Luxembourgish with Anne PODCAST

How well do you know your Luxembourgish Prepositions? Not sure?

Don’t worry—this episode is for you! I’ve prepared a quick and fun multiple-choice quiz where you can test your Luxembourgish knowledge about the prepositions.

Here’s how it works: I’ll say a sentence without the preposition then 3 possible answers, you’ll have 5 seconds to think about the correct response, and then I’ll reveal the correct answer. 

With this quiz you’ll be able to assess your knowledge in real-time and discover which prepositions you might need to focus more study. Whether you’re preparing for the *Sproochentest* or just curious about your Luxembourgish level, this quiz will give you a clear idea about your knowledge of prepositions

Bass du prett fir de Quiz

Ech fueren um 7 Auer moies ______ d’Aarbecht. – I drive to work at 7am.

a) an b) op c) zu

b) Ech fueren um 7 Auer moies op d’Aarbecht.

Find the correct preposition:

1. Mir fueren ________ Zuch op Paräis. – We go (drive) by train to Paris.

     a) mat b) mam c) bei

Learn all about the tricky  preposition mat in my lesson on my BLOG called Learn to use correctly the preposition Mat

2. De Fliger kënnt ______ Dublin. – The plane is coming from Dublin.

     a) aus b) zu c) vun

3. Meng Noperen waren 1 Mount ____ Indien. – My neighbours were for 1 month in India.

     a) an b) op c) zu

4. Ech si(nn) _______ 3 Deeg zeréckkomm. – I came back 3 days ago.

      a) no b) an c) virun

5. De Vol ______ 8 Stonnen war ustrengend. – The 8-hour flight was exhausting.

     a) vun b) an c) um

6. Stell d’Fläsch Wäin ____ de Frigo! – Put the bottle of wine into to fridge.

    a) am b) um c) an

7. D’Apdikt ass _______ der Gare. – The pharmacy is next to the station.

     a) tëschent b) iwwert c) niewent

8. D’Fläsch Waasser steet _____ Dësch. – The bottle of water is on the table.

      a) am b) um c) an

9. Ech klammen ______ dem Bus. – I get out of the bus.

     a) aus b) op c) an

10. Ech ginn haut _______ Maria an de Kino. – I go to the cinema with Maria today.

         a) mat b) mam c) mat der

11. Komm mir ginn ________ de Park. Et ass schéint Wieder. – Let’s go through the park. It’s nice weather.

      a) iwwer b) duerch c) laanscht

12. ______ Cours ginn ech direkt heem. – After the course I’ll go straight home.

       a) no der b) no c) nom

13. Mir mussen _____ eis Vakanz schwätzen. – We have to talk about our holidays.

        a) vun b) iwwert c) während

14. ______ gëschter hunn ech Congé. – I’ve been on leave since yesterday.

       a) fir b) virun c) zanter (zënter)

15. Ech léiere _____ 6 Méint Däitsch. – I’ve been learning German for 6 months.

      a) zanter/ säit b) virun c) fir

16. Ech huelen de Bus ____ ______ d’Stad. – The train goes to (as far as) Lux city.

       a) bis / an b) — / an c) — / op

17. Mir fueren ___ de Weekend ___ d’Vakanz. – We’ll drive on vacation at the weekend.

      a) an / an b) an / zu c) — / an

18. _____ Fréijoer schaffen ech gär _____ Gaart. – I like to do some gardening in Spring.

      a) Um / am b) Am / am c) Am / um

19. ____ Mëttwoch ____ Owend ginn ech ____ de Yogacours. – I’ll go this Wednesday        evening to the yogaclass.

      a) — / am / an b) De / en / op c) E / den / an

20. ___ moies drénken ech ____ 7h00 ____ 7h20 Kaffi. – I’m having breakfast from 7am                                until 7h20 every morning (in the mornings)

      a) — / vun / bis b) De / vun / bis c) Am / géint / bis

Do you know what a pronoun is? 🤔 

Pronouns are those small but mighty words that replace nouns, referring to a person, thing, or even an animal. In this episode, we’re diving deep into the pronouns you need to master in Luxembourgish when talking about objects and animals: en, se, and et! 💬

In English, you'd simply say it, but in Luxembourgish, the choice of pronoun depends on the gender of the noun! 

Let’s break it down together and make sure you know exactly when to use en, se, or et!

Let’s imagine that you have a conversation with a colleague and he / she asks you:

• Um wéi vill Auer ass d’Reunioun? – At what time is the meeting?

Now you can answer by repeating the word d’Reunioun:

• D’Reunioun ass um zwou Auer. – The meeting is at 2pm.

But in natural spoken Luxembourgish you won’t repeat d’Reunioun, instead you would replace it by using the pronoun se for feminine things →

• Se ass um zwou Auer.

Anert Beispill – other example

D’Kaz ass schéin. Se ass schéin. – The cat is beautiful. It / she is beautiful. 

Let’s imagine that you intend to buy the mobile phone of a friend and you ask him / her:

• Wéi vill verkeefs du den Handy? – How much do you sell the mobile phone?

Now he / she may answer by repeating the word den Handy:

• Ech verkafen den Handy fir 250€. – I sell the mobile phone for 250€.

But in natural spoken language you won’t repeat den Handy instead you would replace it by using the pronoun en for masculine things →

• Ech verkafen e* fir 250€. – I sell it for 250€.

*Don’t forget the n-rule!

Anert Beispill – other example

De Schockela ass gutt. En ass gutt. – The chocolate is good. It is good. 

Let’s imagine that you have a conversation with a friend about his new flat:

• Wou ass d’ Appartment dann an der Stad? –  Where is the flat located in Luxembourg city?

Now he / she may answer by repeating the word d’Appartement:

• Mäin Appartment ass zu Bouneweg. –  My flat is in Bonnevoie.

But normally you won’t repeat d’ Appartment instead you would replace it by using the pronoun et for neuter things →

• Et ass zu Bouneweg. –  It is in Bonnevoie.

Remark: 

Et ass is reduced to ‘t ass in spoken Luxembourgish: →

’t ass zu Bouneweg.

Anert Beispill – other example

D’Haus ass zimlech nei. ’t ass zimlech nei. – The house is quite new. It’s quite new. 

Watch this lesson on Youtube!

Let’s imagine that you ask a waiter for the toilets in a restaurant:

• Wou sinn d’Toiletten wann ech gelift? –  Where are the toilets, please?

Now you may answer by repeating the word d’Toiletten:

• D’Toilette sinn um 1. Stack. –  The toilets are on the 1. floor.

But you can replace d’Toiletten by using the pronoun se for plural things →

• Se sinn um 1. Stack. –  They are on the 1. floor.

Anert Beispill – other example

D’ Kleeder sinn al. Se sinn al. – The clothes are old. They are old. 

Übung (exercise)

Find the correct pronoun:

1. Wou sinn d’Tasen? ______ sinn am Kicheschaf. (d’Tasen= the cups)
2. Hues du mäi Brëll gesinn? Nee, ech hunn ______ net gesinn. (mäi Brëll = my glasses)
3. Wéi vill kascht d’Luucht? _______ kascht 99€. (d’Luucht = the lamp)
4. Ass dat e neit Hiem? Jo, ech hunn ______ an der Vakanz kaaft. (en Hiem = a shirt)

Now you're ready to start mastering the nuances of Lux pronouns, right. So, practice a little bit, and don’t be afraid to dive deeper into the language with us. Trust us: when you know the basics everything else won’t be too hard. Start your Lux learning journey today and master in just 8 weeks the basics of the language with our self-study online course A1 Foudation.

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In episode 19 you learned how to start a conversation in Luxembourgish.

In this episode, you will learn a) the secret to becoming more fluent and improving your Luxembourgish; b) how to keep a conversation going, without running out of things to say!

Let’s start with the secret to becoming more fluent and improving your Luxembourgish: this is so simple: you might be surprised: ASK MORE QUESTIONS

And we will at the end of the episode practice with two example conversations – an informal one using the du-form and a formal one using the Dir-form. 

Are you ready to learn this secret and master an everyday conversation?

Bass du prett? Da lass!

Most of the topics of small talk conversations include an observation followed by a question. This is the best way to get people talking about themselves.

Talking about your next holidays

The holidays are always an interesting topic. Usually people like talking about their next holidays. Here are some useful phrases to start a conversation about that topic. An easy and straightforward question:

• Wouhi gees du dëst Joer an d’Vakanz? – Where are you (informal) going on holidays this year?

But if you want something more original, try this:

• Endlech! Déi nächst Woch ass Schoulvakanz. Hutt dir schonn eppes vir? Finally! Next week is school holidays. Do you (plural) have already something planned?
• Ech fueren, wéi ëmmer, am Februar an de Wantersport. An du? Gees du och am Wanter an d’Vakanz? – I go, as always, in February in the winter sports. What about you (informal)? Do you go as well on holidays in winter?

Here’s an example of how NOT to have an Luxembourgish conversation:

• War däi Weekend flott? – Did you have a nice weekend?
• Jo. An däin? – Yes. And how was yours?
• Majo, och flott. – Well, nice as well.

Unfortunately, the conversation stops here because there’s no natural way to continue it. This is OK if you only want to have a quick conversation (for example, if you are quickly passing a co-worker in the hallway). But how can you have a longer conversation in Luxembourgish?

2 KEYS to continuing a conversation in Luxembourgish

1 Ask questions that start with the question words Wat, Wéini, Wou, Firwat and Wéi. Try to avoid yes/no questions.

2 In your answers, give one or two details that will help continue the conversation. You don’t need to talk for a long time.

Example of Luxembourgish Conversations

Here are two example conversations – an informal one using the du-form and a formal one using the Dir-form. 

Notice how each person adds one or two details, and then there is a follow-up question about the details. 

Moien! An, wéi war däi Weekend?

Zimmlech flott! E Samschdeg ware mir bei Frënn agelueden an e Sonndeg war ech mat menge Kanner an de Kino.

Flott. Wat sidd dir da kucke gaang?

Den EMOJI!

An? Wéi war en?

De Kanner huet de Film natierlech gutt gefall. An du? Wat hues du de Weekend gemaach?

Net esou vill. E Samschdeg sinn ech doheem bliwwen a sonndes moies ginn ech jo ëmmer lafen.

Ah sou? Wéi laang leefs du dann? 

Normalerweis tëscht 45 Minutten an eng Stonn.

Leefs du eleng?

Jo, leider. Hues de Loscht eng Kéier matzekommen?”

Oh nee, dat ass net menges. Ech gi just gär schwammen.

A wouhi gees du da schwammen?

…

Hello! And, how was your weekend?

Quite nice! On Saturday we were invited at some friends and on Sunday I went with my kids to the cinema.

Nice. Which movie have you been watching?

EMOJI

And? How was it?

Of course, the children liked the movie. And how about you? What have you done last Weekend?

Not sou much. I stayed at home on Saturday and on Sunday mornings I always go running.

Oh, really? How long do you run?

Usually between 45 minutes and one hour.

Do you run alone?

Yes unfortunately. Would like to come with me once?

Oh no, that is not my cup of tea. I just like to go swimming.

And where do you go swimming? 

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In the last episode, we covered the 3 key rules for word order in Luxembourgish independent clauses. Now, we dive into dependent or subordinate clauses. But what does that mean? 🤔

Subordinate clauses are those parts of a sentence that can’t stand alone and need another part to complete their meaning. These clauses bring a new set of word order rules in Luxembourgish, and here’s an important tip: 🔑 The conjugated verb is always placed at the end of a subordinate clause.

Curious to learn more? Tune in to master these more advanced sentence structures!

a subordinating conjunction: datt, ob, well, wann,  etc

or in the case of relative clauses by a relative pronoun deen, déi, dat.

Here are some examples of subordinate clauses in Luxembourgish and English. Notice that each Luxembourgish subordinate clause (in bold type) is set off by a comma.

Examples: 

a) Ech weess net, ob hien haut kënnt. I don’t know if / whether he comes today.

b) Ech ginn haut net an d’Schwämm, well ech krank sinn.  I don’t go to the swimming pool today because I am sick.

c) Dat ass de Mann, dee mir gëschter gesinn hunn. That’s the man (that/whom) we saw yesterday.

d) Wann d’Wieder schéin ass, ginn ech lafen. – If the weather is good, I’ll go running.

As you can see above, a Luxembourgish subordinate clause always starts with a subordinating conjunction and ends with the conjugated verb.

The ONE thing you must remember is that when a sentence starts with a subordinate clause, as in example d), the very first word after the comma (before the main clause) MUST be the verb: Wann d’Wieder schéin ass, ginn ech lafen. 

One important aspect of learning to deal with subordinate clauses is to be familiar with the subordinating conjunctions that introduce them.

All of the subordinating conjunctions require the conjugated verb to go at the end of the clause they introduce.

Learning Tip:

Another technique for learning conjunctions is to learn the ones that are NOT subordinating, called coordinating conjunctions, since there are fewer of those. The coordinating conjunctions with normal word order are:

awer / mee (but), oder (or), entweder/oder (either/or)  an (and).

Examples:

Meng Eltere waren och am Kino, awer ech hu si net gesinn. – My parents were also at the movies, but I didn’t see them.

Du kanns mir d’Suen direkt ginn, oder du bezils dono. – You can give me the money straight away or you can pay later.

Entweder du waarts hei op eis, oder du gees mat. – Either you wait for us here, or you come with us.

Remark: After an, the subject (if it remains the same) can often be omitted because it is understood, so the verb often follows it immediately:

Ech iesse moies eng Schmier an drénken dobäi Téi. – I eat a slice of bread in the morning and to that I drink tea. 

The word wéi is also used in comparisons (méi grouss wéi, bigger than), in which case it is not a subordinating conjunction. As always, you have to look at the context in which a word appears in a sentence.

Learn the most important Coordinating & Subordinate Conjunctions and practice with many exercises with my                                       

10-Day-Course: Basics of Luxembourgish Sentence Structure

1. Dat sinn d’Kanner, déi hei an der Strooss wunnen.
2. Ech hoffen, datt d’Wieder an der Vkanz gutt gëtt.
3. Et reent, mee ech ginn awer an de Park lafen.

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There are cases in which Luxembourgish and English word order are identical,however the word order in Luxembourgish is more variable and flexible than in English. In particular, sentences need not begin with the subject. BUT there are strict rules determining the position of the VERB and there are a few other rules to bear in mind.

No matter which element begins a Luxembourgish declarative sentence (a statement), the verb is always the second element. If you remember nothing else about Luxembourgish word order, remember this. The subject for instance ech, den Hond, Meng Kanner, d’Haus will either come first or immediately after the verb if the subject is not the first element. This is a simple and fast rule. In a statement (not a question) the verb always comes second.

This rule applies to sentences and phrases that are independent clauses.

A “normal” word order places the subject first, the verb second, and any other elements third.

Examples:

Ech léieren haut Lëtzebuergesch. – I learn Luxembourgish today.

Haut léieren ech Lëtzebuergesch. – Today I learn Luxembourgish. (Lit: Today learn I Luxembourgish)

Remark:

“in second position” or “second place,” means the second element, NOT necessarily the second word.

Only one element can precede the verb, but it may consist of more than one word, for example Haut den Owend.

In such cases, the verb remains second and the subject must immediately follow the verb:

⇒Haut den Owend léieren ech Lëtzebuergesch. –This evening I learn Luxembourgish.

⇒Um wéi vill Auer bass du muer doheem. –At what time are you at home tomorrow

Another area where Luxembourgish syntax may vary from that of English is the position of expressions of time wéini?, manner wéi? and place wou?

In English we would say, Tom is coming home by train today. English word order in such cases is place, manner, time… the exact opposite of Luxembourgish. We say: time, manner, place.

Examples:

Den Tom kënnt haut mam Zuch heem. ⇒ haut (time), mam Zuch (manner), heem (place).

Ech ginn all Dag mam Auto op d’Aarbecht. ⇒ all Dag (time), mam Auto (manner), d’Aarbecht (place). – I go to work by car everyday.

When you have a separable verb (with a prefix), a modal verb or when a verb is used in combination with a second verb then the conjugated verb still stays in POSITION 2. This creates a sentence bracket that contains all of the other information.

Examples: 

Meng Mamm fiert normalerweis um 6 Auer heem. – My mom usually goes home at 6pm.

Here we have a separable verb heemfueren. ⇒ fueren is the stem and heem is the a prefix. 

For such verbs, the prefix is separated from the stem and placed at the end of the sentence in the present tense (as long as the clause is not subordinate or relative).

Meng Mamm wëll haut um 6 Auer heemfueren. – My mom wants to go home at 6pm today.

Here we have the modal verb wëllen (the conjugated verb) and the 2. verb comes at the very end of the sentence. In this case a separable verb is no longer separated.

Meng Mamm ass haut um 6 Auer heemgefuer. My mom came home at 6pm today.

I know that the sentence order is quite challenging. That’s why And as there is much to say about the word order in Luxembourgish sentences I decided to create an online course – 10 day course: Understand the Basics of Luxembourgish Sentence Structure - this is included for FREE in the online course A1F

1 Simple, declarative sentences are identical in Luxembourgish and English: Subject, verb, other. Ech léiere Lëtzebuergesch

2 The verb is always the second element in a Luxembourgish sentence. Am Summer ginn ech gär an d’Schwämm..

3 Luxembourgish sentences are usually “Time, Manner, Place.” Ech fueren um 8 Auer moies mam Auto op d’Aarbecht

4 With separable, modal verbs and tenses, the second verb goes last, but the conjugated verb is still second.

Ech fueren ëmmer um 6 Auer owes heem

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Not sure if you’re truly at the A2 level?

Don’t worry—this episode is for you! I’ve prepared a quick and fun multiple-choice quiz where you can test your Luxembourgish knowledge at the end of level A2.

Here’s how it works: I’ll ask you a question, give you 10 seconds to think about it, and then I’ll reveal the correct answer.

You’ll get to assess your progress in real-time and discover where you might need to focus more study. Whether you’re preparing for the *Sproochentest* or just curious about your Luxembourgish level, this quiz will give you a clear idea of where you stand.

So, *bass du prett? Da lass!* 🎙️

📚 Want to improve even faster? Join our upcoming courses and take your Luxembourgish skills to the next level! 🚀

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https://courses.luxembourgishwithanne.lu/p/oralexam

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Let’s talk about Autumn in Luxembourgish

It's autumn *den Hierscht* and what better time to practice talking about the weather and seasonal activities in Luxembourgish?

Whether you're enjoying a walk through the colorful forests or cozying up indoors, this episode will help you expand your vocabulary for autumn-related small talk.

Did you know that the seasons are often a topic in the *Sproochentest* Oral Exam? I'll guide you through common phrases and vocabulary that will make you feel confident during your exam or in casual conversations.

Here’s a quick teaser: Do you know how to say autumn in Luxembourgish? If not, *du bass prett fir ze léieren*!

By the end of this episode, you'll be equipped with all the words and phrases you need for the season. 🍂

🔑 Ready to ace the *Sproochentest* or just improve your Luxembourgish skills?

Sign up for our courses—spots fill up quickly! 🎓

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Do you know the difference between *kennen* and *wëssen*? 🤔

 In Luxembourgish, there are two ways to say "to know," but when do you use *kennen* and when do you use *wëssen*? This is a challenge for many learners, especially if your native language only has one verb for this concept. In this episode, I’ll guide you through a simple, straightforward rule of thumb:

 - Use *wëssen* for information you know (usually involving a verb)

- Use *kennen* for people, places, and things you are familiar with

Let’s clear up this confusion and get you feeling more confident in your Luxembourgish conversations! Tune in to this episode for practical tips and examples to help you master *kennen* and *wëssen* like a native. 💡

 👉 Ready to take your Luxembourgish to the next level? Join one of our courses and build your confidence in speaking!

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In this episode you’ll learn 25 questions and answers to those questions that every Luxembourgish learner should know. Once you understand these questions and know how to answer them you’ll be able to handle many situations in daily conversations in Luxembourgish whether you are with friends, with colleagues or on the phone with someone. And, should your goal be to sit the Lux language exam to acquire Lux citizenship then those questions and answers will also help you to gain confidence in understanding and answering the questions the examiner will ask you in the Sproochentest Oral Exam.

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Do you find it challenging to understand native Luxembourgish speakers? 🤔 You're not alone! Many Luxembourgish learners struggle with listening to natural, spoken Luxembourgish. While slow audios are helpful at the beginning, they may not be enough as you progress.

Listening is often one of the biggest hurdles for Luxembourgish learners. You might read well, have good grammar and vocabulary, and speak confidently, but when it comes to understanding spoken Luxembourgish, it can feel overwhelming and frustrating. Does this sound familiar?

In this podcast, I dive into why listening to Luxembourgish can be so difficult and how to overcome these challenges. Let’s tackle this together! 🎧💪

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https://courses.luxembourgishwithanne.lu/p/oralexam

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