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の often gets used for things that have no physical presence, such as an event, idea, fact, or thought. This is similar to the meanings of the Japanese noun 事, which is actually considered a nominalizer as well. So, の and 事 are often interchangeable.
Meanings of nominalizer の change depending on the context because it acts like a placeholder for various words: 事 (non-physical thing), 物 (material thing) as well as "time," "place" and "reason."
It can be also used for "reason", 理由(りゆう).
かれ が かいしゃ を やすんだ の は ぐあい が わるい から です。
の is also used to turn clauses into nouns to describe "material things" that have a physical presence. This includes "living things" such as people or animals.
かいぎ で つかう の は この しょるいだけ です。
の is used to turn clauses into nouns to describe "when" and "where" something happens, and it often appears in sentences with other elements that indicate a certain time or place.
かいぎ が ある の は らいしゅう の かようび です。
いち にち の なか で いちばんねむくなる の は ごごにじごろ です。
かれ が はたらいている の は この ちかく です。
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