In this high-yield episode Mike and Molly travel through the entire nephron—from Bowman's capsule to the collecting duct—to show how the kidneys quietly run four huge homeostatic jobs:

- Water balance (ADH / vasopressin & aquaporins)

- Sodium-potassium balance (aldosterone & the distal convoluted tubule)

- Blood-pressure regulation (the full RAAS pathway + ACE)

- Acid-base regulation (H⁺ / HCO₃⁻ handling)

Along the way we connect the dots to the cardiovascular, respiratory and endocrine systems and share memory hooks, MCAT “buzz-words,” real-life examples (why alcohol makes you pee!), and pro tips for spotting kidney questions in passages.

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