Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 18, 2024 is: artifice \AHR-tuh-fus\ noun

Artifice refers to dishonest or insincere behavior or speech that is meant to deceive someone. It can also be used to mean "clever or artful skill."

// We found ourselves tremendously moved by his apology, which he made without artifice or pretense.

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/artifice)

Examples:

"At the time, almost every comedy on air was filmed live in front of a studio audience—or at least pretended to be. Pretty much all of the biggest shows used a laugh track—The Andy Griffith Show, The Beverly Hillbillies, Green Acres. Savvy viewers might have figured out that not all of the giggles and guffaws were real, but few people outside the industry understood the extent of the artifice." — Jacob Stern, The Atlantic, 15 Apr. 2024

Did you know?

Do great actors display artifice or art? Sometimes a bit of both. Artifice stresses creative skill or intelligence, but it also implies a sense of falseness and trickery. [Art](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/art) generally rises above such falseness, suggesting instead an unanalyzable creative force. Actors may rely on some of each, but the personae they display in their roles are usually artificial creations. Therein lies a lexical connection between art and artifice. Artifice comes from artificium, Latin for "artistry, craftmanship, craft, craftiness, and cunning." (That root also gave us the English word [artificial](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/artificial).) Artificium, in turn, developed from ars, the Latin root underlying the word [art](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/art) (and related terms such as [artist](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/artist) and [artisan](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/artisan)).

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 17, 2024 is: lucrative \LOO-kruh-tiv\ adjective

Something described as lucrative produces money or [wealth](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/wealth).

// The author parlayed the success of her books into a lucrative second career as a public speaker.   

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lucrative)

Examples:

"A vibrant commercial Off Broadway sector existed decades ago, but it shrank as the nonprofit theater movement grew, providing a home for adventurous art. It also contracted as Broadway surged, providing the temptation of bigger audiences and higher profits, and as some venues were lost for more lucrative real estate uses." — Michael Paulson, The New York Times, 11 Apr. 2024

Did you know?

Paying, gainful, remunerative, and lucrative are all used to describe ways to [bring home the bacon](https://bit.ly/3Wb2wqK), but each term suggests a different amount of bacon being brought in. [Paying](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/paying) is the word for jobs that yield the [smallest potatoes](https://bit.ly/49FLQeo)—a paying job should provide satisfactory compensation, but you're not going to get rich by it. Gainful employment might offer a bit more cash, and [gainful](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gainful) certainly suggests that an individual is motivated by a desire for gain. [Remunerative](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/remunerative) implies that a job provides more than the usual rewards, but a lucrative position is really the one you want—that's the kind that goes beyond your initial hopes or expectations to really bring in the [lucre](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lucre) (both lucrative and lucre come from the Latin noun lucrum, meaning "gain" or "profit").

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 16, 2024 is: debacle \dee-BAH-kul\ noun

Debacle is usually used synonymously with [fiasco](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fiasco) to mean “a complete failure.” It can also refer to a great disaster (though typically not one that causes significant suffering or loss).

// After the debacle of his first novel, he had trouble getting a publisher for his next book.

// The state has made a great deal of progress in recovering from its economic debacle.

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/debacle)

Examples:

“Earlier this year, on an Amtrak train from Northern Virginia to Sanford, Florida, passengers repeatedly called the police during the train’s 20-hour delay. ‘For those of you that are calling the police,’ the conductor had to announce, ‘we are not holding you hostage.’ That debacle was caused by a freight train ahead of them, which had crashed into an empty car parked on the tracks in rural South Carolina. Nothing you can do about that. A train just has to wait until whatever’s in front of it is gone.” — Kaitlyn Tiffany, The Atlantic, 21 Nov. 2023

Did you know?

If you need an [icebreaker](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/icebreaker) in some social setting, why not recount the history of debacle? After all, when it was first used in English, debacle referred to the literal breaking up of ice (such as the kind that occurs in a river after a long, cold winter), as well as to the rush of ice or water that follows such an event. Eventually, it was also used to mean “a violent, destructive flood.” If that’s not enough to make some fast friends, you could let loose the fact that debacle comes from the French noun débâcle, which in turn comes from the verb débâcler, meaning “to clear, unbolt, or unbar.” You might then add, to your listeners’ grateful appreciation, that these uses led naturally to such meanings as “a breaking up,” “collapse,” and finally the familiar “disaster” and “fiasco.” We can feel the silence thawing already.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 15, 2024 is: wane \WAYN\ verb

To wane is to become smaller or less, or in other words, to decrease in size, extent, or degree.

// The national scandal caused her popularity to wane.

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/wane)

Examples:

“In 2023, Royal Caribbean's bookings hit an all-time high ahead of the launch of its newest ship, the Icon of the Seas. Interest has yet to wane: The three strongest booking weeks in the company’s history were at the start of 2024 and ‘wave season,’ when cruise lines typically roll out flashy discounts to incentivize reservations.” — Brittany Chang, Business Insider, 20 Mar. 2024

Did you know?

In her book Braiding Sweetgrass, scientist Robin Wall Kimmerer, an enrolled member of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, recounts some of the stories of her people surrounding [Windigos](https://www.britannica.com/topic/wendigo), fearsome, shrieking monsters that prey on human flesh: “The Windigo is most powerful in the Hungry Times. With the warm breezes his power wanes.” Wane is a verb used when something—such as strength, power, or influence—decreases or diminishes, usually with the implication that the lessening is gradual, natural, or—as in the case of the Windigo—seasonal. Daylight wanes, as does summer. In a classroom, one’s attention may be said to wane if, minute by minute, one becomes more interested in watching birds through the window than following the points of the professor’s lecture. For centuries, wane has also been called upon to describe the seeming decrease in the size of the moon in the later [phases](https://www.britannica.com/science/lunar-phases) of the lunar cycle. The traditional opposite of wane is [wax](https://bit.ly/3JqxWSK), a once common but now rare synonym of grow. Wane and wax have been partnered in references to the moon since the Middle Ages.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 14, 2024 is: caveat \KAV-ee-aht\ noun

A caveat is an explanation or warning that should be remembered when you are doing or thinking about something. In legal contexts, caveat refers to a notice to a court or judicial officer to suspend a proceeding until the opposition can be heard.

// All investment advice should come with a caveat: the stock market is impossible to predict with absolute accuracy.

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/caveat)

Examples:

"The report details the percentage of students who graduate within four years from when they first enroll in ninth grade. Still, there are caveats to the numbers. For one, students who leave the district after their freshman year to be home-schooled or enroll in private schools aren't included in the calculation." — Sommer Brugal, The Treasure Coast News (Palm Beach, Florida), 7 Jan. 2021

Did you know?

You may be familiar with the old saying [caveat emptor](https://bit.ly/43Yjw5M), nowadays loosely translated as "let the buyer beware." In the 16th century, this adage was imparted as a safeguard for the seller: allow the buyer to examine the item (for example, a horse) before the sale is completed so that the seller can't be blamed if the item turns out to be unsatisfactory. Caveat in Latin means "let him beware" and comes from the verb cavēre, meaning "to be on guard." Perhaps you've also heard the phrase [caveat lector](https://bit.ly/3PT85Gn); translated as "let the reader beware," it's a warning to take what one reads with a [grain of salt](https://bit.ly/3Jh6dDY). English retained caveat itself as a noun for something that serves to warn, explain, or caution. The word [caution](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/caution), by the way (no salt needed), is also a descendant of cavēre.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 13, 2024 is: instigate \IN-stuh-gayt\ verb

To instigate something is to cause it to happen or begin by urging or goading others. Instigate is a synonym of [provoke](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/provoke).

// The pair was accused of instigating a plot to oust the newly elected mayor.

[See the entry >]( https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/instigate)

Examples:

"The image of John, Paul, George and Ringo waving from the top steps of Pan Am Yankee Clipper flight 101 at 1.20pm on 7 February 1964 is among the most iconic in rock'n'roll history. … That aeroplane steps photo was pivotal in instigating a dynamic in rock music whereby boys played guitars to the wild adulation of girls, a misguided social 'norm' that became so deeply embedded in the music industry that we're only now beginning to untangle it." — Mark Beaumont, The Independent (London), 7 Feb. 2024

Did you know?

It's time to investigate the true meaning of instigate. Instigate is often used as a synonym of [incite](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/incite) (as in "siblings instigating a fight"), but the two words differ slightly in their overall usage. Incite usually stresses an act of stirring something up that one did not necessarily initiate ("the court's decision incited riots"), while instigate implies responsibility for initiating or encouraging someone else's action, and usually suggests [dubious](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dubious) or underhanded intent ("he was charged with instigating a conspiracy"). Coming from a form of the Latin verb instigare ("to urge on or provoke"), instigate stepped into English in the 1500s, roughly a century after incite.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 12, 2024 is: torrid \TOR-id\ adjective

Torrid can be used to describe something that is literally hot (such as a region near the Earth’s equator) or figuratively hot (such as a romance).

// The tabloids were relentless in covering every minor detail of the celebrity couple’s torrid affair.

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/torrid)

Examples:

“Chinese cities such as Chongqing, a southwestern metropolis known for its torrid summers, have for years used their air raid tunnels as public cooling centers.” — The Associated Press, 7 July 2023

Did you know?

[Hot](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hot), [steamy](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/steamy), [sultry](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sultry): English is full of words that do double-duty in describing thirst traps both literal (as in the [tropics](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tropics)) and figurative (as in, well, [thirst traps](https://bit.ly/4aCmX48)). Torrid comes from the Latin verb torrēre, which means “to burn” or “to parch” and is an ancestor of our word [toast](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/toast). (Despite its dry implications, torrēre is also an ancestor of [torrent](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/torrent), as in “a torrent of rain.”) Torrid first appeared in English in the 16th century and was originally used to describe something burned or scorched by exposure to the sun, but it has since taken on an extended meaning similar to the “sexy” sense of hot: “showing fiery passion,” as in “torrid love letters” or “a torrid affair.”

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 11, 2024 is: zhuzh \ZHUZH (the U is as in PUSH)\ verb

To zhuzh something up is to improve its flavor or appearance by way of a small improvement, adjustment, or addition.

// He likes to zhuzh up his outfits with brightly-colored ties.

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/zhuzh)

Examples:

“Ever since my sister introduced me to this life-changing condiment, I’ve slathered [chili crisp] on pretty much everything I could think of—from roasted vegetables and noodles to seafood and popcorn. … That deep savory flavor comes from ingredients like fermented black bean, shallots, mushroom powder, ginger, and seaweed, so it’s no wonder it’s become my go-to pantry staple when I want to zhuzh up my dinner in a matter of seconds.” — Britt Ross, quoted on BuzzFeed, 17 Feb. 2024

Did you know?

Zhuzh (alternatively spelled zhoosh) has an [onomatopoetic](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/onomatopoeia) ring to it: it resembles other sound-effect words, such as [whoosh](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/whoosh) or [zoom](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/zoom), that suggest dynamic movement, or perhaps more appropriately, a ruffling of hair or fabric. The earliest evidence of zhuzh shows that it is part of [Polari](https://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/stories/polari-and-hidden-history-of-gay-seafarers), a kind of slang known especially for its use in 20th century British gay culture. The word has been in use since at least the 1970s, and gained wild popularity during the 2018 reboot of Queer Eye, a television series in which a fellow needing help in the areas of fashion, grooming, living space, food, and social grace gets a makeover courtesy of five talented gay men. While often used as a verb (usually paired with up), zhuzh is also a noun that refers to a small improvement or adjustment, as in “my hair just needs a quick zhuzh and I’ll be ready to go.”

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 10, 2024 is: bogart \BOH-gahrt\ verb

To bogart something is to use or consume it without sharing.

// Nelson advised his friends not to bogart all the snacks before the rest of the party guests arrived.

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bogart)

Examples:

"Producers of individual shows should not be allowed to shape any content but their own; otherwise, the telecast winds up being hijacked by beamed-in celebrities singing songs from terrible musicals no one’s yet seen. And as for those stage-swarming investors? Let’s ban them too. The awards they bogart belong to the authors." — Jesse Green, The New York Times, 2 June 2021

Did you know?

The legendary film actor [Humphrey Bogart](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Humphrey-Bogart) was known for playing a range of tough characters in a series of films throughout the 1940s and 1950s, including [The Maltese Falcon](https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Maltese-Falcon-film-1941), [Casablanca](https://www.britannica.com/topic/Casablanca-film-by-Curtiz), and [The African Queen](https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-African-Queen-film-1951). The men he portrayed often possessed a cool, hardened exterior that occasionally let forth a suggestion of romantic or idealistic sentimentality. Bogart also had a unique method of smoking cigarettes in these pictures—letting the butt dangle from his mouth without removing it until it was almost entirely consumed. It is believed that this habit inspired the current meaning of bogart, which was once limited to the phrase "Don't bogart that [joint](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/joint)," as popularized by a song on the soundtrack to the film [Easy Rider](https://www.britannica.com/topic/Easy-Rider). Today, bogart can be applied to hogging almost anything.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 9, 2024 is: grudging \GRUH-jing\ adjective

Grudging is an adjective used to describe something that is said, done, or given unwillingly or reluctantly. It can also describe someone who is unwilling or reluctant to do something.

// Her theories have begun to win grudging acceptance in the scientific community.

// A number of his former critics have become grudging admirers.

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/grudging)

Examples:

“‘I’m impressed,’ said Mati, grudging admiration in her tone. ‘It isn’t just a pretty name and expensive ingredients. I can never make something this tasty.’” — Ken Liu, The Veiled Throne, 2022

Did you know?

The English language has been carrying a [grudge](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/grudge) for a long time—since the 13th century to be exact, when it took the Anglo-French verb grucher/grucer and made it grucchen/grudgen. Both words meant “to grumble and complain” (and if their shared definition, combined with their spelling and pronunciation, reminds you of a certain furry green [Muppet](https://www.britannica.com/art/Muppet) who lives in a trash can, you’re onto something: [grouch](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/grouch) is thought to be a grucchen descendant). Over time grucchen/grudgen became grudge, which picked up the additional, closely related meanings of “to be unwilling to give or allow” and “to allow with reluctance or resentment,” as when [Virginia Woolf](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Virginia-Woolf) wrote “if you come to grudge even the sun for shining … fruit does not ripen.” Grudging, which developed from grudge, made its English debut in the 1530s, and has been used ever since to describe someone who is unwilling or reluctant (“a grudging supporter”) or something done or given reluctantly or sparingly (“grudging respect”).