Knowledge at Wharton

Ever since Netflix launched its online video rental service in 1999 conventional wisdom has suggested that the clock was ticking on its business model. First there were worries that Blockbuster would squash Netflix. Then it was Wal-Mart’s DVD rental service which Netflix absorbed in a partnership arrangement last year. Today Netflix is under fire from movie download services offered by powerhouses such as Amazon.com and Apple. Looking ahead what kind of sequel is likely for Netflix?

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Errors in corporate strategy are often self-inflicted and a singular focus on shareholder value is the ”Bermuda Triangle” of strategy according to Michael E. Porter director of Harvard’s Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness. Porter who recently spoke at Wharton as part of the school’s SEI Center Distinguished Lecture Series challenged managers to stop trying to be the best company in their industry and instead deliver ”a unique value” to their customers.

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Shoppers with tastes or sizes that fall outside the mainstream may have more trouble finding what they want in stores as retailers attempt to shift low-volume items to Internet sales. According to Wharton faculty and industry analysts retailers are paring back in-store selections in order to save inventory handling costs as well as precious floor space. The strategy however has its drawbacks.

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In India regulatory protections for investors are weak banks don’t lend much money to small- and medium-size businesses and the country’s legal system is highly corrupt. Yet when it comes to economic growth India seems to be doing everything right. How can this be? According to a new study by professors at Wharton and three other business schools owners of small- and medium-size firms have found ways to finance growth and settle legal disputes outside the system.

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As Chinese firms increasingly turn their attention to strengthening their ability to compete in the global economy they have a new challenge -- developing international expertise. One way they are doing this is by turning to Western executive education programs which can include everything from courses in finance marketing and corporate governance to a visit to Bloomingdale’s and meals at noted Western restaurants.

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With all the statistics showing how many adults in the United States are obese (30%) how many deaths are caused each year by obesity (365 000) and how bad the problem is (getting worse not better) it’s no surprise that obesity is definitely on employers’ radar screens this year. But Wharton experts and others point out obesity is not just bad for the individual; it also weighs heavily on companies’ rising health care costs.

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A recent issue of the Wall Street Journal had two front page stories one on executive compensation and the other on backdating of stock options. The headline for the first was ”Behind Soaring Executive Pay Decades of Failed Restraints ” the implication being that executive compensation is out of control and seems to resist all attempts to rein it in. Wharton accounting professor Wayne Guay talks with Knowledge at Wharton about his views on executive compensation including the role of stock options in rewarding top managers.

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Mike McCallister CEO of Humana one of the United States’ largest publicly traded health benefits providers is leading the company’s change from a traditional  ”one-size-fits-all” health care delivery model to one in which product innovation is driven by consumer needs. McCallister spoke with Wharton management professor Michael Useem and Stephen Wilson engagement director in George Group Consulting’s Conquering Complexity practice about managing complexity while innovating in a rapidly changing industry.

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The crisis at Hewlett-Packard over allegations that its chairwoman Patricia Dunn authorized illegal surveillance of HP board members in order to find out who leaked sensitive company information to the press is dragging on perhaps longer than most people first expected. And it has raised a number of important issues about corporate governance privacy protection and surveillance of employees. Tom Donaldson professor of legal studies and business ethics at Wharton joins Knowledge at Wharton to talk about HP’s woes as they relate to business practices both in the U.S. and abroad. Donaldson’s research areas include business ethics leadership risk management and corporate compliance. He has consulted with companies ranging from Goldman Sachs and Wachovia to Exelon and KPMG and is currently working on articles about corporate risk management programs and cash management practices at non-profit organizations.

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Next week the Federal Reserve meets to decide whether to increase interest rates or to keep them unchanged -- but the picture on inflation looks unclear. On October 17 the Bureau of Labor Statistics announced that the Producer Price Index for finished goods fell by 1.3% in September. Much of this was driven by the drop in energy prices -- which have seen the sharpest decline in nearly three years. Core wholesale prices however went up by 0.6% because of a recovery in the cars and light trucks business. What do these mixed signals mean for the economy? Will the Fed’s Open Market Committee keep rates steady or will there be an increase? Jeremy Siegel a professor of finance at Wharton spoke with Knowledge at Wharton about why the Fed is unlikely to raise interest rates at least until the end of the year.

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