. Whether you're fascinated by the mechanics of imperial power or the bureaucratic absurdities of fish-measuring decrees, this is a must-listen.

Highlights:

• Why the Habsburgs were more than just a European dynasty

• What makes 1526 a turning point in Central European identity

• How Roman law reshaped monarchy, morality, and governance

• How World War I obliterated centuries of imperial stability

• The bureaucratic excesses of the 18th century and their bizarre legal decrees

• The legacy of Charlemagne and the ideological roots of "empire"

• Why Dr. Rady regrets not becoming a historian of the Canary Islands!

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Peter's This Week's Top Picks from The Collector:

1. The Habsburgs: From the Alps to European Dominance
2. The Habsburgs: A Millennia-Old Dynasty